The study found good protection against meningococcal disease in vaccinated individuals, but no overall reduction in bacterial carriage. The findings highlight the importance of individual vaccination and identify high-risk behaviors associated with bacterial transmission.
A team of researchers developed a formula to make consistently tasty espresso while reducing waste and saving money. By using less coffee at a coarser grind and brewing faster with less water, the approach saves coffee shops 13 cents per drink and reduces waste by 25%.
Researchers at Binghamton University found that wearing orange shirts resulted in more water anoles being seen per hour and a higher capture percentage. Contrary to expectations, green shirts were less effective than bright orange, highlighting the complexity of animal color perception.
A study found that adopting a plant-based diet in New Zealand could reduce greenhouse gas emissions by 4-42% annually, improve population health, and save the healthcare system NZD $14 to $20 billion over time. The research also highlights the importance of reducing food waste and promoting climate-friendly eating patterns.
Scientists at the University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine have created a biodegradable nerve guide that can regenerate long sections of damaged nerves without stem cells or donor nerves. The technology has been tested in monkeys and shown promising results, including restored nerve conduction and replenished Schwann cells.
Chelsea Heveran and her team have developed a novel approach to make building materials alive, using photosynthetic bacteria called Synechococcus. The self-healing bricks can be replicated and reused, reducing the need for cement and other chemicals.
Researchers at Peter the Great St.Petersburg Polytechnic University calculated frequencies of electronic transitions in argon isotope and found nonlinear effects stronger than expected
A new study published in Neurology found that young black and Latino people are less likely to be disabled or die within three months after a hemorrhagic stroke. The study, which involved 418 participants, found significant differences in recovery rates among racial and ethnic groups.
Research led by Duke Health finds wide swings in young adult blood pressure readings increase cardiovascular disease risk by middle age. The study suggests ignoring variability in blood pressure readings may mask an early warning sign of heart disease.
Researchers have discovered a unique CO2 hotspot in the ocean, with readings of up to 95,000 parts per million. The site, known as Soda Springs, is being studied for its potential to understand how coral reefs cope with climate change.
The decomposition of organic matter in permafrost soil during winter months can release substantial amounts of CO2 into the atmosphere, exceeding summer uptake. By 2100, this could increase by 41% if current greenhouse gas emissions continue.
Researchers at UCSB have developed an electrochemical method for extracting uranium from solution, using carboranes as a key component. This technology enables efficient and reliable capture and release of uranium ions, with potential applications in nuclear waste reprocessing and seawater uranium extraction.
Researchers found that Western sign languages have DNA traces from 5 European locations, including Austrian, British, French, Spanish, and Swedish. The study used genetic techniques to analyze data from dozens of sign languages, revealing a clearer picture of their evolution and historical development.
Researchers at Texas A¸M University have formulated a new recipe to prevent weaknesses in modern-day armor. By adding a tiny amount of silicon to boron carbide, they discovered that bullet-resistant gear could be made substantially more resilient to high-speed impacts.
Despite decreasing ozone concentrations in the air, plants' ozone uptake trends don't follow suit. FSU researchers tracked ozone uptake into plants over 10 years at 30 test sites and found that environmental factors like weather conditions have a greater impact on plant ozone dose than atmospheric ozone concentration.
Researchers developed a bioactive peptide that coats tooth surfaces to prevent cavities and heal existing ones. The peptide inhibits bacterial adhesion and promotes remineralization, offering a potential new strategy for treating tooth decay.
Scientists reactivated resting immune cells infected with HIV or SIV, allowing viruses to be neutralized by anti-HIV drugs and the immune system. The study uses a compound called AZD5582, which activates latent cells without causing toxicity.
A three-year qualitative study found that resolving tensions between sustainability and mainstream strategies increases their legitimacy. Managers prioritized sustainability over competitive actions, with worker commitment crucial to its success.
