Researchers found that a specific enzyme is necessary to turn off genes after physical activity ceases, leading to faulty brain wiring and impaired learning. The inability to shut off these genes can affect motor skills and learning abilities, even in adults.
A new technology called BiCAP maps protein complexes in breast cancer cells, providing detailed understanding of the disease at a molecular level. This allows for better understanding of how cancer cells respond to drugs and may eventually lead to new targets for therapy.
Researchers at Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center developed a simple and versatile method using inkjet printing technology to test bacteria for susceptibility to antibiotics. The method has been shown to be accurate and reproducible, significantly decreasing the antimicrobial testing gap.
Researchers discover a derivative of [3]-radialene, a small planar molecule, which can be used to create organic semiconductors. The molecule increases the electrical conductivity of polymers by several tens and hundreds of times, paving the way for new organic solar cells and field-effect transistors.
Scientists mapped 1.2 million galaxies in a 3D map to study the properties of dark energy and its impact on the universe's expansion rate. The map reveals the effects of dark energy, allowing astronomers to measure the amount of matter and dark energy in the present-day universe.
A new study reveals that plant-eating ornithopod dinosaurs experienced four evolutionary bursts, with improved jaws and efficiency playing a key role. Despite rapid plant evolution during the Mesozoic, these herbivores remained successful, with some species even specializing in conifer digestion.
Scientists have created a four-step process to determine accurate signatures of human embryonic stem cells, relating them to precise developmental stages. The key steps involve analyzing transposable elements and DNA methylation state to assess pluripotency.
The Lancet report highlights how mass imprisonment of drug users is driving global epidemics of HIV, hepatitis, and tuberculosis. Scaling up opioid substitution therapy in prisons and after release could prevent over a quarter of new HIV infections among injecting drug users.
A study published in Frontiers in Psychology found that single individuals rate dissimilar faces as more attractive and sexy than self-resembling faces. In contrast, people in relationships tend to find faces resembling their own more attractive.
Rochester Institute of Technology's National Technical Institute for the Deaf has received a $30,000 grant to fund its Tech Girlz and Tech Boyz outreach programs. The program provides opportunities for deaf middle-school students to explore technology and build robots.
Researchers at the University of Alabama at Birmingham have identified a quality-control checkpoint in pre-B cells that restricts the range of antibodies produced by mature B cells. The discovery has potential implications for making vaccines more potent.
A recent study found that biodiversity loss is no longer within the safe limit in most parts of the world. The greatest changes have happened in areas where most people live, affecting physical and psychological wellbeing. Conservation efforts are needed to preserve remaining natural vegetation and restore human-used lands.
Researchers tag NYC rats with RFID microchips to study their daily activity and potential for transmitting disease. Initial results show distinct personalities and sex differences in rat behavior, offering a new insight into these elusive city dwellers.
A team of UBC researchers has determined that vineyards in the Okanagan region have a negative impact on soil quality, with differences in bacterial and fungal communities found between vineyard and natural habitats. This study highlights the importance of preserving soil biodiversity for sustainable wine production.
Researchers identify unique immune cells that enhance anti-tumor T cell responses in early-stage lung cancer. These hybrid neutrophils may help stimulate natural protection against tumor development.
Researchers at McGill University Health Centre have discovered a new genetic mutation linked to osteonecrosis of the hip, which could allow for early diagnosis and treatment. The TRPV4 gene mutation was found to be common among affected family members and absent in unaffected ones.
A team of scientists at UMass Medical School identified a long non-coding RNA called lincRNA-EPS, which regulates innate immunity and prevents inflammation. In mice lacking this RNA, inflammatory responses were increased, leading to toxic shock.
A new study found a strong association between red meat intake and increased risk of end-stage renal disease (ESRD), with soy and legumes appearing slightly protective. Substituting one serving of red meat with other protein sources can significantly reduce the risk of ESRD by up to 62%.
Researchers found that mice lacking orexin neurons are more sensitive to pain, while activating these neurons decreases pain-related behaviors. This suggests a link between wakefulness and the inability to feel pain.
