Articles tagged with Scientific Data
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
The first-in-human trial of CAR-M cell therapy demonstrated that engineered macrophages can target and alter the solid tumor microenvironment, altering the composition of myeloid cells and T-cells. This innovative immunotherapy offers a promising new strategy in the fight against cancer.
A groundbreaking study reveals early humans preferred to hunt the largest available animals to provide the greatest quantities of food. Over 1.5 million years, humans repeatedly overhunted large animals to extinction, and then shifted to smaller animals, improving their hunting technologies.
A new database has been launched to systematically record findings on perovskite semiconductors, featuring over 42,000 individual data sets and analysis tools for interactive exploration. The FAIR principles guide the preparation of the data, enabling easy searching with modern algorithms and artificial intelligence.
Researchers at the University of Missouri have developed a free online resource that speeds up data analysis of human genomes three times faster than current methods. This enables scientists to see how an individual's genome makes them susceptible to different diseases in different ways, ultimately reducing associated costs and increas...
The Natural History Museum's digital collection has been downloaded over 28 billion times, contributing to advancements in food security, biodiversity conservation and medicine discovery. The museum's digitisation efforts are expected to have a tenfold return on investment, with benefits exceeding £2 billion over 30 years.
Researchers have made significant breakthroughs in understanding Parkinson's disease, revealing that affected neurons don't die but lose properties. This knowledge opens the door to new therapeutic treatments targeting the cell body, rather than just axons.
The Tanenbaum Open Science Institute at The Neuro has partnered with the Hotchkiss Brain Institute to promote collaboration and information sharing in brain research. This partnership aims to accelerate the pace of discovery and bring novel treatments to patients with neurological disorders.
A new module in biodiversity collections addresses the need for scientists to have both foundational biological skills and data acumen. The module was implemented in 10 courses across four universities and showed strong learning results, with students feeling well-prepared to collect and archive specimens, as well as deposit digital da...
The study identifies promising topics for scientific collaboration, including medicine, engineering, computer science, and agricultural sciences. BRICS Plus countries have significant growth potential in research and development, with some already ranking among the top 30 countries globally.
A study by Portland State University found that household car ownership correlates with better self-reported health, while bus or paratransit use is associated with poorer health. The researchers also discovered that having fewer vehicles per individual in the household increases the likelihood of reporting poor physical health.
A recent study analyzing online reviews of restaurants found that increased minimum wages lead to better customer perceptions of service quality. The research suggests that higher wages contribute to improved employee performance and reduced negative feedback.
The BiCIKL project links biodiversity data types and classes across 14 European institutions, creating a Biodiversity Knowledge Hub for seamless access. This initiative streamlines Open Science and FAIR practices, empowering researchers with efficient tools to explore and utilize biodiversity data.
A new study suggests that autobiographical memories of authentic and inauthentic experiences serve specific purposes, such as defining identity and enhancing self-fulfilment. Reflecting on these experiences can also improve problem-solving skills and promote a more authentic response.
A new study suggests that Greece's computer algorithm 'Eva' caught nearly twice as many asymptomatic infected travelers as traditional testing methods, helping to curb COVID-19's spread. The AI-powered system used real-time data to identify high-risk visitors for targeted testing, revealing its potential in managing the pandemic.
A new study reveals unexpected trends in coral reef condition and its environment, contrary to prevailing scientific expectations. The authors found that local threats such as pollution do not lead to a decrease in coral cover, and biogeophysical forcings poorly predict ecosystem-scale coral reef condition.
The USC Institute is launching a $3 million global consortium study to analyze brain imaging, genetics, and clinical data from 20 countries. The study aims to understand how Parkinson's disease progresses in the brain and explore genetic factors contributing to risk.
A novel mortality risk prediction method helps tailor treatment decisions and transplant needs for patients based on individual symptoms. The new tool uses a random survival forest algorithm to predict individual mortality risk curves, calculate mortality at any given time, and provide a 95% confidence interval.
Scientists at Anglia Ruskin University have created a new way to experience Yellowstone's geysers through classical music. By sonifying the physical characteristics of the geothermal landscape, they've turned vibrations into melodies, harmonies, and rhythms. The result is an evolving musical representation of the earth, water, and steam.
A new platform called LEARNER allows researchers to share private patient data from multiple institutions while protecting privacy. This enables single institutions to access advanced predictive tools and improve patient outcomes.