The study reveals new insights into the origins of Bantu languages, previously unknown populations, and human migration patterns. The ancient DNA sequences from west and central Africa enhance our understanding of the deep ancestral relationships among populations in sub-Saharan Africa.
A new study led by the University of Göttingen calls into question the sustainability claims made by large corporations like Michelin regarding rubber production. The researchers found that local villagers' reports indicated land-ownership, ecosystems, and biodiversity suffered due to deforestation and poor pay conditions.
A new study reveals that the 2019-nCoV coronavirus likely originated from a combination of a bat coronavirus and an unknown coronavirus, with recombination allowing cross-species transmission to humans via snakes. This finding highlights the importance of understanding viral origins for effective control of emerging outbreaks.
A team of researchers created the first cellular model of chronic granulomatous disease (CGD), a rare genetic condition that causes severe infections. The study's findings suggest that restoring NADPH oxidase function in defective cells could help develop new and more effective treatment strategies.
Researchers at Northwestern University discovered that injecting nanoparticles into the bloodstream can significantly reduce brain swelling and damage after a traumatic brain injury. The treatment may provide new hope for individuals with significant traumatic brain injuries, including young athletes and soldiers.
Dr. Dani Dumitriu, a pediatrician and neuroscientist, has been honored with the SPR's New Member Outstanding Science Award for her high-quality scientific research and contributions to pediatric academia. She is recognized for developing innovative avenues for retaining physician-scientists in basic research.
A recent study led by JGI uncovered a broad diversity of large and giant viruses belonging to the NCLDV supergroup. The genomes of these viruses are significantly larger than previously known, with some being up to 100 times the size of typical viruses.
Researchers found that stress activates nerves that release norepinephrine, which causes premature depletion of pigment-producing cells. This leads to permanent damage and loss of stem cells, resulting in gray hair. The study advances understanding of stress impact on the body and paves way for new treatments.
Researchers successfully trapped an electromagnetic wave in a gallium arsenide nanoresonator for a record-breaking time exceeding 200 periods of one wave oscillation. The study demonstrates the potential for efficient light frequency nanoconversion and applications in compact sensors, night vision devices, and optical data transmission.
A pilot study conducted by INRS researchers highlights the effect of chemotherapy on male fertility before and after puberty. The study found that all patients were at higher risk of infertility due to low sperm production, regardless of age at diagnosis.
A new study suggests that injection drug users prescribed controlled-release hydromorphone are three times more likely to develop endocarditis than those prescribed other opioids. The findings also highlight the role of equipment used in preparing the medication as a source of bacterial contamination.
A new model of community-based wellness called Person-centered Wellness Home (PCWH) helps patients manage chronic diseases and maintain wellness. The study found improvements in self-reported physical functioning and empowerment through personalized health records.
A high-resolution catalog of earthquakes from the 2019 Ridgecrest sequence reveals complex rupturing and crosscutting fault structures. The catalog helps researchers understand the triggering and evolution of the sequence, shedding light on the physics and processes involved.
A study found that positive vaping hashtags are used 10,000 times more often than an FDA awareness campaign hashtag on Instagram, indicating the limited impact of the campaign. Vaping posts received nearly three times more 'likes' after the campaign launch and were associated with higher nicotine concentrations.
A study published in PLOS ONE found that carcasses of dead deer have a positive effect on biodiversity in the Oostvaardersplassen nature reserve. Plants near carcasses grew five times larger, attracting more insects and predators. The researchers call for relaxing regulations to allow dead large grazers to remain, benefiting other natu...
Researchers have developed a coating that releases water vapor to dissipate heat from running devices, outperforming existing strategies in cooling efficiency. The coating uses metal organic frameworks (MOFs) and can absorb moisture from the air, providing effective cooling and quick recovery.
Researchers developed a synthetic conduit that bridges large nerve gaps, supporting recovery and accelerating neuronal healing. The device boosts nerve regeneration and improves motor skills in macaques, showing superior recruitment of cells that insulate nerves.