A new method called MICSSS helps characterize human cells involved in immune responses at the tissue site, before and after treatment with immunotherapy. This technique enables views of co-expression of markers on the same cells while sparing material from tissues.
A team of researchers from TUM has identified a molecular signaling pathway for programmed cell death that is suppressed in leukemia cells. This discovery offers new insights into the mechanisms underlying cancer progression and may lead to targeted treatment options.
Researchers have discovered a 'smart' organic nanoparticle called PEARLs that uses heat and light to target and ablate tumours with greater precision. This innovation addresses two bottlenecks in photo-thermal therapy, enabling more effective treatment of cancer with minimal damage.
A new theropod dinosaur discovered in Patagonia has forelimbs most similar to those of T. rex, indicating independent evolution of this unusual trait. The study suggests that small T. rex-like arms may have evolved multiple times, adding evidence to the evolutionary history of these dinosaurs.
Researchers from OVC at the University of Guelph discovered a new way to boost immune responses against cancer by injecting oncolytic viruses into the spleen, bypassing traditional vaccine limitations. This breakthrough could lead to safer and more targeted cancer treatments for various types of cancer.
A study published in PLOS ONE found that a proto-Jê pit house in southern Brazil was continually occupied and extended over two centuries. The researchers used radiocarbon dating and Bayesian modeling to analyze the site, which revealed twelve well-preserved floors with different types of ceramics and renovation techniques.
Researchers found that new opioid use among older adults with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is associated with a significantly increased risk of respiratory-related complications and death. The study, published in the European Respiratory Journal, suggests that even lower-dose opioids may pose risks for this population.
The Bardarbunga caldera is the largest caldera formation ever observed, with an area of 110 square kilometers. The team used satellite images, seismological and geochemical data, GPS data, and modeling to study the event.
Researchers have discovered a genetic switch, microRNA mirR-125a, that can be used to increase the supply of stem cells from cord blood. This discovery could potentially increase the availability of stem cell transplants for cancer patients with no matching donors.
A novel compound has been identified as a potential treatment for Huntington's disease, exhibiting two separate neuroprotective activities by inhibiting SIRT2 and activating the NRF2 transcription factor. The study demonstrates promising results in cellular and animal models of HD.
Researchers at the University of Exeter have developed a system to predict excess monsoon rainfall or drought in central India, which can impact the national and global economy. This prediction tool has the potential to improve decision-making for policymakers and communities, ultimately mitigating the effects of extreme weather events.
Tropical Storm Celia weakened in the Eastern Pacific Ocean with NASA data showing strongest winds and storms shifted north of the center. The Global Precipitation Measurement satellite found rain falling at over 164 mm per hour within a feeder band, indicating significant convective activity.
Researchers discovered that protein pairs form feedback loops to store information in a cell's memory. The formation of these pairs is crucial for the cell's sensitivity to environmental stimuli and its ability to differentiate into specialized cells.
Researchers have discovered a breakthrough in scaling up life-changing stem cell production by using a protein derived from human blood, Inter-alpha inhibitor. This method enables faster and cheaper large-scale industrial production of human pluripotent stem cells without the need for costly biological substrates.
Global experts are calling on the UN to create and implement a four-part global action plan to reduce deaths due to limited access to antibiotics. The plan aims to improve access, monitor progress, mobilize resources, and coordinate multisectoral action to tackle antibiotic resistance.
Research from Michigan State University found that fathers' parenting-related stress has a direct impact on children's cognitive and language development, even after controlling for mothers' influences. Fathers' mental health also affects their children's behavior problems and social skills, particularly in later childhood.
A new study finds that most patients with advanced cancer report optimistic survival expectations despite clinicians' more conservative estimates. Patients from diverse backgrounds also show disparities in understanding their oncologists' opinions.
Researchers at Rice University have developed 'rivet graphene', a two-dimensional carbon material with enhanced strength and conductivity. The new material uses nanotubes to reinforce its structure, making it suitable for flexible and transparent electronics.
A new study reveals that a simple GAGA DNA sequence is essential for dosage compensation in insects, allowing males to achieve double gene expression on their X chromosome. This process likely evolved independently among different species and may be applicable to other animals, including mammals.
