Articles tagged with Discovery Research
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
Researchers identified four patients with involuntary movement disorders (IMDs) after being struck by lightning, sparking further study to elucidate the role of lightning strikes in IMDs and identify potential treatment options. The American Academy of Neurology is dedicated to improving patient care through education and research.
Researchers at Princess Margaret Hospital's Ontario Cancer Institute have identified the IRAK-4 gene as a key regulator of the immune response. Deleting this gene from test mice effectively tamed their inflammatory response and prevented septic shock, highlighting its potential as a target for future treatment.
Scientists have identified the PKHD1 gene as the cause of autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease (ARPKD), a life-threatening genetic disorder. The discovery provides a genetic roadmap for understanding how the disease progresses, paving the way for more accurate diagnoses and treatments.
Researchers at the CNRS and INRA Centre de Versailles in France have discovered a gene, SPIK, that increases pollen competitive ability by facilitating rapid pollen tube elongation. This discovery sheds light on how plants can improve their reproductive success.
A study published in Manufacturing & Service Operations Management found that e-customer loyalty is driven by ease of return, timeliness of delivery, web site navigation, product availability, price, and product information. These factors have a significant impact on customer satisfaction and loyalty.
A genetic mechanism involved in pain modulation has been discovered, which could lead to an entirely new approach to pain control. Genetically engineered mice lacking the DREAM gene showed dramatic loss of pain sensitivity compared to those with the gene.
Harvard Medical School researchers have identified a key pathway controlling circadian rhythms in hamsters, revealing the signals sent by the body's internal clock and its connection to light exposure. The discovery opens new avenues for research into sleep disorders and could lead to improved treatments.
A study published in Neuroscience found that the primary role of the startle reflex is to defend the body against strong impact stimuli, such as head blows. The research suggests that humans have the same timing as rats and that the startle response protects against these types of impacts.
Researchers at University of Toronto have discovered a photon switch that can manipulate photons to transmit data in computers. The discovery has the potential to solve problems that traditional computers cannot, including database searches and cracking codes on the Internet.
Professor Julian Peto warns that current data protection legislation is hindering cancer research by withholding medical records and tissue samples. Researchers face obstacles in tracking disease development and identifying genetic factors due to lack of access to historical data.
A second gene mutation for the inherited form of ALS has been discovered by Northwestern University researcher Teepu Siddique. The newly identified gene, alsin, is responsible for juvenile inherited ALS (ALS2), a rare and slowly progressive disease affecting young populations in North Africa and the Middle East.
A team of researchers discovered a new type of carbon nanotube that is approximately 40 percent stronger than other nanotubes made using the same number of atoms. This breakthrough was achieved through supercomputer simulations at the San Diego Supercomputer Center and the University of Michigan.
Chemists are using statistical design of experiments and parallel reactors to improve the creation of polymers. This approach enables the efficient production of novel elastomers by determining the optimal reaction conditions. By doing so, researchers can generate predictive models and discover new materials.
A new sea current has been discovered off the African coast, with high speeds of up to a metre per second. The current is driven by the mixture of cold polar water and extremely saline water from the Red Sea and Persian Gulf.
Researchers found a significant difference in movement on each side of the Eastern California Shear Zone, with one side moving more than the other due to varying heat flow properties. This discovery provides a more accurate method for modeling earthquake data and could be applicable in many places.
Researchers at UCSD Cancer Center develop a two-drug combination that tricks leukemia-causing gene Bcr-Abl into committing suicide, achieving complete eradication of CML cells. The treatment uses STI571 and Leptomycin B to mobilize and trap the oncogene in the nucleus.
Researchers have identified a pivotal early event in breast cancer development, where mammary epithelial cells spontaneously surmount senescence and acquire genomic instability. This finding could lead to new targets for very early detection and treatment of breast cancer, as well as broader implications for understanding carcinogenesis.
Three Dutch researchers, Ewine van Dishoeck, Daan Frenkel, and Dirkje Postma, have been awarded the NWO/SPINOZA Award for their internationally recognized excellence in science. The award recognizes their exceptional contributions to molecular astrophysics, computational physical chemistry, and pathophysiology of respiratory disorders.
The Penn Head Injury Center will study the long-term effects of concussions with a $110,000 grant from NFL Charities. The center aims to develop new therapeutic strategies for traumatic brain injury and improve treatment outcomes.
