Articles tagged with Scientific Data
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
Data science researchers at UC Davis received over $1 million in grants to study innovative concepts with high impact. The grants will fund multidisciplinary research partnerships and projects addressing challenges like the COVID-19 pandemic.
A study published in Frontiers in Psychology found that Dance Movement Therapy (DMT) improved mood and physical activity in grandmothers, while also allowing their female dance/movement therapists to process their grandparents' eventual death. The therapy promoted a strong intergenerational bond between the two groups.
Researchers found that men in non-Western cultures were less preoccupied with body appearance and pursuing a muscular physique than their Western counterparts. Local ideas about masculinity and the association between muscle mass and work ethic played a significant role in shaping these attitudes.
Researchers found that people's prior beliefs about themselves may prevent accurate judgment of real appearance. By viewing their body from a third-person perspective, individuals rated it more attractively, pointing to potential applications for treating body perception disorders.
The Data Science Institute team received the Facebook Systems for Machine Learning Award for their research on co-training machine learning models. The project aims to enhance machine learning models for scalability and adaptability, particularly in recommendation systems used by Netflix, Amazon, and Facebook.
Daily e-cigarette users are more likely to be recent quitters than non-users, while vaping is rare among those who quit more than a decade ago. E-cigarettes appear to be helping smokers quit successfully, particularly among those who quit within the last two years.
Researchers analyzed Twitter data during the 2014 Ukraine-Russia conflict and found that pro-Kremlin sentiment was high in Crimea but low elsewhere. The study suggests that social media data can be used as a source of military intelligence to estimate potential casualties and costs incurred from occupying foreign territories.
Researchers at McMaster University discovered that scurvy, a disease caused by vitamin C deficiency, still exists in Canada. The study found 52 patients with low Vitamin C levels, including 13 with diagnosed scurvy and 39 who tested positive but lacked symptoms.
A recent study highlights the unreliable sources of probiotic information online and how health-benefit claims are often not supported by robust scientific evidence. Most websites providing probiotic info are from commercial sources or news outlets, which provide incomplete information on potential side effects and regulatory issues.
Researchers developed a method combining empirical knowledge of fishery stakeholders with scientific understanding to identify ecological cause-effect relationships in pike populations. The collective intelligence of nature users accurately captured complex human-environment relationships, exceeding scientific knowledge in some cases.
A recent study found that less appetizing moths are more relaxed when attacked by bats, while more palatable ones employ evasive maneuvers. The research demonstrates complex risks and rewards of anti-predator strategies, potentially allowing scientists to predict the behaviors of rare or extinct species.
A study published in PLOS ONE found that over half of people would be willing to donate their personal data for research. The researchers developed a new questionnaire to explore individuals' motivations, which identified three key reasons: serving society, gaining personal benefits, and understanding data purpose.
A recent study found that 17% of sexual minorities experienced discrimination in the previous year, with higher rates among males and older adults. The researchers aim to raise awareness about the need for continued work to reduce discrimination and promote inclusive policies.
A new study from Iowa State University found that nearly 1 in 6 adults experience difficulty falling or staying asleep, with those reporting healthy sleep length struggling the most. The research suggests that targeting factors influencing initiation and maintenance of sleep could be key to improving sleep health.
Researchers analyzed 30-day mortality rates following ED visits, finding a significant increase in deaths among elderly patients. The study used Medicare data from 2009 to 2016 and found that the 30-day death rate for emergency department visits increased significantly during this period.
Finns' risk beliefs and knowledge on indoor air health effects were surveyed, finding that a significant proportion considers minor moisture damage to pose severe health risks. Actinomycetes may be a sign of moisture damage, but its occurrence does not automatically prove harmful health effects.
Researchers analyzed 12,315 protected areas across 152 countries to assess their impact on reducing anthropogenic pressures. Protected areas in temperate and forested regions have slowed human pressure, with countries with higher socioeconomic development experiencing lower rate increases.
A new study found that people's moral foundations are better predicted by their political attitudes than vice versa. The researchers tracked participants' moral values and political leanings over time, revealing that those with stable political beliefs were more likely to have consistent moral foundations.
Pensoft's new data audit process ensures datasets are fit-to-use prior to peer review, saving time and effort for authors and reviewers. The workflow applies principles of FAIR data and is applicable to data linked from external repositories.
