A study found that fertilizing artichokes with low nitrogen levels improves root growth and reduces yield losses after transplantation. The researchers also discovered that fertigation systems can help minimize transplant shock in globe artichokes grown in semiarid regions.
Hurricane Darby weakened to a tropical storm on July 20 as it approached the Central Pacific Ocean. The storm was about 1,000 miles east of Hilo, Hawaii, with maximum sustained winds decreasing to near 60 mph.
Researchers have identified a link between the TREM2 gene and immune cell dysfunction in Alzheimer's disease. Studies found that variants of this gene can impair the brain's ability to clear amyloid-beta aggregates, a hallmark of the disease.
A Penn-led team developed an oral vaccine booster that confers immunity against all three serotypes of polio, using a plant-based system to express a protein found in the polio virus. The vaccine induces mucosal and systemic immunity, neutralizing all three serotypes and offering a potential solution to global eradication efforts.
A recent study found that breastfeeding for over three months postpartum alters maternal metabolism, producing lower concentrations of branched-chain amino acids and phospholipids. This change in metabolites is linked to reduced insulin resistance and a lower risk of developing type 2 diabetes.
A new study suggests that oceans may be a significant source of free hydrogen gas, produced by slow-spreading tectonic plates on the seafloor. This finding could have far-ranging implications for our understanding of life on Earth and the potential for clean energy.
A new compound, mitoiron claw, protects skin cells from UVA-induced mitochondrial damage, preventing cell death and cancer. The researchers hope to see the compound added to sunscreens within 3-4 years.
A recent study has shed light on the pathogenesis of DNA breakpoints associated with leukemia, revealing a mechanism that explains up to 90% of DNA damages in the most common type of childhood leukemia. The study identified a new high-risk subtype of leukemia characterized by abnormal expression of enzymes causing DNA damage.
Researchers discovered leukemia stem cells in fatty tissue of obese patients were more resistant to chemotherapy, using fatty acids as their energy source and actively signaling fat for lipolysis. This adaptation could help explain poorer outcomes in obese patients, potentially shedding light on new strategies to target cancer stem cells.
Researchers found that bird species with increasing populations occupy a broader range of climate conditions, while declining species lose their range. This discovery has practical applications for conservation biologists, who can use the new findings to develop more accurate habitat protection strategies.
Researchers found that improving health facility efficiency in Kenya, Uganda, and Zambia could increase ART visits by 33% in Kenya and Zambia, and 62% in Uganda. This could support facilities seeing almost 460,000 new ART patients across the three countries.
The study confirms on-demand PrEP is a highly effective method of reducing the risk of HIV infection. The results show an incidence rate of 0.19 infections per 100 person-years of follow-up, with a significant drop in condom use among participants.
Researchers at Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology developed a novel ceramic-based laser, twice as effective as other solid-state lasers. The laser is used in surgical operations and has a wavelength that does not damage underlying tissue, making it ideal for medical purposes.
Scientists tested Emiliania huxleyi's ability to adapt to ocean acidification over four years, finding limited growth rate improvement despite genetic identity. The study revealed that evolution amplifies negative effects on calcification, while adapted populations can still form calcium carbonate platelets under current CO2 conditions.
A new study from the University of Illinois confirms a link between Pap smear screenings and a lower risk of developing cervical cancer in women over age 65. The researchers found that women in this age group were 36% less likely to have had a Pap test, resulting in a 52% reduced risk of malignant cervical cancer.
Biophysicists at FAU discover that plastic cell deformation is caused by microscopic damage to the cytoskeleton. This finding helps characterize diseased cells more accurately, enabling better understanding of cancer, lung diseases, and heart diseases.
A European-wide research programme is investigating why great apes are prone to heart disease, with a focus on chimpanzees and gorillas. The Ape Heart Project aims to improve heart screening in zoos and gain insights into the management and welfare of primates in human care.
Researchers discovered that reversing desert ants use an odometer-like mechanism to track distance and orientation while moving in reverse. The ants increase ground contact by using leg combinations and swing faster to maintain stability.
Researchers found that replication fork protection is a major mechanism of drug resistance in BRCA1/2-mutant breast and ovarian cancers. Proteins such as PTIP, CHD4, and PARP1 promote destabilization of replication forks, making cells chemoresistant.
Researchers will investigate the impact of drought on public health and water policy in California's poorest regions. The study will focus on health measures such as self-rated health, emotional distress, and infant birth weight.