Researchers have identified a new class of molecules called selenocompounds that can kill multidrug-resistant cancer cells by blocking their defenses against chemotherapy drugs. The most active molecule worked almost four times better than the reference compound and induced cell suicide in cancer cells with similar potency.
A recent model-based study suggests that the current Zika epidemic in Latin America will likely peak within three years, with subsequent herd immunity preventing future outbreaks. The authors also emphasize the importance of targeted mosquito control measures, which may actually hinder herd immunity.
A new hypothesis proposes that soot ejected by the Chicxulub asteroid impact caused global cooling, drought, and limited photosynthesis in oceans. This rapid climate change is believed to have led to the mass extinction of dinosaurs and ammonites.
A new study from Imperial College London predicts that the current Zika epidemic in Latin America will burn itself out within two to three years due to herd immunity. The team's analysis also concludes that large-scale transmission is unlikely to restart for at least another ten years.
A new study reports that species integrity has dropped below the safe limit on 58% of Earth's land surface, threatening ecosystem services like crop pollination and waste decomposition. The Biodiversity Intactness Index reveals a global biodiversity loss of 84.6%, with nine terrestrial biomes surpassing the suggested threshold.
A 15-year study reveals that Luzon Island, in the Philippines, is home to 56 non-flying mammal species, 52 of which are unique to the island. The research team discovered 28 new species, including four tree-mice with extremely long whiskers and five shrew-like mice that feed on earthworms.
A £1.3m grant will enable Cardiff University and partners to further develop the LIPID MAPS resource, advancing global lipidomics research. The project aims to discover new lipids involved in disease processes and preserve a widely-used classification system.
Researchers directly measure real-time rock cracking and model sun-driven thermal stresses. They conclude that slow cracking by daily solar forces represents the majority of rock breakdown over deep geologic time. Rare events like freezing contribute to rapid crack growth, but only briefly surpassing the 'tortoise' effect.
Researchers at Duke University Medical Center discover that genetic mutations in pericyte cells lead to osteosarcoma and soft-tissue sarcoma. Activating beta catenin with lithium appears to limit cancer growth, offering new potential treatment options.
Researchers found a significant association between delirium and long-term cognitive decline in older surgical patients. The study, published in Alzheimer's & Dementia, suggests that delirium may serve as a marker for seniors with poor cognitive reserve.
A new study from The Ohio State University College of Public Health found that preschoolers who are regularly tucked into bed by 8 p.m. are far less likely to become obese teenagers than young children who go to sleep later in the evening. Bedtimes after 9 p.m. appeared to double the likelihood of obesity later in life.
A new study from Rice University found that patients' self-rated health is a strong predictor of morbidity and mortality, even stronger than blood tests and measurements. The researchers linked low self-rated health to high levels of herpesvirus activity and inflammation, which are associated with poor cellular immunity and disease.
A daily PrEP pill can reduce new HIV cases among men who have sex with men (MSM) by a third in the US over 10 years if guidelines are followed, according to a modeling study. The medication is highly effective in preventing HIV infection when used consistently.
Scientists developed guidelines to evaluate laboratory-generated stem cells, finding that no current methods produce truly naïve embryonic cells. The new criteria may aid researchers in achieving this goal, which could benefit both basic research and medical applications of stem cells.
Researchers have found a unique triple-bubble structure in the interstellar medium of galaxy M33, consisting of three concentric supernova shells. This discovery provides insights into the complex feedback processes that govern star formation and the dissemination of metals produced in massive stars.
The National Institute of Food and Agriculture (NIFA) is providing $8.3 million in funding for small businesses to develop advanced research projects. The Small Business Innovation Research program aims to stimulate technological innovations and strengthen federal research support for small businesses.
A recent study published in the American Journal of Transplantation found that gender matching is crucial for successful corneal transplants. Women who receive male donor corneas are more likely to experience rejection and failure, with a higher proportion of mismatched grafts failing or rejecting compared to female-to-female transplan...