A specific protein isolated from Chilean tarantula venom shows promise as a basis for new drugs to prevent atrial fibrillation, a major cause of death following a heart attack. The research demonstrates the physiological function of mechanosensitive ion channels in the heart for the first time.
Researchers discovered a plausible mechanism for a cancer-causing gene found in aberrant bone marrow cells. The study reveals the function of SET, a protein that helps regulate gene activity and protects cell integrity.
Researchers have discovered a gene that makes mousepox virus deadly to lab mice, raising concerns about its potential misuse in biowarfare. The technique could be used to strengthen biological weapons based on viruses affecting humans.
The Hauptman-Woodward Medical Research Institute and University at Buffalo have received $3.13 million to develop new methods for determining protein structure, crucial for designing new drugs. Researchers will use X-ray crystallography and NMR spectroscopy to determine protein structures.
Researchers made significant breakthroughs in genome sequencing, decoding the script of life in various organisms. These advances have profound implications for society and human health.
Researchers from UCSD and Japan have identified a new gene called NUDEL, which plays a critical role in regulating the function of motor-molecules that transport cellular cargo within cells. This discovery sheds light on how neurons in the developing brain become wired and provides insights into neurodegenerative diseases.
A new microarray technique can decipher the function of master switches in a cell by identifying the circuit, or set of genes, they control across the entire genome. This technique allows researchers to unravel complex genetic information in a week, compared to years with conventional methods.
New Zealand scientists are presenting innovative research on meat storage, with freezing found to be the best way to preserve raw sheep meat. Researchers have also isolated a promising chemical from a native Asian tree for treating AIDS, cancer, and diabetes. Additionally, marine sponges have yielded compounds that may aid in fighting ...
Researchers found that FRAP regulates a membrane-to-cytoplasm communication network, governing cellular response to outside stimuli. The protein must shuttle between the nucleus and cytoplasm to function properly.
Researchers have identified a potent neurotoxin called kalkitoxin, which appears to block sodium channels in neurons. This finding could lead to new treatments for conditions like pain, epilepsy, and potentially stroke by selectively activating or blocking sodium channels.
Researchers have discovered a chemical in sea urchins that appears to attract and repel starfish, which are devasting coral reefs at an alarming rate. The finding could provide a new method for controlling the starfish population and saving these valuable ecosystems.
University of Michigan geologist Peter van Keken uses virtual reality to explore Earth's inner reaches, discovering new patterns and relationships. He aims to advance research into plate tectonics and mantle mixing using this immersive technology.
The University of Washington has established a $35.5 million center for mind, brain and learning to conduct innovative research on early brain and behavioral development. The center, in partnership with Talaris Research Institute, will focus on five major themes: brain plasticity, brain-behavior links, nature-nurture, computer vs. biol...
The completed Arabidopsis genome provides a roadmap for understanding plants to improve nutrition and health. Monsanto contributed to the effort through Cereon Genomics, releasing over 40,000 genetic markers that increased the resolution of genetic maps used by researchers.
Researchers have found a new bonding arrangement for carbon molecules, which could shed light on how carbon bonds with atoms to form molecules. The discovery challenges traditional understanding of carbon's basic structure and opens up new ideas about life's most basic element.
Researchers at Rockefeller University have identified a crucial region of the hepatitis C virus protein NS5A, which plays an essential role in viral replication. This breakthrough discovery could accelerate the development of effective drugs and vaccines against HCV, a leading cause of liver disease.
Researchers at Princeton University discovered a web browser design flaw that allows sites to collect users' recent browsing histories. This technique, dubbed a 'timing attack,' is undetectable and defeats most available privacy measures.
Researchers at Penn State have discovered a new mechanism for an existing antiviral drug that can alter the genetic makeup of RNA viruses. The discovery uses ribavirin to change the structure of viral RNA, preventing the virus from producing faithful copies and ultimately leading to its collapse.
Researchers Clifford G. Venier and Edward W. Casserly developed a new lubricant called Pennzane® Synthesized Hydrocarbon Fluid X2000 that can withstand extremely low temperatures and prolong satellite life. The lubricant also enhances the longevity of car oils and provides thin coatings for computer disk drives.
Susan Daluge, a North Carolina researcher, has developed a new ant-HIV drug called Ziagen that increases the anti-viral potency of AZT and 3TC. This simplifies treatment for patients who cannot tolerate protease inhibitors due to side effects.
Alka Agrawal's groundbreaking research reveals the role of 'jumping DNA' in creating our modern-day immune system, which has evolved over 450 million years. Her discovery, made possible by a unique petri-dish system, shows how genes like RAG1 and RAG2 enable complex immune responses.
