A new study finds a strong link between emissions taxes and increased R&D investments in high-polluting industries with knowledge spillovers. Manufacturers significantly boost R&D spending to adopt cleaner technologies and improve production efficiency without necessarily slowing economic growth.
Researchers found that lighted gillnets reduced total fisheries bycatch by 63% and specifically bycatch of sharks, skates, and rays by 95%. The technology also reduced the time it took fishers to retrieve and disentangle nets by 57%, making fishing more efficient.
The NRG-RTOG 1010 clinical trial found that adding trastuzumab to chemoradiation and surgery did not improve disease-free survival for HER2-positive esophageal adenocarcinoma patients. Despite this, the study highlights future research opportunities to explore combining trastuzumab with other HER2-targeting agents.
Researchers found a mussel-derived compound strengthens resin-dentin bond and improves its durability. The compound, N-(3,4-dihydroxyphenethy) methacrylamide (DMA), reduces nanoleakage and increases longevity of dental fillings.
Researchers at Technical University of Munich have developed a new neutron-based method to detect clogs in underwater pipelines non-destructively. This approach uses prompt gamma neutron activation analysis to measure hydrogen concentration, allowing for the detection of blockages and hydrate formation.
A new study by University of Bristol researchers found increased body fat in females whose grandfathers or great-grandfathers started smoking before puberty. This study extends previous findings on paternal smoking and its effects on sons, now exploring the impact on daughters across multiple generations.
Researchers at the University of Bristol have created new DNA parts that can shape the flow of cellular processes along DNA. This technology allows for the rapid assembly and testing of thousands of DNA parts in parallel, unlocking new tools for building sustainable biotechnologies.
Researchers from the Institute of Physical Chemistry have observed the coil-to-globule transition in hydrogels for the first time, showing how temperature changes trigger a sudden collapse of polymer chains. This discovery has implications for smart materials and their applications in fields like medicine and engineering.
Physician health care visits for mental health and substance use skyrocketed during the COVID-19 pandemic, with Ontario-based doctors reporting a significant association between the outbreak and these changes.
A recent study found that individuals vaccinated three times or those who were vaccinated after an earlier COVID-19 infection had comparable neutralizing antibody activity to those with a breakthrough case. The study suggests that repeated exposure to SARS-CoV-2 antigens enhances the quality of antibody responses.
A study by Cornell researchers found that men and women's preferences for engagement and leadership are remarkably similar. The team suggests that instructors can play a larger role in ensuring more equity in lab groups, which could correct the well-documented disparities in physics labs.
Researchers at the University of Hong Kong found that the Omicron variant is less effective in replicating cells and causing diseases than other COVID-19 variants. The study suggests that mutations in the spike protein may reduce its capacity to use a certain pathway, impairing its entry and replication.
Researchers developed a new drug delivery system using engineered DNA-free virus-like particles (eVLPs) to package and deliver therapeutic levels of gene-editing proteins. eVLPs enabled safer in vivo delivery with comparable or higher efficiencies, overcoming multiple structural limits to potency.
Researchers at the University of Missouri identified 46 specific mutations in the Omicron variant that enable it to evade pre-existing antibodies. These mutations are particularly prevalent in the region where antibodies bind to the virus, making them a key target for future antiviral treatments.
A survey of 1,200 US adults reveals COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy decreased more rapidly among Black individuals than white individuals since December 2020. The study suggests a significant decrease in vaccine hesitancy among Black adults, but still higher compared to white adults.
A diverse pollen diet and varied landscape contribute to better colony growth and more offspring for young queens. This diversity also reduces the negative effects of infestation with parasitic wax moth larvae.
A new survey, PRAMS for Dads, provides data on the unique needs of new fathers, revealing 70% are overweight or obese, and nearly 20% smoke. The study aims to support families and children by addressing these health issues.
A Children's Hospital Colorado study explores a neuromuscular training intervention to reduce injury risk in athletes returning from sports-related concussions. The research found that athletes who completed the 8-week training program had a significantly lower risk of time-loss injuries compared to those who did not participate.
A Bar-Ilan University study found that participants remembered large images 1.5 times more than small ones, regardless of detail or resolution. This phenomenon may affect screen quality and learning on smartphones, suggesting larger screens could be better for studying.
