Researchers found security gaps in open-source DNA processing programs, allowing unauthorized access to computer systems and potentially manipulated DNA results. They recommend strengthening computer security and privacy protections through best practices, adversarial thinking, and monitoring.
A study found that San Salvador pupfish acquired genetic variation from island fish, contributing to the evolution of specialized diets. The research identified 11 gene variants in the San Salvador fish genome that came from other Caribbean pupfish populations.
A rare genetic mutation in the POL III sensor can turn chickenpox into a life-threatening infection, leading to brain inflammation and pneumonia. Individuals with this mutation have an increased risk of developing severe illness.
A University of Oklahoma biology professor has been awarded a $1.2 million National Science Foundation grant to investigate the impact of climate on terrestrial arthropod communities. The project aims to generate standardized field data on ground-dwelling arthropods, which are abundant and diverse animal groups.
A new study by University of Arizona sociology doctoral student Morgan Johnstonbaugh found that US lawmakers' tweets are more closely tied to their political party affiliation than their gender. Contrary to expectations, women did not tweet significantly more about stereotypically female issues and men did not tweet more about male-ste...
Researchers used CRISPR to manipulate ant eggs, resulting in germline changes that affect every cell in the adult colony. The study found that knocking out the orco gene affected olfaction, social behavior, and brain anatomy, providing insights into gene regulation and its impact on complex biological systems.
The study found that individuals with kidney disease have a higher risk of developing atrial fibrillation. The risk increased step-wise with decreasing kidney function, and the link held even after accounting for other factors such as cardiovascular health.
New research at Oregon State University found that bacteria prioritize their own fitness when nutrients are limited, but not when iron, phosphorus, and sulfur are abundant. This study provides insights into the evolution of cooperation in microbes and has implications for understanding natural populations.
Researchers create complete map of fruit fly larva brain's learning center, a crucial step towards understanding animal brains. The project could guide scientists in charting connections among neurons in mammals' brains.
Researchers at Sanford Burnham Prebys and Mayo Clinic have been awarded a three-year NIH grant to identify molecules that could become new medicines to inhibit myocardial fibrosis, a major cause of heart failure. The collaboration aims to accelerate the development of novel approaches to fight disease.
Biologists in Konstanz have identified a crucial step in the labelling and transportation process of proteins in plant cells. The SH3P2 protein plays a key role in binding to ubiquitin molecules, marking them for transport to the vacuole.
Scientists will use automated communication signals to probe the ionosphere's behavior during the Aug. 21 eclipse, providing insights into mechanisms underlying ionospheric changes. The study will help improve understanding of the Sun's impact on Earth's atmosphere and navigation signal interference.
Researchers found that taboo words provoke strong physiological responses, but context and individual offense likelihood mediate these effects. Context plays a crucial role in shaping attention levels and memory recall.
Researchers found that over 90% of USB-connected devices leak information to external devices when plugged into the same hub. This 'channel-to-channel crosstalk leakage' allows malicious devices to capture keystrokes and private info.
Most messaging app users neglect security options, exposing themselves to fraud and hacking. Authentication ceremonies are often overlooked despite encrypting messages by default.
A study by CSIC and London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine found that higher temperatures increase health risks, but sensitivity varies by region. The study suggests adapting to excessive heat and developing migration strategies as climate change projections increase temperatures.
A study published in Science reveals that archaeal DNA folding is identical to the process found in more complex organisms, suggesting an early prototype for the eukaryotic nucleosome. This discovery sheds light on the evolutionary origins of genome folding and raises questions about the common ancestor of life.
Researchers at Boston Children's Hospital developed a novel system using ultrasound to trigger the release of nerve-blocking agents, providing on-demand pain relief. The system, using ultrasound-triggered liposomes, has potential for replacing addictive opioids and short-lasting local anesthetics.
Ryohei Yasuda, Scientific Director of MPFI, received the 2017 Nakaakira Tsukahara Memorial Prize for his groundbreaking work on synaptic plasticity. His research focuses on understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying neural circuit function and memory formation.
A team of researchers at FAU has identified a key mechanism involved in the resolution of inflammations in rheumatoid arthritis patients. Innate lymphoid cells can induce a 'hibernation' state, which persists in those with rheumatism but is reversed when these cells are 'woken up', stopping inflammation and joint damage.
A new study published in Arthritis Care & Research found that male workers in the manufacturing sector have a higher risk of developing rheumatoid arthritis than those in other sectors. Women working in certain occupations, such as assistant nurses and attendants, also showed a slightly increased risk of rheumatoid arthritis.