A team of Japanese researchers made a groundbreaking discovery about the way we taste by studying the structure changes of taste receptor proteins when they bind to taste substances. This change is thought to transmit information from outside the cell, enabling precise analysis of taste substance binding and related processes.
Researchers have created a titanium-gold alloy that is four times harder than most steels, making it an ideal material for artificial knee and hip joints. The alloy's improved hardness and biocompatibility are due to its unique crystal structure, which is resistant to wear and tear.
The Antarctic Peninsula has entered a temporary cooling phase, driven by the stabilization of the ozone hole and changing wind patterns. Temperatures remain higher than pre-20th Century levels despite glacial retreat.
A special supplement to JAIDS provides critical information on HIV prevalence, risk factors, and prevention strategies for transgender individuals. The research highlights the need for culturally-tailored interventions and emphasizes the importance of understanding epidemiology and behavioral approaches.
Researchers found that a magnetic current flowing through one iron sheet can create quantized spin waves in another separate sheet, without physical connection. This phenomenon has potential benefits for emerging spintronics technology.
A study published in PLOS ONE found that little auks target the continental shelf and its edge for foraging, regardless of sea ice presence. The birds' diet varied depending on the location, with larger prey preferred at the shelf break when ice was absent.
A new Patagonian fossil has provided insights into the skeletal anatomy of megaraptors, a highly specialized group of Mesozoic predators. The species, Murusraptor barrosaensis, shares unique features with other megaraptors, but also boasts distinct facial and hip bone characteristics.
The EU is developing the European Open Science Cloud to provide robust e-infrastructures for publicly funded research data. However, many researchers face challenges in using these services due to technical limitations. Virtual Research Environments (VREs) can help bridge this gap by providing intuitive interfaces and seamless collabor...
Researchers at UC San Diego and MIT developed a synthetic biology strategy to produce cancer drugs in mice while limiting bacterial population growth. The approach enables controlled release of drugs at tumor sites, reducing tumor size by combining chemotherapy with gene products produced by bacteria.
Case Western Reserve University researchers identified why colorectal cancer cells depend on glutamine and developed a way to starve them. In a mouse model, exposing tumors with PIK3CA mutation to glutamine metabolism inhibitors suppressed tumor growth, providing a promising new therapeutic avenue for colorectal tumors.
Researchers created a new approach to scanning brain synapses using PET technology, revealing synaptic loss in patients with epilepsy. The technique may help diagnose and treat various disorders, including Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease.
A recent study examined opioid agonist therapy (OAT) use among Medicare Part D beneficiaries. The analysis found that only approximately 81,000 patients received buprenorphine-naloxone therapy, despite an estimated 300,000 patients struggling with opioid use disorder and over 200,000 requiring hospitalization for opioid-related issues.
A study by Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health found that 22 out of 25 physicians reported having favorite patients, often due to long-standing relationships and personal connections. Despite concerns about playing favorites, physicians strive to provide the best care for all their patients.
A single camera can capture high-quality facial performance using a new method developed by Disney Research, which takes into account the underlying facial anatomy and skin thickness. This approach allows for robust and accurate tracking of facial expressions without requiring multiple cameras or extensive pre-computed facial motions.
A recent review paper highlights the importance of choosing nutrient-dense, soft, and neutral-tasting foods for infants, with avocados emerging as a suitable first food solution. The study suggests that caregivers often opt for sweet foods, which can lead to early preferences and nutritional deficiencies.
A new study by NYU's Steinhardt School of Culture, Education, and Human Development found that patients who fell indoors had more chronic health conditions and were less likely to recover at home, whereas outdoor fallers were younger and healthier. The findings can inform targeted initiatives to lower the risk of falls in older adults.
Researchers discovered that lower-income children have less working memory capacity than their higher-income peers, affecting academic test scores. The study suggests a difference in how lower-income children tap into their working memory, which can be changed with training and better opportunities.
The US Energy Department has granted $2.5 million to Texas A&M AgriLife Research to explore ways to use biorefinery waste to produce marketable products, including bioplastics. The study aims to make biorefineries economically viable and sustainable.
Researchers propose using nudges to influence patients' decisions to enroll in trials, leveraging psychology and economics. Strategies include conveying participant numbers, default enrollment in low-risk trials, and financial incentives.
Researchers at UTHealth are using geographic information system technology and statistical software to analyze demographic and disease pattern data across Houston. This will help identify areas where mobile clinics could have the highest impact in target communities at the lowest cost.