Research reveals a significant decline in kidney function among COVID-19 long-haulers and even those with mild infections. The study highlights the critical need for paying attention to kidney function and disease in caring for patients who have had COVID-19, as kidney problems can be silent and untreated until it's too late.
A new analytics platform, RDCA-DAP, will be launched to accelerate rare disease treatment innovation by hosting and standardizing rare diseases data. The platform is expected to empower patients and families to drive innovation in the field.
International genetic research projects struggle with GDPR interpretation due to ambiguous rules on personal data, consent, and data transfer outside the EU/EEA. Measures to reduce these challenges are proposed, including a more genetics-sensitive approach with regulators.
A new study showcases the COVIDome Explorer, a public online portal for real-time COVID-19 data analysis, visualization and sharing. The platform enables rapid hypotheses testing, hypothesis generation and discoveries by experts and non-experts.
Researchers developed a new method to analyze video segments from live streams and estimate the prevalence of mask wearing. The protocol was successfully learned in under an hour and found reliable estimates of mask-compliance, with the potential to provide useful results for decision-makers within 48 hours.
Researchers from the University of Groningen and Spain developed a method to train AI systems using distractions to improve image recognition. By analyzing how deep learning systems process images, they found that forcing the system's focus towards secondary characteristics can lead to better performance.
A 48-year record of Australian collecting trips has been made publicly available, providing accurate details on specimen collection dates and locations. The data is now accessible via the Zenodo open-data repository in Darwin Core format.
A COVID-19 tracker developed by IIASA researcher Asjad Naqvi aims to identify, collect, and collate various official regional datasets for European countries. The tracker presents data on daily COVID-19 cases at the sub-national level for 26 European countries from January 2020 until the present.
The xAire project measured nitrogen dioxide levels in 725 locations, providing unprecedented information on Barcelona's air pollution. The study found that 5% of samples exceeded the WHO threshold, with significant differences between districts and streets.
A recent study found that foreign-born status, but not acquired U.S. citizenship, protects against criminal victimization. Researchers used new data to explore the association between citizenship status and risk of victimization, finding significantly lower rates of victimization among foreign-born citizens compared to U.S.-born citizens.
Researchers analyzed registry data to examine the characteristics and outcomes of patients with severe sunburns in Australia and New Zealand. The study found a higher risk of complications and mortality among these patients, highlighting the need for improved prevention and treatment strategies.
A new study predicts that ignoring climate change will lead to life-threatening heatwaves in the region, with temperatures reaching up to 56 degrees Celsius and affecting 600 million people. The research team recommends immediate climate change mitigation measures to avoid such extreme events.
A new MDAR Framework has been developed to harmonize outcome recording across major journals and establish basic minimum reporting requirements. The framework is designed to be flexible and adaptable to individual journal needs, aiming to reduce the burden on authors and editors.
The Protein Data Bank (PDB) is celebrating 50 years of sharing scientific knowledge, with millions of users accessing its data for fundamental biology, energy, and biomedicine. The event highlights the PDB's role in understanding protein folding, including SARS-CoV-2, and structural biology's impact on medicine and drug discovery.
Three leading medical communication organizations warn that bypassing traditional high standards of peer-reviewed journals may erode public trust. They recommend pre-publication vetting and education to enhance the integrity of published research.
A new study suggests that people who report no stress experience better daily well-being and fewer chronic health conditions. However, they also perform lower on cognitive function tests and are less likely to engage in social activities.
A shift in beverage sales towards medium-sized plastic bottles could reduce PET waste by 1% each year, resulting in a potential reduction of 9,052 tonnes. Medium-sized bottles with capacities above 2,265 milliliters deliver the highest volume of beverage for the lowest packaging weight.
The analysis of over 4,000 studies reveals a positive correlation between data availability and data use in biodiversity research. Data integration enables global synthesis and research across multiple taxonomies, facilitating research at various scales.
A new study by Washington State University reveals frequent travelers are happier with their lives than non-travelers. Individuals who frequently discuss travel plans and take regular vacations (75 miles or more away from home) report a significant increase in overall well-being.
The COHORT Academy Programme has become a global leader in collaborative use of existing research data, integrating basic and clinical research to improve scientific impact. This collaboration is exemplified by six multidisciplinary projects that combined different datasets for healthy ageing studies.
The Chan Zuckerberg Initiative (CZI) has awarded $3 million in funding for open source software projects, including those essential to modern biomedicine. CZI also provided $1.7 million in funding to organizations advancing reproducibility practices and support for open research infrastructure.