A team at the University of Washington has created an optical computing system that not only reduces noise but also utilizes it to improve creative output. The system uses a Generative Adversarial Network and demonstrates the viability of this technology at a large scale.
Scientists identified 46 metabolites linked to coronary heart disease among Black Americans, which were also found in a multi-ethnic population. These biomarkers may serve as better markers of disease for the general population than traditional risk factors.
A recent survey found that while most clinicians and patients agree that transparency is essential, providers are concerned about added stress for patients due to complex reports. Patients want providers to contact them within 24 hours of abnormal results, but clinicians struggle with managing time and navigating data.
Researchers have confirmed that the frequency of asteroid collisions forming impact craters on Mars has been consistent over the past 600 million years. The study used a crater detection algorithm to analyze more than 500 large Martian craters and found no significant variation in asteroid collision frequencies.
The review identified several promising approaches to address financial barriers, lack of academic support, and school-related gender-based violence. However, evidence gaps remain for many other interventions, including those targeting child marriage, adolescent pregnancy, and menstrual health supplies.
A Rutgers study found COVID-19 vaccination rates among people living with HIV are lower among younger and Black individuals, highlighting the need for tailored public health messaging to address vaccine hesitancy
Researchers used optical imaging to study the metabolic interactions between pancreatic cancer cells and surrounding non-cancer cells. They found that cancer cells can hijack the metabolic activity of these non-cancer cells to fuel tumor growth. This discovery could lead to new therapies targeting the tumor microenvironment.
A study by Massachusetts General Hospital found that individuals with depressive symptoms are more likely to believe false statements about COVID-19 vaccines. Those who endorsed misinformation were also less likely to be vaccinated and reported higher levels of vaccine resistance.
A UK study found that over a third of care home residents and a quarter of staff in England showed evidence of SARS-CoV-2 infection during the first two waves of the pandemic. The study also revealed that antibodies against the virus became undetectable in half of the population within eight months.
The study found a significant increase in mental health visits among Ontario physicians, with female physicians having higher rates than male physicians. The expansion of virtual care options may have contributed to this trend, as it reduced barriers to seeking care.
A new study reveals that butterfly transparency is not only for camouflage but also to signal toxicity. Researchers found that transparent wings can serve both purposes, allowing butterflies to 'cheat' by having the best of both worlds - visibility in sunlight and concealment in shadows.
Researchers at ETH Zurich have developed a new control technology that enables ANYmal, a quadrupedal robot, to combine visual perception of its environment with proprioception-based sensing. This allows the robot to tackle rough terrain faster and more efficiently.
Researchers are working tirelessly to develop vaccines against the Omicron variant, a crucial step in combating the pandemic. By understanding the biology of Omicron, scientists hope to create effective treatments and boosters to protect against future pandemics.
A study by Rutgers University found that people with moderate or greater depressive symptoms are more likely to believe false statements about COVID-19 vaccines, with 29.3% of those affected supporting misinformation compared to 15.1% of unaffected individuals.
A new study found that hospitalized children who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 were more likely to develop neurological symptoms, including headache and altered mental status. The research also showed that these symptoms were more common in kids with MIS-C, a condition characterized by fever, inflammation, and organ dysfunction.
A University of Michigan-led study found that early lockdowns in the US pandemic saved lives, but the impact of subsequent measures is more complex. The study estimated potential lives saved and lost, highlighting the ambiguity of lockdown effectiveness.
Researchers found that levitating ice requires a significantly higher temperature threshold than liquid water, with the meltwater layer creating a temperature differential that consumes most of the surface's heat. This results in a larger temperature window for boiling, leading to better heat transfer compared to using a liquid alone.
Researchers developed a new flexible thermoelectric device that can wrap around pipes and convert wasted heat into electricity. The project is aimed at addressing climate change by increasing private forest owners' involvement in carbon offset projects.
Researchers at Rice University found that iron itself plays a role in its own corrosion when exposed to supercritical CO2 and trace amounts of water. Thin layers of 2D materials like graphene can serve as a barrier to prevent corrosion.
A study by University at Buffalo researchers found a correlation between excessive social media use and higher levels of C-reactive protein, a marker of chronic inflammation. Participants who used social media excessively also reported more frequent visits to doctors and health centers for illness treatment.