Regenstrief Institute's Eneida Mendonca and Umberto Tachinardi will share their expertise on artificial intelligence and data infrastructure at a Brazilian workshop. They discuss AI in natural language processing and building data infrastructure for precision medicine.
A study analyzing research article data from 1950 to 2018 found that the average distance between articles on citation networks decreased over time, while ties between articles from different fields increased. Citation networks depend on high-impact articles, suggesting increased interconnectivity among scientific disciplines.
Researchers estimate 19.6 million people have hypothyroidism, with individuals diagnosed more likely to develop sleep apnea. They also found patients undergoing hormone replacement therapy at the time were 2.51 times more likely to have a sleep apnea diagnosis.
Tropical Storm Kiko is a compact storm with sustained winds of near 60 mph, located about 1,360 miles west-southwest of Baja California. The storm has redeveloped an inner circulation and is expected to turn toward the west-southwest over the weekend.
NASA's Aqua satellite captured a visible image of Major Hurricane Humberto and its extensive 'tail' of thunderstorms stretching past eastern Canada. The storm's eye was just 490 miles west-southwest of Bermuda, but the surrounding band of thunderstorms extended beyond that region.
Engineers have designed a robotic system to automate the disassembly of component parts, a key task in remanufacturing. The new process can reduce energy and raw materials usage by up to 90% and CO2 emissions by over 80%.
A survey of over 1,800 participants found that more than 67% were willing to share all items with researchers from their home institution, while fewer shared with other institutions. The way preferences are elicited also affects sharing, with opt-out forms resulting in greater sharing per item.
Researchers analyzed refugee registry data to discover that high-ethnolinguistic background populations increased employment rates. Refugees often worked with companies having similar backgrounds, suggesting network effects on economic integration.
Researchers analyzed physical activity features to identify patterns associated with different personality traits, including extraversion, openness, agreeableness, conscientiousness, and neuroticism. The study found that consistent movements on weekday evenings were linked to introverted tendencies, while extroverts displayed more rand...
Researchers collected data from 0.63 million restaurants and combined it with mobile phone location data to predict population size and number of firms. The study found that models trained on different cities' restaurant data can achieve population prediction power across cities.
Research in Tomsk, Russia found that school closures decrease student contacts by 53% and may worsen influenza spread. Computer simulations estimated a 33% rise in cases without such policies.
The EU General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) complicates data sharing in research, with participants' consent withdrawal rights and limited data retention posing challenges. Researchers advocate for GDPR-compliant repositories and adaptable funding policies to ensure safe data sharing.
A survey of Japanese researchers found that 95% had shared their data, but only 56% had created a data management plan (DMP). The main reasons for not creating a DMP were unfamiliarity with funders' requirements and lack of institutional support. Japanese researchers cited supporting research progression and transparency as motivations...
The University of Pittsburgh will lead a global, cloud-based data system to improve knowledge of infectious diseases, with a focus on sharing research data and software. The system aims to accelerate infectious disease research and discoveries, leveraging the 'open science' movement.
The June cover of SLAS Discovery features an article on the benefits of open sharing of compounds in drug discovery. By leveraging pooled knowledge, dark proteins have emerged as potential drug targets, offering a promising approach to exploring new medicines.
A study combining US survey data found that 7.6% of male high school students and 3.6% of males aged 15-24 reported having sex before age 13. The prevalence varied across metropolitan areas, with higher rates among non-Hispanic black and Hispanic males.
Researchers found that mass shootings with extensive media coverage were associated with increases in handgun purchases, while high-fatality shootings led to decreases in handgun sales. Overall, the study suggests a possible connection between gun violence and public opinion on gun purchases.
The open-science model is being expanded to neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson's and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. M4ND Pharma will pursue promising new genetic drug targets, sharing progress with the scientific community through regular online meetings.
Research found that healthy women using birth control pills are poorer judges of subtle facial expressions than non-users. OCP users were nearly 10% worse on average at recognizing the most enigmatic emotional expressions.
A session at the American Association for the Advancement of Science meeting explores how blockchain can improve the scientific method by promoting reproducibility and transparency. Researchers will discuss the potential benefits of pre-registering hypotheses and posting data on a public Blockchain.
Researchers at Penn State have released open-access satellite data to track seasonal population movements in Niger and Nigeria. This data can be used to address research questions in fields ranging from agriculture to epidemiology, particularly for infectious diseases and public health interventions.
