Articles tagged with Scientific Data
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
The report highlights inconsistent data-access policies among nations and agencies, emphasizing the need for international efforts to promote open access. The authors call for an international framework to achieve this goal, making data sharing a rule rather than an exception.
Researchers have developed a new method called kinetic visualization that uses colored dots and motion to present three-dimensional scientific or medical data. This technique allows computers to display data in a different way, providing shape information and attracting attention to important areas.
A Penn State cartographer emphasizes the importance of careful color choices in visual representation to reveal relationships and patterns in complex data. An online web tool, ColorBrewer, provides pre-designed color palettes that cater to color blindness and are suitable for various mediums.
The ACCESS study confirms that Atacand improves outcomes for patients with acute ischaemic stroke and high blood pressure. Early treatment with Atacand reduces the risk of total mortality, cerebral complications, and cardiovascular complications by 47.5 percent.
Researchers studying eBay data identified four trends that explain price fluctuations in online auctions: the weekend effect, picture effect, reputation score effect, and auction length effect. These factors impact final prices of rare coin transactions on eBay.
A new screen at Sandia National Laboratories can render complex scientific data sets in seconds, outperforming the movie industry's cluster of computers. The facility uses massively parallel imaging to create images with high resolution and detail, allowing scientists to better understand complicated systems.
The University of California, San Francisco strongly rejected claims made by a company that attempted to block publication of an important AIDS research study. The study found no evidence of clinical benefit for the drug HIV-1 Immunogen in boosting the immune system of patients with HIV-1.
Researchers at UT Southwestern Medical Center outline a method for securely collecting sensitive medical research data via the Internet. This approach enables faster and cheaper data collection with the same level of security as traditional methods.
China and Chile are now linked to U.S. universities through the STAR TAP global network, enabling high-speed data exchange for international collaborations. The connection enhances China's participation in next-generation Internet research and supports Chile's astronomical projects.
Researchers at NIAID explore a new approach to HIV treatment involving cyclic therapy, which may reduce HAART duration and costs. Preliminary findings suggest that patients can maintain minimal viral loads and adequate CD4+ T cells during intermittent therapy.
A University of Washington researcher found that climbers using supplemental oxygen on Mount Everest had a 3% death rate during descent, compared to an 8.3% death rate for those not using oxygen. A similar pattern emerged on K2, where none of the successful climbers who used supplemental oxygen died during descent.
DoubleTwist has completed the first annotation of the human genome, revealing genes and valuable information. The analysis used Sun Enterprise supercomputers and DoubleTwist's proprietary genomic analysis software to process all available sequence data.
A review of Canada's waiting lists reveals a need for better infrastructure and information about management approaches, contradicting frequently offered solutions. The authors conclude that information defects are often misdiagnosed as financial shortages, leading to forced decision-making.
A recent study by the Massachusetts General Hospital found that young, productive researchers are more likely to be denied access to data and materials. The survey of 2,366 scientists revealed that junior faculty members and those publishing multiple articles were at a higher risk of being withheld from resources.
Researchers at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory have developed a new way to measure slippage deep within the Earth using tickers, groups of identically repeating tiny earthquakes. By analyzing the timing and intervals between these quakes, scientists can track changes in fault strain associated with larger earthquakes.
The AAPS Workshop on Regulatory Issues Related to Drug Products for Oral Inhalation and Nasal Delivery will focus on quality assurance, CMC data, and bioavailability. The workshop aims to advance science through open exchange of knowledge and contribute to human health through pharmaceutical research.
A mathematical model resolves a scientific debate on the origins of modern placental mammals, suggesting that a 65-million-year gap in the fossil record is unlikely due to incomplete preservation. The study finds that the quality of the mammalian fossil record is more consistent with genetic data than previously thought.
Mary Jo Nye emphasizes the importance of scientists' involvement in public policy debates to prevent poorly informed decisions. By engaging with the public and fellow scientists, researchers can help ensure that critical issues are addressed through a nuanced understanding of data and technical expertise.
Sandia National Laboratories and Compaq have developed a system that sorts a terabyte of data in under 50 minutes, three times faster than the previous record. This achievement demonstrates the potential for fast and cost-effective data sorting, which can be used to identify patterns in large datasets.
A new method for clustering data on computers has been developed by Prof. Eytan Domany, enabling the analysis of vast amounts of information without prior knowledge of its structure or categories. The algorithm mimics human intuition and can automatically identify clusters in various types of data.
Researchers invent new way to see underground using electromagnetic energy, enabling better images at greater range and reducing drilling costs. The technique can also be used to characterize environmental problems and monitor remediation.
The USGS has taken the lead in establishing the National Biological Information Infrastructure (NBII) to increase access to biological diversity data and information. The initiative aims to democratize environmental science by providing a broad array of knowledge on the diversity of nature's living creatures.
A recent review of data suggests that comet impacts on Earth may be random events common to scientific instruments using image intensifiers. Dr. Louis Frank's claims of small comets striking the atmosphere have been challenged by NASA scientist Dr. James Spann, who attributes similar dark smears in images to instrument noise.
A reanalysis of international data reveals a significant decline in sperm density across the United States and Europe, with the rate of decrease varying by region. The study found an average annual decrease of 1.5 million sperm per milliliter in the US and 3.1% per year in Europe.
Researchers Paul Richards and Won-Young Kim analyze seismic data to verify the Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty, concluding the event was an earthquake with 'excellent' monitoring capability
The USGS, in partnership with state agencies, will continue to monitor the Red River's flow and water quality over the next four weeks. This effort aims to assess the impact of the unprecedented flood and gather data for flood forecasting, design, and environmental regulations.
Researchers gather to explore progress and challenges in implementing the Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty's verification regime, covering seismic, infrasound, hydroacoustic, and radionuclear data. The goal is to detect even tiny nuclear events, making it as difficult as possible for them to slip through.
Western Europe is narrowing the gap with the US in R&D investment, spending over $20 billion on research in Western European institutions. The region also outproduces the US in producing Ph.D.s in natural sciences and engineering, with a 38% increase in doctoral degrees awarded in NS&E fields.
The CUBIC observatory aims to learn more about the unknown sources of a diffuse glow of X-rays reaching the Earth. By studying the energy spectrum of these X-rays, scientists hope to gain insights into the makeup of hot gas that emitted them.
A study published in the American Heart Association scientific meeting found that cardiologist care significantly reduces heart attack mortality. The research, led by Dr. James Jollis, analyzed Medicare claims data from 220,535 patients diagnosed with a heart attack in 1992 and discovered that patients cared for by cardiologists had a ...