Researchers at UIC are developing a potential COVID-19 treatment using VT-109, which has shown promise in animal models by restoring lung function and reducing inflammation. The new funding will be used to conduct pre-clinical studies to determine efficacy, toxicity, and dosages before human trials.
Researchers at TU Wien have invented a new cooling concept that combines thermodynamics and quantum physics to break low-temperature records. By using quantum effects to cool a cloud of ultracold atoms, they achieved temperatures closer to absolute zero than ever before.
Mayo Clinic researchers used advanced imaging technology to visualize the BRCA1-BARD1 protein complex and its interaction with chromatin. The study provides new insights into how BRCA1-BARD1 functions, which could lead to improved cancer prevention efforts and drug development.
Recent Mayo Clinic research reveals a significant increase in opioid overdose-related emergency department visits during the COVID-19 pandemic. Opioid overdoses accounted for 1 in every 313 visits, up from 1 in every 400 visits in previous years.
A team of researchers has identified a gene called ZmCIPK15 that regulates the angle of root growth in corn, leading to improved nitrogen capture. This discovery could support breeding of crops with deeper roots to enhance food security, particularly in regions where nutrient deficiencies are prevalent.
Researchers at IOCB Prague develop a method to prepare metallic water without high pressure, by dissolving electrons from alkali metal in water vapor. The resulting solution lasts several seconds and contains dissolved alkali cations and hydroxide and hydrogen.
A new study using video recordings from animal-towed cameras reveals the secret life of basking sharks in Scottish waters. The research shows that the sharks engage in feeding, courtship and social behaviors, challenging previous assumptions about their solitary nature.
Researchers developed a non-invasive optical technique using spectroscopy to identify structural changes in the brain and diagnose Alzheimer's disease. The new technology has potential as a simple, completely non-invasive method of early detection and could also assess treatment effectiveness.
The American College of Cardiology has issued clinical guidance on reducing ASCVD risk in patients with persistent hypertriglyceridemia, recommending lifestyle intervention and non-statin therapies. The guidance emphasizes the importance of individualized nutrition guidance for these patients.
A new study from the Tata-Cornell Institute for Agriculture and Nutrition found that women's nutritional intake declined during the COVID-19 pandemic in India. The decline was particularly pronounced among underdeveloped regions, with significant decreases in food expenditures and consumption of micronutrient-rich foods.
A meta-analysis of nearly 200,000 men revealed 22 new genetic locations associated with inherited testicular germ cell tumors. The findings could help doctors identify high-risk patients and signal them to screen for the disease.
Researchers have discovered a new theory that explains the behavior of quantum systems with long-range interactions. The theory predicts that these systems will settle into meta-stable states rather than reaching equilibrium, leading to unique effects such as spiral arms in galaxies.
A recent focus group study investigated the factors affecting endometriosis diagnosis, revealing significant delays in diagnosis. Women with endometriosis reported an average time of 8.5 years from symptom onset to diagnosis, highlighting a lack of knowledge and understanding among patients, relatives, and doctors.
Researchers at Vanderbilt University have found that ketamine's long-term antidepressant effects are linked to the gene MeCP2 and synaptic adaptability. The study reveals how repeated exposure to ketamine strengthens synaptic plasticity, leading to cumulative and prolonged antidepressant effects.
Researchers at University of Colorado Boulder have developed a blood test that can assess the timing of an individual's internal circadian clock, potentially leading to personalized medicine breakthroughs. The study found that analyzing a combination of molecules in a single blood draw can determine the timing of a person's biological ...
New research reveals that magnetic fields of middle-aged stars become sub-critical, leading to reduced angular momentum losses and altered magnetic field strengths. This phenomenon breaks the relationship between a star's age and its rotation rate, allowing for a diversity of solar-stellar phenomena.
Physicists investigated why beer mats behave strangely when thrown. The study found that the mat tips backwards due to gravity, creating an angle of attack that generates lift in the airflow. When rotated like a frisbee, the lifting force causes the mat to drift off to the side, rather than flying straight.
The EIC Center at Jefferson Lab has awarded six new one-year fellowships to support early-career scientists working on the Electron-Ion Collider's research goals. The winners are pursuing R&D projects to enhance detector design, experimental design, and computing environment.
Researchers identified nine dietary compounds with potent anticancer properties by exhibiting inhibitory effects on different cancers. These compounds are found in non-starchy plants such as broccoli, cabbage, and carrots, and include silibinin, flavopiridol, and guggulsterone.