The NCCR MARVEL/CECAM team has been awarded the EPFL Open Science Fund to develop open software services for classrooms and research. The team will create an online hub with simulation and data-analysis tools that can be easily used by researchers and students.
A scholarly review found that policy statements on media effects frequently oversimplify complex issues, relying on biased evidence and exaggerated claims. The study evaluated 24 policy statements from professional organizations and identified widespread citation bias, false consistency, and overgeneralization.
Outpatient care in the US has varying levels of quality for adults with and without primary care, influenced by factors like socioeconomic status and access to healthcare services. Healthcare utilization patterns among this demographic are an important area of research to improve healthcare outcomes.
Czech researchers used 360-degree headshots to assess fighters' perceived fighting ability. Despite this, ratings were not linked to actual MMA score or physical characteristics. However, heavier fighters with higher anaerobic performance were judged as more successful based on their facial features.
Historical records of shark catches in Queensland show a 50-year decline, with large apex sharks decreasing by 74-92%. The average size of sharks has also decreased.
New research published in the Canadian Medical Association Journal found that trazadone is associated with a comparable risk of falls and major osteoporotic fractures to atypical antipsychotics. This finding challenges the assumption that trazodone is a safer alternative for treating behavioral symptoms in seniors with dementia.
Priming individuals with superhero images, such as Superman, increases their likelihood of engaging in prosocial behaviors. However, the study found no direct effect on perceptions of meaning in life. The research used both self-reported and actual helping behavior experiments to explore this phenomenon.
A study found that employee-focused health promotion programs can lead to increased weight stigma, discrimination, and decreased wellbeing among employees with obesity. In contrast, employer-focused programs may be more effective in promoting healthy behavior.
A longitudinal study of voters in New Zealand found that participants tended to shift their opinions to align with those of their preferred political party. Strong supporters of a party were more likely to change their opinions over time, while those whose opinions were already aligned with the party position were less likely to shift.
New research finds that Halloween is linked to higher rates of pedestrian traffic fatalities, particularly among young children. The study, which analyzed data from 1975-2016, revealed an average of four additional pedestrian deaths per year during Halloween, with the greatest risk among children aged 4-8.
A new paper highlights the importance of open and usable data sets in ecology and other field research. By sharing data and code, scientists can save time and effort, as well as foster critical inquiry and new knowledge.
Sunita Chandrasekaran is designing frameworks to adapt code to increasingly powerful systems, focusing on complex patterns like wavefronts. She aims to improve performance and portability while keeping scientists in mind, enabling them to concentrate on science rather than software.
A study published in Transportation found that ride-hailing services such as Uber and Lyft contribute to increased vehicle miles traveled due to empty miles from drivers going without passengers. For every 100 miles carrying passengers, Uber and Lyft drivers travel an additional 69 miles without a passenger.
Researchers successfully located the epicenter of the September 2017 North Korean nuclear test using regional seismic data. The study's findings confirm that subsequent seismic events were not also nuclear explosions.
The All of Us Research Program has awarded $28.6M to establish three genome centers, generating genomic data from 1 million biosamples contributed by program participants. These centers will provide critical data for precision medicine research and support studies on various health questions.
NCALM has made significant contributions to the field of Earth science, using lidar technology to map terrain and create detailed topographical maps. The center's work has also had practical significance, including assessing earthquake and landslide risks.
A synergistic approach to big data in science emphasizes the importance of collaborative research efforts and open science. Ecologists must work together to answer complex, globally relevant questions that cross disciplines and require extrapolating findings from one location to another.
A new AI-powered workflow enables scientists to systematically and sustainably evaluate large amounts of high-resolution deep-sea images. The workflow, developed by GEOMAR researchers, uses machine learning algorithms to automatically detect features such as manganese nodules in the seafloor.
The University of Oklahoma team has received a National Science Foundation Major Research Instrumentation grant to develop the OU and Regional Research Store, a massive tape archive serving as a national model. The project will provide affordable storage for over 85 research teams across 27 institutions in 17 states.
Two new $1 million NSF grants will support RENCI's efforts to develop a high-performance platform for scientific data processing and detect unintentional data errors. The projects aim to improve scientific productivity, increase confidence in outcomes, and facilitate seamless integration of available resources and networks.