Researchers found that REM sleep has specific properties allowing rapid arousal in response to predatory stimuli. The medial subthalamic nucleus (mSTN) plays a key role in this process, producing a lowered arousal threshold during REM sleep for detecting predator threats.
A large survey study found an association between moderate depression symptoms and believing COVID-19 vaccine misinformation. The study included over 15,000 respondents and examined the psychological impact of vaccine misinformation on mental health.
The four-year programme will investigate the chemical signatures that trigger immunity in fungal infections, which kill an estimated 1.6 million people worldwide annually. By understanding these signatures and how fungi disguise them, researchers hope to uncover the origins of antifungal immunity.
Researchers developed unprecedented insights into the natural and commercial flow of fish, highlighting the importance of inclusive approaches to fisheries management and conservation. The study's findings indicate a strong connection between larval dispersal and catch distribution in Hawaii, emphasizing the need for community-based ma...
A research group from the Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics used non-toxic GeX4 as precursors to synthesize Pb-free and Pb-based PNCs with improved optoelectronic quality. They attributed this success to better control over halide ion release, resulting in regular crystal surfaces with fewer point defects.
A joint research team at KAIST developed a technique for facial expression detection using near-infrared light-field cameras and AI technology. The resulting NIR-based light-field camera (NIR-LFC) acquired high-quality 3D reconstruction images of facial expressions regardless of lighting conditions.
Researchers at Texas Tech University use supercomputers to analyze the dynamics of vortices and turbulence, finding that reconnection can lead to the formation of new structures. The study aims to improve fuel efficiency for cars and develop energy-saving aircraft designs.
A study from Brigham and Women's Hospital investigated diagnostic pitfalls in primary care, identifying patterns of errors and creating a taxonomy of generic types. The findings highlight disease-specific and generic cross-cutting pitfalls that clinicians can use to inform educational and quality improvement efforts.
A new study found that Black Americans who were initially hesitant about receiving a COVID-19 vaccine warmed up to the idea as the pandemic wore on and viewed vaccines as necessary for protection. The research highlights the importance of addressing access barriers, not just distrust or skepticism.
Researchers identified over 1,000 genes with substantial activity differences between male and female mouse brains, revealing specific groups of brain cells orchestrating sex-typical behaviors. The study also pinpointed more than 600 differences in gene-activation levels between female mice in different phases of their estrous cycle.
A new device can wrap around pipes and hot surfaces, converting wasted heat into usable electricity more efficiently than previous devices. The flexible thermoelectric generator offers higher power output and efficiency, making it suitable for widespread utilization in waste heat recovery applications.
Researchers identified gaps in care and treatment for women with Parkinson's Disease, highlighting the need for personalized medicine and psychosocial support. The study calls for increased attention to sex and gender differences in PD management.
Postpartum pelvic girdle pain (PPGP) is a complex condition requiring a multidisciplinary care approach. The new clinical practice guideline presents evidence-based recommendations for physical therapy management, including a hybrid diagnostic model and classification system.
Researchers from Germany and UK found that civic engagement has little impact on well-being, despite common assumptions. Non-political engagement in old age showed a small positive effect on life satisfaction, but other benefits were limited.
A study published in PLOS ONE found that a mange outbreak in San Guillermo National Park, Argentina decimated the wild vicuña and guanaco populations, with nearly three-quarters of the animals lost between 2017-18. The authors suggest domestic llamas introduced to the site may have triggered the outbreak.
Astronomers have captured detailed images of sinuous stellar jets emanating from young stars, suggesting that their sidewinding appearances are caused by gravitational attraction from companion stars. The observations were made using the Gemini South telescope's adaptive optics system.
A study published in Aging Cell found that late-life exercise can reverse skeletal muscle epigenetic aging in mice, making them appear 8 weeks younger than sedentary mice of the same age. The researchers used a weighted exercise wheel to stimulate muscle growth and reduce DNA methylation, a biological process linked to aging.
During the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in Canada, researchers found increased health service use and higher death rates among adults with dementia and Parkinson disease. The study examined changes in these populations compared to older adults without neurodegenerative diseases.