Researchers studied health effects of job transition on employed vs unemployed adults, finding that poor quality work was linked to higher chronic stress biomarkers and worse physical health. Good quality work, however, was associated with improved mental health scores.
Future medications can be scaled up using electrochemistry, creating vicinal diamines without toxic waste. This process employs Earth-abundant manganese, offering a more sustainable alternative to traditional chemical synthesis methods.
A study by Abbott found that a nutrition care program reduced 30-day readmission rates by 27% and average hospital stay by nearly two days. This resulted in cost savings of up to $3,800 per patient due to shorter hospital stays and lower readmissions.
A study of 43 patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma found two preoperative factors strongly predictive of poor prognosis, regardless of tumor stage. These biomarkers, C-reactive protein/albumin ratio and prognostic nutritional index, may help plan treatment strategies to improve patient outcomes.
Researchers at the University of Wisconsin-Madison have developed a new measurement for the volume and activity of beta cells, which are responsible for producing insulin. The new test uses PET scanning to detect minute levels of a radioactive chemical in the mouse pancreas, providing a more accurate assessment of insulin production.
Andone C. Lavery has been recognized for her work on zooplankton and physical microstructure using broadband acoustic measurement methods, providing new understanding of ocean physical processes and marine biology. The award also acknowledges her Arctic oil spill research, which shares similarities with Walter Munk's ATOC work.
An analysis of 50 years' worth of data reveals that climate change is causing rivers to flood earlier in the spring in western and northeastern Europe. This shift is largely attributed to changes in soil moisture retention and increased snowmelt due to warmer temperatures.
Researchers created a small molecule that inhibits the formation of biofilms on tooth surfaces, reducing dental caries in rats fed a caries-promoting diet. The inhibitor blocks a key virulence enzyme, making it unable to stick to tooth surfaces and produce lactic acid.
A study led by Cedars-Sinai found that patients with lower Braden Scale scores have higher risks of nonambulation, prolonged hospital stays, and rehabilitation facility discharge after liver transplantation. Supervised exercise programs may improve physical functioning and quality of life for these patients.
Researchers from Yale University studied 840 patients with curable cancers and found that those who used only alternative therapy had a higher risk of death. The study suggests that conventional cancer treatment is more effective in improving survival rates.
A study co-led by John H. Martin found that genetic mutations in the Bax/Bak pathway affect neural motor skills development in infant mice. The researchers discovered that disruptions in this pathway hinder the formation of proper connections between the brain's motor cortex and spinal cord.
Researchers found that anti-CTLA-4 and anti-PD-1 checkpoint inhibitors expand distinct immune infiltrates against cancer by targeting different types of T cells. This study provides a reason why combining these therapies works better than either alone.
A new study from UC Berkeley research finds that people who habitually accept their negative emotions experience fewer negative emotions, leading to better psychological health. The study tested over 1,300 adults and found those who avoid acknowledging dark emotions report more mood disorder symptoms.
A research team has identified two genes, NRXN1 and CNTN6, that are significantly modified in people with Tourette syndrome. These genes encode proteins involved in cell fusion in the nervous system and are linked to an increased risk of developing the condition.
Researchers genotyped Aedes aegypti mosquitoes in California and found two distinct introductions and populations. The northern population is genetically diverse and likely arose from a separate introduction.
Scientists have identified two new brain regions, perirhinal cortex and temporal pole, that facilitate the recognition of familiar faces in monkeys. These regions were found to be specifically involved in recognizing personally familiar faces, but not unfamiliar objects or faces.
New study confirms the sustained impact of rotavirus vaccination in reducing diarrhea hospitalizations among US children under 5, with estimated savings of $1.2 billion in direct medical costs. Researchers found that hospitalization rates decreased by between 31-55% following routine vaccine introduction in 2006.
A new study from McMaster University highlights the importance of public health messaging to South Asian women who are considering pregnancy. The research found that a healthy diet and pre-pregnancy weight can significantly decrease gestational diabetes risk, with approximately one-third of cases preventable.
A new healthcare delivery model proposes partnering ERs with primary care to address failing health in underserved areas. This approach aims to connect patients to other physicians and resources, improving overall rural population health.
Researchers have successfully edited the pig genome to deactivate a family of retroviruses, which can be passed on to human cells. The achievement holds important implications for transplant medicine and may one day enable pig-to-human organ transplants.