The SPI-Birds initiative combines breeding population data of 1.5 million individually recognisable birds to answer ecology and evolution questions. The project aims to inspire other research communities to create their own standards, promoting FAIR data use.
Researchers found a significant disparity in fatal police shootings between Black and white individuals, with Black victims experiencing lethal encounters at a rate three times higher than their white counterparts. The study highlights the disproportionate impact of police violence on marginalized communities.
Researchers created model simulations of the 1257 CE Mount Samalas eruption using tree-ring records and emissions data. The study found that as little as 1% of halogen released from the eruption reached the stratosphere, suggesting potential for substantial ozone depletion despite small amounts.
Justin Zhan, a data science professor at the University of Arkansas, has received a $1.25 million grant to develop novel algorithms for enhancing computational speed and efficiency in applications requiring massive amounts of streaming data. His research aims to improve operational robustness, computational speed, and efficiency in too...
The GDPR's restrictive approach to international data transfers is hindering global biomedical research, including essential COVID-19 studies. The authors propose amendments to address this issue, ensuring the balance between individual privacy and societal benefits in research contexts.
A new study found that the Affordable Care Act reduced burdensome out-of-pocket healthcare costs for low- and middle-income families with children, from 35.6% to 23.7% and 24.6% to 17.3%, respectively. Despite this improvement, these families still face significant financial burdens.
Unverricht-Lundborg disease is more prevalent in Finland due to a genetic mutation that affects the Finnish population. Patients with EPM1 have a higher risk of premature death than the general population, but individual outcomes vary widely.
A recent study by an international research team found that the 'open science' movement promotes greater equity, diversity, and inclusivity. Women publish more often in high-status authorship positions in open science, whereas participation decreases in the reproducibility literature.
A study by Indiana University researchers reveals two distinct scientific cultures within the movements of open science and reproducibility. Open science is associated with more prosocial language, increased participation from women and underrepresented groups, and a culture that promotes transparency and collaboration.
Researchers analyzed nearly 3,000 articles between 2010-2017, finding women's participation grew in high-status positions within open science literature, but declined in reproducibility literature. Open science literature adopted communal and collaborative approaches, improving science.
Researchers investigated data collection and sharing practices of mobile apps played by preschool-age children, finding that many apps share personal data with third-party companies. The study also identified sociodemographic characteristics associated with app usage, highlighting the need for better data protection for young children.
A study analyzing opioid prescriptions after outpatient knee surgeries found significant variation in prescription strength and number of tablets across the US. States like Oklahoma prescribed more opioids than necessary, while others like Vermont had lower rates.
The ESMO Virtual Congress 2020 showcased promising results in triple negative breast cancer, a new class myeloid specific antibody in solid cancer, and health-related quality of life data from a phase 3 immunotherapy study. Keynote lecturers discussed the impact of COVID-19 on patients, oncologists, and healthcare systems.
Researchers compiled a comprehensive dataset of over 6,000 governmental interventions against COVID-19 from 56 countries and 24 US states. The CCCSL dataset provides detailed information on various control strategies, including case identification, contact tracing, and social distancing measures.
A recent study found that less than 20% of ecological research is computationally reproducible, highlighting the need for improved sharing of code and data. The study's lead author calls for a drastic increase in code availability to address this issue.
Smartphone accelerometers measure key muscle training time-under-tension indicators, aiding in resistance workouts and rehabilitation. The study uses these devices to obtain scientific mechanical-biological descriptors of resistance exercise training, providing valuable insights for trainers and healthcare professionals.
Research found that couples sleeping together exhibit increased rapid-eye movement (REM) sleep and synchronized sleep patterns, positively associated with relationship depth. This study suggests that sharing a bed may enhance REM sleep, leading to improved social interactions and reduced emotional stress.
A Washington State University study found that living in neighborhoods with high walkability, socioeconomic status, and age diversity may contribute to longevity. Researchers analyzed data on nearly 145,000 Washingtonians who died at age 75 or older between 2011 and 2015.
A new study confirms lockdown restrictions reduced COVID-19 transmission in France, but a second wave is possible due to low herd immunity. The R-number, a key measure of disease transmission, fell from 3.2 to 0.47, highlighting the effectiveness of containment efforts.
Researchers created an AI system that learns to distinguish between 'right' and 'wrong' based on books, news articles, and religious texts. The machine's moral compass adapts to different eras and societies, revealing subtle differences in moral values.