A Houston Methodist study found that using long-acting local anesthetics and scheduled non-narcotic pain medication reduced opioid prescriptions from 87% to 10% after surgery. The program successfully managed pain after surgery using over-the-counter pain medication, decreasing the chance of patients becoming addicted to narcotics.
A new longitudinal study shows a link between multiple metabolic disorders in mothers during pregnancy and children's body mass indexes later in life. The study found that when a mother experiences both gestational diabetes and preeclampsia, the child has an increased risk of high childhood BMI over time.
Researchers at Université libre de Bruxelles discover oldest known mushroom fossil, dating back 715-810 million years, using advanced molecular analysis techniques. The findings suggest that fungi played a crucial role in the colonization of Earth's surface around 500 million years ago.
A study by Krista Wigginton and colleagues found that urine-derived fertilizer loses 99% of its ability to confer resistance on soil bacteria after incubation. This suggests that upcycling urine is unlikely to transfer antibiotic resistance, reducing the environmental impact of this sustainable practice.
Researchers from Dresden and Osaka present a pioneering active matrix magnetic sensor system that overcomes the obstacle of interconnecting individual sensors. The system consists of organic thin-film transistors integrated within a single platform, demonstrating high magnetic sensitivity and robustness against mechanical deformation.
A comprehensive roadmap has been established to evaluate and implement ivermectin as a complementary vector control tool against malaria. The roadmap aims to decrease malaria transmission by targeting the vector population, bypassing challenges of insecticide resistance and residual transmission.
Researchers have identified several potentially useful breast cancer biomarkers that indicate the presence and risk of malignancy. PET/MRI imaging revealed differences in biomarkers between healthy contralateral breast tissue of patients with malignant and benign breast tumors.
A new study led by the University of Washington found improvement in trauma-related symptoms among Kenyan and Tanzanian children after receiving community-based mental health treatment. The approach, which trained laypeople as counselors, showed sustained benefits over a year after therapy.
A new randomized controlled trial found that the guided self-help intervention SH+ significantly reduced psychological distress and improved functioning, depression, and wellbeing among South Sudanese female refugees. The intervention was highly acceptable to participants, with 80% attending all five sessions.
Research finds that poor mental health can both cause and effect school exclusion, with early intervention crucial for preventing exclusion and improving outcomes. Children who were excluded from school often had poor mental health and faced family adversity.
Researchers develop model to investigate Candida auris spread, finding it grows faster and colonizes skin exceptionally well. The study establishes a new strategy to prevent biofilm formation, which may lead to new strategies to target the pathogen.
A research team at the University of the Basque Country is using genetic analysis to identify human remains from the Spanish Civil War and dictatorship. By comparing DNA samples from remains with those from family members, they are able to determine the profile of the remains and gather enough information to enable identification.
A novel principle of organisation has been discovered in the spinal cord, which coordinates locomotion by forming three recurrent rhythm-generating circuit modules acting as gears. This discovery provides new insights into how brain commands are translated into rhythmic and appropriately paced locomotion.
A team of researchers from the University of Portsmouth has discovered that using fewer coffee beans ground more coarsely can lead to a stronger, more consistent espresso. This method reduces costs while maintaining quality, with potential savings estimated at over $1.1 billion annually.
A multicenter study found that both simple and advanced computed tomography (CT) can accurately predict which stroke patients will benefit from endovascular thrombectomy. Patients with favorable imaging profiles on both CT and CT perfusion had higher odds of receiving endovascular therapy and improved functional independence rates.
Scientists have discovered a potential way to halt blinding macular degeneration by targeting an enzyme called Dicer, which is lost with age and leads to damage in the retina. The approach uses gene therapy to restore the enzyme, offering a new treatment option for both dry and wet forms of AMD.
Researchers in the Borexino collaboration have extracted a signal of geoneutrinos coming from the Earth's mantle with improved statistical significance. The results provide lower limits for uranium and thorium abundances in the Earth's mantle, indicating radioactive decay processes generate more than half of the Earth's internal heat.