Researchers at Hokkaido University have developed a new kind of hydrogel that bonds spontaneously and strongly to defected bones. The gel overcomes the problem of bonding with other surfaces by adding hydroxyapatite to its surface.
Researchers from KU Leuven show that surface composition and atmosphere interaction on exoplanets affect their temperature and habitability. A well-functioning 'air conditioning' system can make even planets with permanent day and night sides potentially habitable.
Researchers have used molecular dynamics simulations to study the spatial and temporal behavior of myoglobin, a protein involved in oxygen transport. The simulations provide insights into the underlying chemical structure and dynamics of metastable intermediates, shedding light on the protein's function.
Research suggests that prisoners are released without access to medications that control their illnesses, leading to a spike in viral loads and increased risk of transmission. Decreasing incarceration rates for people who inject drugs could reduce the burden of HIV among prisoners.
Preschoolers who go to bed by 8 p.m. are half as likely to become obese teenagers as those who turn in late, according to a study from The Ohio State University College of Public Health. Establishing an early bedtime routine can also have positive benefits on behavior and cognitive development.
Researchers developed a mathematical framework to identify key life cycle components driving population growth. This approach can be applied to existing data to provide more robust answers to demographic questions in ecology and evolution.
Scientists at NUS Cancer Science Institute discovered that phosphorylation of the tumour suppressor gene RUNX3 promotes cancer progression by allowing cell division. The study's findings suggest a potential way to increase the effectiveness of cancer therapy by targeting Aurora Kinase, an enzyme involved in the modification.
Researchers identified a key gene in vinegar flies responsible for their waterproof coating, which could provide a new way to control insect pests threatening agriculture and humans. By knocking out this gene, the insects lose their waxy coating and become more vulnerable to environmental stress.
A team of scientists has developed a model that can predict which bat species are most likely to transmit Ebola and other filoviruses. The study highlights new potential hosts and geographic hotspots worthy of surveillance, with the AI algorithm identifying potential carriers in Southeast Asia and Central and South America.
Researchers created a virtual tissue model of diabetes in the eye, predicting how a small protein causes vision loss and blindness. The study aims to develop new treatment methods for diabetic retinopathy, a leading cause of blindness worldwide.
The grant will support Columbia University's Precision Medicine Initiative and integrate special populations into translational research efforts. The Irving Institute aims to increase focus on precision medicine, develop translational therapeutics, and nurture a cadre of junior scientists with diverse backgrounds.
A modeling study suggests that e-cigarettes are likely to provide public health benefits for adults, particularly adolescents and young adults, who use them instead of smoking. The study found a 21% reduction in smoking-attributable deaths and 20% decrease in life years lost due to e-cigarette use.
A study found that weight loss through diet and exercise lowers angiogenesis-related protein levels in postmenopausal women. After 12 months, women in the diet arm and diet+exercise arm had significantly lower levels of these proteins compared to those in the control arm, suggesting a potential link between weight loss and reduced canc...
A study found that American black bears can recognize visual features of objects they know in real life when presented with photographs. This ability has important implications for the use of photographs in computerized studies involving bears and their welfare.
Researchers found that patients with a rare autoimmune disorder produce antibodies that limit immune-related diseases, including type 1 diabetes. These autoantibodies target proteins such as interferons and interleukins, potentially inhibiting the development of type 1 diabetes.
Researchers reviewing Zika's history highlight the need for better understanding of global spread and sustainable control strategies. Most people infected with Zika show no symptoms or minor ones like rashes, but prevention methods like mosquito spraying are crucial.
A new study has found that ocean warming is the primary cause of glacier retreat on the western Antarctic Peninsula, with 90% of glaciers retreating since records began. This finding will improve predictions of ice loss and sea-level rise, as the Peninsula contributes significantly to global sea levels.
A new Brown University study found that childcare centers in Rhode Island serving low-income children under the federal nutrition subsidy program serve healthier food than those outside the program. The study's lead author suggests that implementing nutritional guidelines and regulations can improve the quality of food served, particul...