Neuroscientists at Kyoto University have discovered brain networks that connect anxiety to pessimistic decision-making. The pregenual ACC, a middle layer of the brain, plays a key role in integrating feelings with rational thinking and is linked to avoidance and pessimistic decision-making.
Researchers have identified a biomarker, MHC-II, that predicts response to immunotherapies in breast cancer patients. The study found that MHC-II expression is associated with response to standard chemotherapy plus durvalumab or pembrolizumab, but not to standard neoadjuvant chemotherapy alone.
A study from Binghamton University found that mobile apps can significantly reduce blood pressure in patients with chronic hypertension. The apps allowed for regular tracking of blood pressure readings and direct communication between patients and providers, leading to improved coordination and care.
A new study published in PLOS Biology elucidates a female sex pheromone pathway in cockroaches, revealing that blocking an enzyme reduces pheromone production and female attractiveness. The study provides valuable insights into insect sexual behavior regulation.
Researchers at North Carolina State University demonstrated a low-cost technique for recycling nanowires from electronic devices. The method involves dissolving the polymer matrix containing the nanowire network and separating the nanowires using ultrasound, allowing for their reuse in new devices. After four life cycles, the nanowires...
Yanhong Shi and her team are developing an autologous treatment for Canavan disease using induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) technology, which has shown promising results in preclinical studies. The goal is to correct the genetic mutation that causes the disease by introducing a functional ASPA gene into brain cells.
Researchers have discovered distinct populations of neurons in the mesencephalic locomotor region that control different body movements. These findings could improve therapies for Parkinson's disease by targeting specific neuronal populations involved in postural changes and body extension.
A new study highlights the range of brain complications experienced by hospitalised adults in the UK with severe COVID-19, including strokes and psychiatric events. Modifiable risk factors such as diabetes and high blood pressure contributed to the risk of stroke, even in younger patients.
Researchers at Hokkaido University have designed a highly stable platinum-gallium catalyst that can support propylene production at very high temperatures, making it suitable for a month. The 'doubly decorated' catalyst is alloyed with lead and calcium, which blocks side reactions and improves stability.
Researchers from McGill University and Harvard University developed a simple test to measure creative potential, using the Divergent Association Task (DAT). The study found that naming unrelated words can predict creativity levels, with greater distances between words indicating higher creative abilities.
Research suggests that Western wildfires will initially intensify for about a decade due to hotter and drier conditions, then decrease in size as fire becomes self-limiting.
Scientists have discovered a protein biomarker in blood that could help diagnose schizophrenia at an early age. The study found high levels of active CRMP2 protein, which is uniquely imbalanced in people diagnosed with the condition.
A KAUST-led research team has developed an approach to mix high-precision calculations with lower precision for large geospatial datasets, significantly speeding up modeling without overall precision loss. The technique, implemented on high-performance computing systems, will enable larger datasets to be analyzed in shorter timeframes.
Researchers explore the potential of using finely ground rock to remove CO2 from the atmosphere, finding substantial CO2 removal rates of up to 2.5 gigaton per year. Basalt powder is found to have high weatherability and can enhance soil fertility, leading to increased ecosystem carbon storage.
A new clinical guideline from ASTRO provides guidance on the use of radiation therapy to treat adult patients with soft tissue sarcoma, recommending optimal radiation dosing and techniques. The guideline also addresses the role of radiation therapy for retroperitoneal sarcomas.
Researchers at German Cancer Research Center successfully tested a protective vaccination against hereditary colorectal cancer in mice, achieving a significant delay in tumor development. Combining the vaccine with an anti-inflammatory drug further increased its effectiveness, showing promise for future clinical applications.
Researchers developed a topical fluorescent imaging agent targeting PARP1 enzyme in cervical cancer cells, enabling real-time detection with handheld microscopes. This non-invasive method could revolutionize cervical cancer screenings and biopsies, especially in low-resource areas.
New research from the University of Arizona identifies climate-related threats to US Department of Defense facilities in the southwestern United States. The study recommends emphasizing risks to DOD missions, finding champions at individual bases, and integrating climate considerations into existing plans to mitigate these challenges.
A University of Otago study found that women with postpartum depression experience different intensity and hedonic perception of smells compared to healthy women. The research adds evidence to the argument that postpartum depression should be studied separately from major depression.
A researcher at MUSC has developed an AI algorithm that analyzes clinical notes to identify patients at risk of suicide. The algorithm achieved accuracy rates of around 98.5% when trained on electronic health records, and nearly 80% when validated against existing predictive models.
A new study updates the world scientists' warning of a climate emergency, highlighting worsening environmental conditions despite reduced fossil fuel use during the COVID-19 pandemic. The authors emphasize the need for profound changes in human behavior and policy shifts to mitigate the crisis.