A team of researchers found that using fewer coffee beans and grinding them more coarsely can produce a consistent and strong espresso. This approach could lead to economic gains for cafes and sustainability benefits for the industry.
Bacterial autoimmunity occurs when the CRISPR-Cas system targets viral DNA incorporated into the host genome, leading to damaging autoimmunity. The absence of this key immune system can be beneficial for bacterial survival and proliferation. Anti-CRISPR proteins also provide protection for the host by disabling its immune system.
A new study from Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons found that non-medical cannabis use is significantly more common in adults with pain than those without pain. Adults with moderate to severe pain are at a higher risk for frequent non-medical cannabis use and cannabis use disorder.
The European Parliament has launched a new report on radioligand therapy, highlighting its potential to improve targeted cancer care. The report identifies barriers to adoption and recommends increasing multidisciplinary care and boosting real-world data collection.
A pilot programme has been launched in Greater Manchester pharmacies to provide personalized support to patients with depression or anxiety. The AMPLIPHY service enables pharmacists to guide patients in setting their own goals and objectives, aiming to improve treatment outcomes and patient safety.
Research from Stanford University found that climate change could cause the loss of over a quarter of ectomycorrhizal fungal species in North American pine forests. The study projected how climate change might affect fungal diversity, with some regions experiencing significant decreases and others gains.
Researchers have identified a genetic signaling pathway that limits tissue growth in planarian flatworms, allowing for precise regeneration and repair. The mob4 gene suppresses tissue growth by preventing the production of Wnt, a protein involved in cancer cell regeneration.
Researchers successfully used deep-sea osmolyte trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) to control biomolecular machines over a wide temperature range. TMAO suppresses thermal denaturation of kinesins in a concentration-dependent manner, allowing them to propel microtubules for a prolonged time.
Researchers at Stanford University have developed a new kind of cancer drug inspired by antiviral treatments. Tests in mice show that these drugs can shrink tumors and prevent their spread, targeting cellular processes used by both viruses and some cancer cells.
A systematic review of observational studies found that industry funding of patient groups is common, with estimates ranging from 20% to 83%. Few patient groups have formal policies governing corporate sponsorship, and financial transparency is inadequate. The researchers call for greater transparency in reporting industry funding and ...
New research finds that Americans perceive the likelihood of a nuclear weapon detonating on US soil as a coin toss, with younger generations being more apathetic about nuclear topics. Media use plays a significant role in shaping perceptions, particularly among Millennials and Gen Z.
A new study reveals that almost every aspect of life is disrupted by a loss of smell, including personal hygiene, sex intimacy, and social relationships. Sufferers experience negative emotions, feelings of isolation, and impaired daily functioning.
A new study by USGS and Dickinson College researchers provides valuable information on optimizing search methods and locations for detecting invasive brown treesnakes at low densities. The study revealed that snake behavior is the primary cause of low detection rates, allowing teams to target areas more precisely during survey efforts.
Research by North Carolina State University's Rich McLaughlin team found that tilling and adding amendments to soil can greatly improve infiltration rates, reducing runoff and water pollution. Grasses and wildflowers also showed promise in improving infiltration, with wildflowers potentially providing additional benefits for pollinators.
A study by University of Pittsburgh researchers found that the expansion of health insurance coverage in Massachusetts led to a 7% decline in advanced stage colorectal cancer diagnoses. This early diagnosis increase is attributed to increased access to screening and diagnostic services.
Research reveals that domesticated wheat originated from the interbreeding of wild emmer wheat with cultivated varieties in southeast Turkey. This process occurred around 9,500 years ago, contradicting earlier theories of a single origin point.
Researchers found that measuring anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) levels can predict when a woman's final menstrual period will occur. AMH serves as an indicator of remaining egg supply, decreasing with age. This new test allows for more accurate predictions within 12 to 24 months in women's late 40s and early 50s.
Climate change is likely to unlock dangerous new microbes and threaten humans' ability to regulate body temperature. Rising temperatures pose a threat to humanity's thermoregulation and survival.