Researchers aim to understand farmers' preferences for cover crop contracts, which could lead to higher adoption rates. Cover crops offer benefits like soil health improvement and nitrogen scavenging, but farmers often face constraints such as conflicting planting dates with cash crops.
Researchers developed a method to revert and maintain human ESCs in a naive state, closely resembling that of mouse ESCs. The team assembled a checklist of characteristics human ESCs must have to be considered naive, including gene expression, DNA methylation, and X chromosome inactivation.
Researchers at the University of Basel have identified a protein called gasdermin D that drives immune cells to pyroptosis, a form of programmed cell death. This process allows macrophages to burst open and expose pathogens, which can then be targeted by the immune system.
Researchers at UMass Amherst have partnered with Chemists Without Borders to create a low-cost test kit for measuring arsenic in rice crops. The team hopes the kit will provide consumers with information on exposure and encourage protective measures, such as rinsing or choosing different varieties.
The dengue virus protein NS1 disrupts the innermost layer of blood vessels, making them more permeable and causing leakage. This disruption leads to fluid accumulation in the lung, a major symptom of severe dengue disease.
Researchers found city birds exhibit higher levels of territorial aggression than rural counterparts, possibly due to limited space but better resources to defend. The study, published in Biology Letters, measured bird responses to simulated intrusions at urban and rural sites.
New research reveals that newborn ducklings can learn to identify and follow abstract relational concepts, such as 'same' and 'different', without reinforcement training. This ability was previously known only in highly intelligent animals like apes and parrots.
Researchers developed a method to measure how the brain responds to electrical stimulation, allowing for more effective deep brain stimulation treatment. This patient-specific approach uses phase response curves to predict and optimize stimulus patterns, potentially improving efficacy and reducing side effects.
A two-year study found that restricting calories by 25% in healthy non-obese individuals reduced markers of chronic inflammation without negatively affecting immune responses. Chronic inflammation is linked to age-related diseases such as cancer, heart disease, and dementia.
A newly released study analyzed the lives of 255 African and Asian elephants in 68 accredited North American zoos, revealing that social interactions and having an array of opportunities to engage with their surroundings may be more important for elephants than space. The research found that spending time alone was a risk factor for el...
Researchers at Stanford University School of Medicine have mapped out biological signals necessary to direct human embryonic stem cells to become pure populations of bone, heart muscle, and cartilage. The ability to generate these cell types quickly is a key step toward regenerative medicine.
Researchers genetically designed a new strain of bacteria to produce extremely thin and highly conductive wires made from non-toxic natural amino acids. The resulting biowire has a conductivity that rivals many chemically produced organic nanowires, with potential applications in biocompatible sensors, computing devices, and solar panels.
A study published in Cancer Research found that obese women who lost weight through diet or exercise significantly lowered levels of angiogenesis-related proteins in their blood. This suggests a potential link between weight loss and reduced cancer risk, although further research is needed to confirm the association.
Researchers at UW-Madison and Purdue University have solved the atomic structure of rhinovirus C, a cold virus linked to severe asthma and respiratory infections in children. The findings provide a foundation for future antiviral drug and vaccine development against the virus.
A team of physicists and astronomers has created the largest-ever three-dimensional map of distant galaxies to measure dark energy's effects on the universe's expansion. The Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (BOSS) program reveals the structure of the universe over 650 cubic billion light years.
The Nurses' Health Study has made significant advances in risk prediction for cancer, while also guiding recommendations from the US Surgeon General on smoking's adverse health effects. The study's findings have led to changes in regulation, such as reduced heart disease and diabetes risk associated with trans fats.
A study found that older women with facial injuries are more likely to experience facial fractures, particularly those over 60. Black women were less likely to suffer facial fractures compared to white and Asian women.
Researchers at Kumamoto University discovered a new method for drastically changing the color and fluorescence of a compound using oxygen and hydrogen gases. The technique uses energy from gases themselves, producing only water as a byproduct and has potential applications in detection sensors and organic semiconductors.
A new study by AAA Foundation for Traffic Safety reveals that nearly 80% of drivers experience significant anger or aggression while driving. The research estimates that approximately eight million U.S. drivers engage in extreme examples of road rage, including physical confrontations with other drivers.