Researchers at Mayo Clinic developed a new method to detect ovarian cancer recurrence using liquid biopsies from blood tests and DNA sequencing. This approach allows for earlier intervention and more effective individualized treatment by monitoring genetic changes in circulating cell-free DNA.
The University of Houston will launch a new effort to educate and support Latina mothers and families on postpartum depression, thanks to a $500,000 grant from the W.K. Kellogg Foundation. The two-year project aims to develop culturally responsive interventions to address the high risk of postpartum depression among Latina new moms.
Researchers investigated the effectiveness of neurorehabilitation treatments for individuals with brain injury or stroke, highlighting adaptable, measurable, and evidence-based therapies. Studies found that holistic neuropsychological rehabilitation can reduce reported symptoms and carer strain.
A recent study published in Neurology found that hormone therapy has a negligible impact on verbal memory and mental skills in postmenopausal women, with or without early treatment. The research suggests that healthy women at any stage after menopause should not take estrogen to improve their cognitive abilities.
A study published in The BMJ found that supervised exercise therapy is as effective as arthroscopic surgery in improving thigh muscle strength and knee function in middle-aged patients with degenerative meniscal tears. Researchers recommend considering structured exercise therapy as a treatment option for this type of knee damage.
Researchers at Yale University have created a novel system to encode, spot errors, decode and correct errors in a quantum bit, extending its lifetime more than three times longer than typical superconducting qubits. This breakthrough enables the use of Quantum Error Correction (QEC) for real computing.
Researchers at Bielefeld University developed an active chair as part of the KogniHome project, which uses a virtual avatar to lead family members in fitness exercises. The chair measures physical parameters like respiration and heart rate while monitoring healthy posture.
A new detailed map of the brain's cerebral cortex will aid researchers studying brain disorders and elucidate human uniqueness. The map divides both hemispheres into 180 areas based on physical and functional differences.
Researchers at Toyohashi University of Technology have developed a new garnet-type fast ionic conductor that can be used in all-solid-state lithium batteries. The material exhibits high lithium-ion conductivity and chemical stability, making it suitable for large-scale power sources.
A team of researchers and students at UCR developed a modular system of 3D-printed blocks to enable quick and easy creation of chemical and biological research instruments. The Multifluidic Evolutionary Components (MECs) can be used in various settings, including university labs, schools, and hospitals.
A new study has developed a methodology to analyze bacterial virulence factors and identify therapeutic targets for developing effective antimicrobial agents. The TREP approach was applied to Haemophilus influenzae, a respiratory pathogen that causes COPD symptoms, revealing potential blocking elements for invasion.
A meta-analysis of clinical trials found that aripiprazole significantly reduced total tics and tic severity in children with Tourette's disorder. The medication was safe, with common side effects including drowsiness and nausea.
A recent study has mapped 180 distinct areas in the human brain's outer mantle, or cortex, more than twice the number previously known. The researchers developed software that automatically detects the unique 'fingerprint' of each area in individual brain scans, with a nearly 97% detection rate.
The Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute (PCORI) has approved a $2.8 million research funding award to compare three methods for measuring blood pressure in confirming new hypertension cases. The study, led by Dr. Beverly Green, will evaluate the accuracy and acceptability of clinic BP, home BP, and kiosk BP measurements.
Researchers found that people's expected performance ratings were influenced by the performance of others, particularly in cooperative situations. The brain imaging data revealed two distinct regions involved in estimating one's own abilities and those of others.
A new analysis of over a century of literature reveals the life and journey of the word however, with common misuse as a synonym for but. Dr Andrew Hamilton's study shows that using however incorrectly has risen since World War II, often misusing it as a conjunction.
A new National Academies of Sciences, Engineering and Medicine report calls for a national framework to uniformly expand access to best-in-class support programs for struggling parents. The report, co-authored by Eric Dearing, aims to provide a comprehensive approach to supporting parents of young children.
Scientists studied Tropical Cyclone Abela using satellite data, which provided insights into its rainfall rates and cloud heights. The cyclone's low-level center was exposed due to wind shear, causing convective storms to form southeast of the center.
Researchers at TSRI have identified 79 potential molecules that activate the ATF6 arm of the UPR, a signaling network that enhances editing or protein quality control. The compounds mimic the normal activation of ATF6, leading to the generation of chaperone proteins that can help prevent misfolding events associated with disease.
USF researchers found vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) bacteria in untreated wastewater after a 2014 sewer line break, posing a public health threat. The bacteria can transfer resistance to other strains, fueling the growing problem of antibiotic resistance.