Scientists at UChicago discovered a previously unknown mechanism where RNA itself affects DNA transcription using a chemical process. This breakthrough has significant implications for understanding human disease and drug design.
Researchers have observed 'quantum depletion' in a non-equilibrium Bose-Einstein condensate, discovering that 'light-like' condensates don't behave as expected. The team detected 'ghost excitations' arising from quantum depletion, resolving a long-standing problem in exciton-polariton condensates.
Scientists at Tokyo Tech and Kyoto University create a PVA-BPA complex that allows boron to remain in cancer cells for longer periods, reducing the need for continuous infusion. This method enhances anti-cancer activities of BNCT and offers a simple solution for drug delivery
A recent study published in Clinical Infectious Disease found that full influenza vaccination among children reduces the risk of hospitalization associated with influenza by 54%. The study, conducted in Israel, tested the effectiveness of childhood vaccination against influenza and risk of hospitalization due to complications.
Rice University has received a $6 million grant from the Cancer Prevention and Research Institute of Texas to bolster its growing biosciences initiative. Synthetic biologist Caroline Ajo-Franklin will lead the effort, exploring biological-inorganic interfaces and developing sensors to monitor chemotherapy agents in real-time.
Researchers at POSTECH have discovered the key to strong underwater mussel adhesion, finding that Dopa and Lysine molecules work together in a synergistic effect. Their study used molecular biology techniques to analyze adhesive proteins in mussels and confirmed two molecules with strong adhesion even in underwater conditions.
Researchers at Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory have developed a chemical compound, UBP1700, that inhibits certain NMDARs while allowing others to function. This allows for the precise investigation of NMDAR activity in both healthy and diseased brains.
Researchers used a non-targeted approach to identify 64 previously unknown chemicals in Puget Sound, including pesticides and pharmaceuticals. The team found eight concerning chemicals at potentially hazardous concentrations that require further investigation.
A team of researchers at the University of Toronto has confirmed the presence of a specialized sheep-hunting camp in prehistoric Lebanon, dating back to the Pre-Pottery Neolithic A period. The site, located in the Anti-Lebanon mountain range, shows that sheep were the primary game hunted by its temporary inhabitants.
Researchers developed self-moisturising smart contact lenses to tackle dry eye syndrome, a common problem associated with contact lens wear. The new system uses electroosmotic flow to maintain moisture levels, powered by biobatteries and showing promise for future applications.
Researchers at the University of Pittsburgh propose a system called 'EasyPass' that uses existing wireless channels to create extra opportunities for lag-free connections in IoT devices. Lab tests demonstrate a 90% reduction in data transmission delay and up to 2.5 Mbps throughput.
Researchers at Ben-Gurion University and The Hebrew University of Jerusalem developed a powerful tool that streamlines the development of disease therapies, transforming a multi-year process into just a few days. The new approach simultaneously evaluates thousands of mutations in protein-protein complexes, increasing understanding of m...
The GW Cancer Center is conducting a phase II clinical trial examining the safety and effectiveness of Libtayo in reducing tumor size and preventing recurrence in high-risk cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma. The study aims to enroll over 75 participants and build on preliminary results from similar trials.
A guided self-help approach was safe and effective in reducing psychological distress and improving functioning among female South Sudanese refugee women living in Uganda. The intervention resulted in meaningful improvements in symptoms of depression, PTSD, and explosive anger, with benefits seen across different trauma histories and l...
Researchers discovered how an antibiotic, vancomycin, forms a mucoadhesive complex with gut mucins, trapping it and prolonging its exposure to the infectious microbe. This finding could lead to delayed transit of the antibiotic, improving its effectiveness in treating debilitating gut infections like PE.
Researchers at SISSA developed a new method to characterize RNA's different configurations, combining experimental data and simulations to study dynamic molecular systems. The approach identifies dominant and minority structures, shedding light on the molecule's role in protein synthesis regulation.