Research by James Cook University found that tree cover helps both tree-dwelling and ground-dwelling reptiles thrive on grazed land. Conservative stocking rates and retaining standing trees can increase native animal populations.
Researchers at CNIC have developed new methods to induce multispectral genetic mosaics in vertebrate models, allowing precise study of gene behavior. The technology enables simultaneous analysis of multiple genes in different cell populations, providing insights into gene interaction networks and regulatory hierarchies.
Researchers at the University of British Columbia developed a novel method to assess malaria progression using RBC deformability, which can indicate hemin-induced oxidative stress. This simple microfluidic device can determine RBC rigidity in minutes, providing a valuable tool for disease diagnosis and treatment.
Researchers at Nemours Biomedical Research and University of Delaware have developed a patent-pending process to bridge the gap between 3D cell cultures and high throughput screening techniques. This allows for greater predictability of drug effectiveness and toxicity, leading to lower attrition rates in new medicine development.
A team of scientists used CRISPR technology to genetically engineer Indian jumping ants, revealing the molecular basis of their social communication. The study found that mutations in specific genes affected ants' sense of smell and social behavior, with potential implications for human brain disorders.
A recent study published in Pain investigated widespread pain and its relation to the brain. Researchers found that individuals with widespread pain had increased gray matter and brain connectivity in sensory and motor cortical areas, similar to those with fibromyalgia.
Researchers have developed bendable batteries that can run on biocompatible liquids like normal IV saline solution and cell-culture medium, outperforming most wearable lithium-ion batteries in charge-holding capacity and power output. The batteries' design also enables potential biomedical applications, such as consuming essential oxyg...
The European Association for Neuro-Oncology has developed new guidelines to treat adult patients with astrocytic and oligodendroglial gliomas more effectively. The guidelines provide guidance on prevention, early diagnosis, and treatment options, aiming to limit unnecessary treatments and costs.
Researchers at eGenesis have successfully produced the first PERV-free piglets using CRISPR technology, addressing safety concerns in xenotransplantation. The breakthrough demonstrates the potential of gene editing to prevent cross-species viral transmission and pave the way for safe human transplantable cells, tissues, and organs.
Researchers have developed a new technique called Orion to flag regions of the non-coding genome that are likely to contain disease-causing genetic changes. This method identifies stretches of DNA that vary little from person to person, which are most likely doing something important and more likely to cause disease.
UC Davis Health researchers found that dietary fiber acts as the right fuel to help intestinal cells maintain gut health. The beneficial microbes metabolize indigestible fiber to produce short-chain fatty acids, signaling cells to maximize oxygen consumption and limit harmful microbes.
Researchers have discovered a circular RNA, Cdr1as, that regulates microRNA levels and modulates synaptic responses in the brain. This finding has significant implications for our understanding of neural function and may hold potential for treating psychiatric diseases.
A new species of fruit bat, previously nicknamed 'Yoda' due to its resemblance to the Star Wars Jedi Master, has been officially recognized and renamed the happy (Hamamas) tube-nosed fruit bat. The species was discovered in Papua New Guinea and distinguished from other similar species based on unique morphological characteristics.
A study shows that chimpanzees can learn the rock-paper-scissors game, but takes longer to grasp the third pair. The research team also taught the game to preschool children, who learned it quickly and accurately, especially as they aged.
A study by University of Queensland researchers has confirmed that microbial communities necessary for plant development have a significant impact on crop and plant yields. The study also found that plants' limited ability to vertically transmit microorganisms between generations is a key factor in their relationship with microbes.
A study by Fumiko Chino and colleagues found that nearly all insured cancer patients experience financial burden, with those underinsured paying up to 31% of their income on healthcare costs. The research highlights the need for interventions to improve patient health care cost literacy and mitigate future treatment-related expenses.
Researchers at Karolinska Institutet and Uppsala University have discovered that mast cell development does not depend on stem cell factor. Instead, factors like interleukin 3 and 6 play a crucial role in their formation.
New University of Warwick research found parents of very preterm and low birth weight babies have the same life satisfaction as parents of healthy term babies when their children reach adulthood. The study, which tracked lives for 27 years, showed that good mental health and peer relationships in childhood are key to high life quality.
The development of enhanced single cell genomics techniques by Bigelow Laboratory has revolutionized the study of microbes and their impact on the environment. These advancements have also led to increased accessibility and affordability for research and industrial communities.