A study found that antibodies produced to fight Covid-19 can trigger platelet activity, leading to fatal blood clots. Researchers developed a lab-based test to replicate this process, and suggest that existing medications may be able to inhibit platelet response.
A study led by York University found that pediatric neurosurgeons develop meaningful long-term relationships with their patients and families, caring deeply about them. However, these relational bonds also bring challenging emotions, particularly when communicating bad news or witnessing patients' suffering or death.
Two-dimensional (2D) metal-organic framework (MOF) nanosheets show improved detection performance in sensing applications compared to their three-dimensional counterparts. The research reveals excellent fluorescence stability, high selectivity towards fluoride ions, and faster response times.
Researchers estimate global dementia cases will nearly triple to 152 million by 2050 due to a combination of factors, including aging population growth and increasing risk factors like obesity and heart health issues. The highest increase is projected in eastern sub-Saharan Africa, North Africa, and the Middle East.
A study suggests that selenium can sustain microbial activity in the continental deep biosphere, enabling chemolithotrophic microbes to thrive. High-precision Se-isotope data combined with trace-metal data and Pt-Os ages indicate a possible microbial origin of platinum nuggets.
A recent ASU study reveals that up to 75% of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) used in laundry and dish pods goes untreated in US wastewater treatment plants, amounting to around 8,000 tons released annually. This raises concerns about the environmental impact of these products, as PVA can sequester heavy metals and alter gas exchanges.
The National Institutes of Health's HEALthy Brain and Child Development study aims to identify the impacts of prenatal substance exposure on child development. A 50-state analysis of laws addressing substance use during pregnancy highlights diverse state-by-state policies, with some statutes being more punitive than others.
Healthcare workers in Canada shared their concerns and sources of distress during the pandemic on an online forum. The study highlights the emotional toll of working in healthcare during a global health crisis.
A study by UC Riverside researchers found that street-based sex workers invest considerable emotional effort into maintaining loyal customers. They use relational work activities such as friendly service, flexible payments, and scheduling to retain clients. This approach helps them avoid potentially violent or abusive clients and provi...
Researchers developed a new framework using deep learning techniques to create 3D visualizations from X-ray data. This method is hundreds of times faster than traditional methods, enabling scientists to analyze large amounts of 3D data more efficiently.
The Big Bear Solar Observatory will become home to NSF's Synoptic Optical Long-term Investigations of the Sun (SOLIS) telescope, enabling researchers to study long-term changes in the Sun's activity and its impact on Earth. SOLIS will provide comprehensive observations of the Sun's magnetic fields, solar flares, and space weather events.
A new $2.7 million grant from the US Department of Energy will support a three-year research effort to identify and store quantum information in solids, enabling significant advancements in quantum computing. The project aims to build a database of viable qbits by analyzing defects in solids.
Patients who underwent bariatric surgery reported improved physical health, energy, and reduced body pain compared to those on medical therapy alone. Significant weight loss and insulin independence drove these improvements in general health measures and quality of life.
A new study found that US high school students felt more respected and their views moved closer to agreement in consensus-based political discussions than in group debates. The study, published in the Peabody Journal of Education, suggests that deliberation can promote openness to changing one's mind and being persuaded.
Researchers developed a three-step process to recycle superabsorbent polymers from diapers into reusable adhesives. The acid-based method requires less energy and generates lower greenhouse gas emissions than traditional adhesives made from petroleum, resulting in significant environmental benefits.
Researchers have discovered a long-sought link between the mechanisms of cell division and cell adhesion, revealing a unifying control process. The study identifies CDK1 binding to talin as a key interaction, indicating a critical role in regulating cell proliferation and adhesion.
A new study by Yale School of the Environment Associate Professor Narasimha Rao found that poorer households in India are disproportionately affected by air pollution caused by other sources. The study highlights that wealthier households contribute less to pollution but reap fewer benefits from cleaner alternatives.
A study found that the Australian bushfires had a more significant impact on global climate than pandemic lockdowns, cooling the planet by about .06 degrees Celsius. The fires injected sulfates and other particles into the atmosphere, disrupting the climate system and influencing storm tracks.
Researchers at UVA's Charles L. Brown Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering are working on a project called PATRONUS, which aims to integrate photonic integrated circuits into a single chip. This could lead to faster data centers and next-generation wireless communication systems.
A biologist is studying anole lizard diversity in Caribbean islands to identify rare species at risk of extinction. The research will inform strategies to conserve vulnerable species by examining niche characteristics such as diet, habitat, and temperature interactions.