A special issue of Restorative Neurology and Neuroscience reports remarkable progress in treating conditions of partial blindness. Research explores various aspects of vision loss due to diseases like glaucoma or optic neuropathy, with a focus on stop-cell death and induce regeneration to restore vision.
A study by Florida Atlantic University found that 75% of green sea turtles with fibropapillomatosis did not survive rehabilitation despite tumor removal surgery. Tumors often regrew within 46 days, leading to prolonged rehabilitation times.
Bone mineral density (BMD) and finite element analysis (FEA) reflect actual femur strength, making them effective surrogate markers for hip bone strength. These estimates predict hip fracture risks, potentially leading to shorter and less expensive clinical trials.
A study found that adult exposure to chickenpox is associated with a lower risk of developing shingles, but the protective effect does not last forever. The researchers suggest that previous assumptions about childhood varicella vaccination policy in the UK may need to be revisited.
A new study found that women who breastfed their infants exclusively had a lower risk of early menopause compared to those who did not. The study, which observed over 108,000 women, also found that longer breastfeeding times were associated with a lower risk of early menopause.
A new study by the University of Michigan finds that aged urine can be used as a fertilizer with low risks of transferring antibiotic resistant DNA. The 'aging' process deactivates 99% of antibiotic resistant genes in bacteria, making it a promising alternative to traditional fertilizers.
The European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC) has updated its risk assessment for Europe due to the ongoing novel coronavirus outbreak. The agency warns that further global spread is likely, with a moderate likelihood of imported cases being detected in EU/EEA countries. Adherence to infection prevention and control pra...
A team of international researchers has discovered ancient DNA from West Africa, providing new insights into the deep past of humankind. The study reveals that West Africans are genetically closer to central African hunter-gatherers than Bantu-speakers today.
A new high-throughput method has revealed metals previously undetected in 3-D protein structures, correcting up to half of the errors in global repository of protein structures called PDB.
An international team sequenced the genomes of 78 individuals from five indigenous groups in Mexico to understand the demographic history and genetic variation of pre-Hispanic populations. They identified 120,735 single nucleotide variants and found that certain genes were associated with adaptation to physical endurance and other traits.
Research from UVM and MITRE shows that near-light-speed differences in stock prices create opportunities for latency arbitrage, costing investors at least $2 billion annually. High-frequency traders exploit faster information systems to buy stocks at better prices and sell them quickly, resulting in significant profits.
A new study predicts 13 million US residents will be forced to relocate due to rising sea levels by 2100. Cities like Atlanta, Houston and Denver are expected to experience significant population growth, with effects on jobs, housing prices and infrastructure.
A study published in PLOS ONE reveals that prehistoric Italian communities traded copper across complex networks, with most coming from Tuscany. Non-Tuscan copper was also a significant import to the region, contributing to a growing picture of independent metal exchange networks.
A new study proposes that the first building blocks of life on Earth were not uniform but rather patchwork molecules containing bits of RNA and DNA. The 'RNA World' hypothesis has been revised to suggest a Frankenstein-like beginning, with RNA emerging from a mixture of nucleotides.
A Tel Aviv University study finds two writers composed 31 of 100 inscriptions from 8th-century BCE Samaria, providing insights into the logistical infrastructure of the kingdom of Israel and limited literacy rates in the early eighth century BCE.
A protein found in the bran of foxtail millet has been shown to reduce plaque buildup and inflammation in mice with genetic predispositions to atherosclerosis. The study suggests that this natural compound may have great potential in preventing and treating heart disease.
Researchers identified a highly competitive bacterium in the gut microbiota that protects against enteric pathogens. This discovery offers new avenues for developing antibiotic-free treatments.
Scientists at Curtin University have discovered the Yarrabubba crater, dated to 2.229 billion years ago, coinciding with the end of a global deep freeze known as Snowball Earth. The research suggests that the asteroid impact may have influenced global climate by vaporizing ice and releasing greenhouse gases.