The university will support its new Clinical Research Scholars Program, which aims to improve patient care quality through translational research. The program will teach physicians and researchers essential skills in biostatistics, clinical epidemiology, and study design.
Researchers at UNC-CH find that electrical resistance varies according to how nanotubes are oriented on a flat surface, with peaks six times as much when rotated 360 degrees. This discovery could be useful for telecommunications and electronics industries.
Researchers at UNC-CH have identified a small group of 30 genes that respond similarly to different conditions, providing a potential universal switch for the immune system among many plant species. This discovery could lead to engineered plants with improved disease resistance and increased crop yields.
A comprehensive study found a high prevalence of pelvic floor disorders in the general population, affecting up to 50% of older women. The research highlights the need for increased medical attention and awareness about these often-stigmatized conditions.
A team of Virginia Tech chemists and colleagues have created a family of fullerene molecules that break the sacrosanct isolated-pentagon rule. The new structure has only 68 carbon atoms, which are stabilized by three metal atoms, allowing for a molecular cluster of four atoms to be encapsulated.
Researchers have developed a method to directly observe three-dimensional nanostructured glass, which has the potential to solve macro-level problems in technology and the environment. The material can be used for various applications such as optical fibers, coatings for computer chips and sensors for detecting biotoxins.
A study by Harvard Medical School researchers found that sleeping the first night improves task performance and memory consolidation. Despite two additional nights of sleep, those who stayed up all night initially showed no improvement.
Scientists discover a solution to protect healthy human liver cells from destruction by the promising cancer treatment TRAIL, opening up a new direction for clinical trials. The treatment triggers a sweeping death response in its target, destroying cancerous and pre-cancerous cells.
Researchers at Yale have discovered that the Golgi apparatus is an independent organelle that exists independently of the endoplasmic reticulum. This finding gives researchers a better understanding of cell division and uncontrolled cell division in cancer.
Researchers have discovered a genetic biomarker that can be detected in tumor tissue and patient blood, helping doctors diagnose esophageal cancer more accurately. The biomarker, an altered APC gene, has been found in 92% of patients with esophageal adenocarcinoma and 50% of those with squamous cell carcinoma.
Researchers found that pre-menopausal levels of LDL cholesterol and cardiovascular risk factors were predictive of post-menopausal coronary artery calcium deposits. Women who developed coronary calcium were significantly heavier with higher body mass index and larger waists.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins Oncology Center discovered a genetic alteration in tumor samples that predicts patient response to chemotherapy. The methyl-guanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) gene was found to be altered in 19 patients, resulting in better responses to chemotherapy and increased long-term survival.
Researchers at ANU have developed a new high-resolution map of the energy surface of molecules using quantum dynamics to analyze hydrogen reacting with heavy water. This new methodology allows for faster and more accurate analysis of chemical reactions, enabling scientists to study other reactions more effectively.
A 290 million-year-old reptile's nearly complete skeleton reveals it was a bipedal runner that probably used its speed to escape predators. Its unique posture, with long legs and short arms, indicates an upright locomotion similar to humans'.
A new study reveals that bullfrogs employ a rule-driven strategy in their calling behavior, which is both competitive and cooperative. By homing in on calls from distant neighbors or inhibiting close-by calls, male bullfrogs conserve energy while attracting females and maintaining territories.
A 373-year-old white oak in Ohio's Dysart Woods provides a clear picture of a forest without human intervention. The tree's rings reveal information on droughts, weather patterns, and the impact of human activity on the environment.
Researchers like Dr. Melanie Mormile are exploring the possibility of finding ancient bacteria on Mars, which could provide evidence for life on the planet. By dating salt-loving bacteria on Earth, scientists aim to confirm whether similar organisms can survive for hundreds of millions of years.
Researchers have determined the structure of a key protein from paramyxoviruses, which causes respiratory diseases in children and animals. The study reveals clues for effective new drugs and highlights the benefits of structural biology in guiding drug design against communicable diseases.
Robert C. Gallo and Luc Montagnier receive Spain's top science award for their groundbreaking work on the diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of HIV/AIDS. The Prince of Asturias Award recognizes their originality and relevance to the scientific community.
Scientists have identified a molecule called VR-OAC that senses osmotic pressure in vertebrates, including humans. This discovery may provide insight into the biological basis of inner ear function and the sense of touch.