NASA's RapidScat instrument measured strong winds in Hurricane Darby reaching 67 mph near its center, with tropical-storm-force winds extending up to 150 miles from the center.
A study found that nearly all cancer patients overestimate their chances of survival compared to their doctors' estimates. The researchers emphasize the importance of accurate communication between physicians and patients in making informed treatment decisions.
A new discovery has identified cell markers to target HIV reservoirs, opening new treatment perspectives. The study found that using antibodies specifically binding to these markers could destroy HIV reservoirs and potentially cure infected individuals by allowing them to stop antiretroviral therapy.
Scientists have discovered that zebrafish are susceptible to arthritis, mirroring the condition in humans and other mammals. The study uses zebrafish as a model to accelerate therapeutic research into preventing or easing osteoarthritis.
A recent study published in Science found that early farming populations had deep genetic differences, indicating distinct ancestries. The research identified similarities between Neolithic farmer's DNA and living people from southern Asia, suggesting a federal origin of farming.
Scientists developed a novel algorithm to predict synergistic antifungal drug combinations for treating drug-resistant fungal infections. The algorithm, NLLSS, integrates various information types and experimentally validated 7 out of 13 predicted combinations for Candida albicans, providing new treatment options.
A new study found that constant artificial lighting leads to severe disruption of health parameters in mice, including pro-inflammatory activation of the immune system, muscle loss, and early signs of osteoporosis. However, the effects are reversible when the environmental light-dark cycle is restored.
A Johns Hopkins University study finds that areas with high income inequality have fewer good jobs for young adults, leading them to start families without getting married first. The study of 9,000 millennials found that women and men who didn't graduate from college had a higher likelihood of having children outside of marriage.
Researchers identified a limit where dehydration kills cells due to trehalose network rigidity and mechanical force. The study suggests a new working hypothesis for cell injury during dry preservation.
A recent study published in Science reveals that populations in the ancient Fertile Crescent are the ancestors of modern-day South Asians, but not of Europeans. The earliest farmers from the Zagros mountains in Iran showed a genetically distinct group that only very distantly related to the first farmers of western Anatolia and Europe.
Research from Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute shows that cell recycling in the intestine is crucial for healthy aging, leading to longer lifespans.
Scientists at UC Davis reveal how cells control DNA synthesis in mitochondria and couple it to mitochondrial division. This fundamental discovery has far-reaching implications for understanding cell functions, aging, and a range of diseases.
A new study suggests that donor and recipient gender incompatibility may lead to poorer corneal transplant outcomes for women. Incompatible grafts were found to fail or be rejected more frequently in men-to-female mismatched transplants, highlighting the importance of gender matching in improving patient success rates.
A research team led by Florida State University Professor Scott Steppan has cataloged 56 non-flying mammal species on Luzon Island, 52 of which are endemic to the island. The team's findings reveal exceptional diversity and suggest that there may be many more species in other tropical regions.
A team of researchers has obtained detailed structural information on KDM5 histone demethylase inhibitors, which could inform the design of more potent and selective anticancer drugs. The study found that these inhibitors can stop the growth of certain breast cancer cells, particularly those with specific genetic markers.
Researchers at ETH Zurich have developed a new method for extracting the content of single living cells, enabling scientists to study individual cells at the molecular level. The technique allows for precise extraction of intracellular material, preserving live cells for repeated sampling and analysis.
The new report explores how radiologists can succeed in the new payment landscape under MACRA. It provides a historical context for payment reform and describes the recent MACRA legislation, its impacts on payment, and organizations influencing its evolution.
Researchers have found cold snaps in sub-tropical ecosystems and droughts in rainforests due to human influence. The study also explores new relationships among species arising from global changes, highlighting the need for understanding ecosystem structure and function.
Researchers argue that MDMA's molecular targets could lead to new treatments for disorders like autism and PTSD with less abuse liability. Studies have shown some promise in treating PTSD, aiding patients in forming a stronger bond with a therapist.