A new geochemical model suggests that Enceladus' subsurface ocean may be habitable due to chemical reactions at its seafloor, which could provide energy sources for life. The study reveals a complex core structure with diverse environments, including hydrothermal vents and carbonated rocks.
Scientists investigate three 67 million year old oviraptorid egg fossils, determining that the embryos were at different developmental stages and likely hatched at different times. The findings suggest a unique nesting biology similar to modern birds, challenging previous assumptions about oviraptorids.
In 2019, the pharmaceutical industry approved 48 new medicines, including treatments for various cancers, sickle cell disease, and migraines. The majority of these drugs had novel mechanisms of action, such as antibody-drug conjugates and small interfering RNA.
A randomized controlled trial found that the ACE method was as effective as a specialist stop smoking service in quitting smoking. The study's results suggest that ACE may offer a viable cost-effective alternative for public-funded healthcare settings.
Researchers have successfully disrupted viral latency in monkeys and mice, a crucial step towards an HIV cure. The approach uses a combination of immune stimulation and depletion to reactivate the dormant virus, offering new avenues for treatment.
Researchers discovered that two types of 'kinesin' molecular motors coordinate differently, with kinesin-1 working independently and kinesin-14 interacting to tune transport speed. This breakthrough expands understanding of cellular processes and basic life functions.
A recent study discovered a connection between glioma cells expressing the protein TAU and better patient outcomes. The presence of TAU helped regulate blood vessel formation, contributing to tumor aggression. Researchers suggest TAU levels could serve as a biomarker for tumor progression in IDH1/2 mutant gliomas.
Scientists at UNC-Chapel Hill and Emory University successfully reversed HIV latency in animal models using compound AZD5582. The study, published in Nature, demonstrated the ability to activate latently infected CD4+ T cells without toxicity, paving the way for further research towards a cure.
Researchers have developed a method to synthesize large-area, atomically thin molybdenum disulfide films with modified structures depending on the synthesis temperature. The resulting films show promise for use in electronic devices and optical communication, with potential breakthroughs in transparent and flexible electronics.
Researchers found that Antarctic Bottom Water, a deep-water mass in the Southern Hemisphere, was disrupted from spreading northwards into the South Atlantic and Indian Oceans during peak ice ages. The study suggests that weaker circulation in the Southern Ocean during cold periods may have interrupted this process.
Researchers found that animal carcasses contribute to increased plant growth, attracting herbivorous insects and their predators. This has a positive impact on the local food chain, persisting even five months after death.
A RAND Corporation analysis suggests that Medicare overpays surgeons for postoperative care, with only a small share of the care provided. Adjusting payments could reduce reimbursements by 28% and result in increased payments to primary care providers.
Researchers from Washington University found that adding orthophosphate to the water supply before switching to chloramine can prevent lead contamination. In their experiment, lead levels remained below 10 micrograms/liter in pipes treated with orthophosphate, whereas levels rose above 80 micrograms/liter in control pipes.
Researchers have developed a method to link fingerprint compounds with their age, allowing for more precise timing of prints. By analyzing triacylglycerol degradation rates, scientists can estimate the time elapsed since fingerprints were left behind.
Researchers have identified blood-based biomarkers associated with both delirium duration and severity in critically ill patients. These biomarkers can help identify individuals at risk for longer delirium duration and higher delirium severity, potentially leading to new treatments.
New Zealand researchers reveal a significant gender pay gap, with men earning an average of NZ$400,000 more than women over their lifetime. Only 40-70% of the pay gap can be attributed to research performance and age.
A Japanese survey reveals differing perceptions of gene-edited crops among experts and the general public. Experts see benefits, while the public perceives risks despite acknowledging value. The findings shed light on the deficit model's boundaries in science communication.
A skin cream used to treat warts and skin cancer has been found to prevent infection from viral diseases like Zika and dengue when applied after a mosquito bite. The cream works by activating the skin's immune response, preventing the virus from spreading throughout the body.