A study found that parvalbumin-interneurons in the amygdala regulate emotional reactivity by suppressing surrounding neurons. This inhibitory plasticity is a normal consequence of memory encoding, but dysregulation may lead to hyperexcitability and pathological fear expression.
A recent study published in the Journal of Applied Psychology found that team training can significantly improve healthcare outcomes, including reducing patient mortality by 15% and medical errors by 19%. Team training has been shown to enhance communication, cooperation, and problem-solving skills among healthcare staff.
A study by Brain State Technologies found that young athletes with long-term concussion symptoms showed significant improvements after using HIRREM neurotechnology. The athletes experienced durable changes in heart rate variability, suggesting enhanced capacity for rapid adaptive adjustments in their pumping function.
City Connects, a Boston College initiative, has received a $300k grant to expand its 'whole child' support services, addressing poverty's negative effects on education. Research shows the program improves student grades, test scores, and long-term academic success.
Researchers measured oxygen content in ancient atmosphere trapped in halite (rock salt) and found it to be a key component in determining the origin and evolution of higher life forms. The discovery has applications beyond origins of life, including tracking atmospheric changes and finding economic metal deposits.
Researchers found that pre-stroke risk factors, including high blood pressure, diabetes, and smoking, significantly influence future stroke and dementia risk. After one year post-stroke, survivors retain a high risk of recurrent strokes or dementia for at least five years.
Researchers sequenced whole genomes and epigenomes of 1,001 Arabidopsis plants to illuminate evolutionary history and interaction between genetic and epigenetic variation. The study found that approximately 25% of genes exhibit diversity in their methylation state, with correlations to climate and geographic location.
Scientists sequenced DNA from early Neolithic skeletons and found a previously uncharacterized population in Iran's Zagros region. The Zargos-based farmers' genetic sequences resemble modern-day Pakistani and Afghan populations, suggesting they split from ancient Anatolian genomes over 40,000 years ago.
Researchers discovered that bacteria divide asymmetrically when exposed to stress, accumulating defects in some individuals while others remain young and healthy. This collective behavior allows the bacterial colony to stay young, produce more offspring, and maintain overall health.
Scientists use iDISCO clearing method to visualize brain tissue from deceased patients with Alzheimer's disease, exposing nonrandom structures of beta amyloid plaques. This breakthrough finding may lead to new targeted drugs and a better understanding of the relationship between plaque presence and disease severity.
Rochester Institute of Technology professors Carlos Lousto and Manuela Campanelli have won separate grants worth $600,000 and $435,000 to advance gravitational wave astronomy. The funding will support research on black hole mergers and develop software tools for computational astrophysics.
A study found that reintroducing cougars to the Eastern US could lower deer-vehicle collision rates by 22%, preventing five human fatalities and 680 injuries annually. This would also save $50 million in costs over 30 years, as large cats thin deer populations.
Scientists warn that tropical cyclones will become stronger as temperatures rise due to a decrease in aerosols. This trend has been masked by air pollution, but is expected to become apparent in the future. Computer models predict an increase in intense storms and coastal flooding.
A University of Washington study suggests that racially based fear plays a role in public support for policing reforms. Participants who viewed police officers as threatening were more likely to support reformed policing practices, while those who saw black men as threatening were less supportive.
A new study found that subjecting female soccer players to negative stereotypes about their abilities reduced their dribbling speed significantly. The researchers discovered no significant relationship between reading negative stereotypes and flow or worry, but found that girls who felt more worried spent less time on the task.
Ecologists have identified 21 bat species that are likeliest to harbor Ebola and other filoviruses, primarily found in Southeast Asia and Central and South America. The study suggests targeted disease surveillance efforts in these regions to prevent future outbreaks.
Researchers found that newly hatched ducklings can distinguish same and different objects without training, demonstrating relational concept learning. This ability to identify logical relationships increases a young duckling's chances of recognizing its mother and siblings in the wild.
The Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology published a special issue commemorating the 25th anniversary of Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) technology. OCT has revolutionized eye disease diagnosis and treatment, enabling early detection of devastating conditions like age-related macular degeneration and glaucoma.