Cornell University researchers developed micron-sized shape memory actuators that enable atomically thin materials to fold themselves into 3D configurations. These tiny machines can hold their shape even after voltage is removed, enabling potential applications in nano-robots and smart materials.
A large-scale study found that the introduction of RADLogics' AI-Powered solution into radiology workflow reduced report turnaround time by an average of 30 percent, equivalent to 7 minutes per case. The study also showed a significant improvement in productivity and report accuracy.
Researchers have discovered an enzyme on the surface of Aspergillus fumigatus that breaks down vital molecule NAD, affecting immune cells and weakening the immune system. The discovery may lead to new treatments for fungal infections.
Non-circulating memory T cells play a crucial role in chronic transplant rejection by providing local protection against re-infection and causing prolonged immune responses. Targeting these cells could improve clinical transplant outcomes while preserving the immune system's ability to fight off infections.
Researchers have developed a new imaging technique that allows them to visualize immune T cells in three dimensions, revealing specialized niches that determine their function. The study identifies avenues for therapeutically targeting effector and memory cells, which could lead to improved vaccine strategies.
Researchers used quantum simulations to understand glycerol carbonate, a compound that could improve lithium-ion battery efficiency and reduce environmental impact. The study revealed new details about hydrogen bonding and its effects on solvent properties.
Scientists at Karolinska Institutet have determined the 3D structure and mechanism of MGST2, an enzyme involved in oxidative stress and DNA damage. The study's findings reveal three functional units controlled by sophisticated movements, regulating vital functions and offering insights into future drug development.
A recent study published in Toxicological Research & Application compared the effects of vape aerosol and cigarette smoke on human lung tissue. The research found that exposure to vape aerosol had a minimal impact on gene expression compared to combustible cigarettes.
Researchers found that without battery storage, homeowners only use 30-40% of their solar PV electricity, while the rest is exported to the grid. With a home battery, self-consumption doubles and grid reliance reduces by up to 84%. Innovative energy policies can make PV-batteries profitable, even in low-solar irradiation countries.
A new review published in the Journal of Dairy Science suggests that fermented milks may help reduce hypertension by modulating gut microbiota. The researchers propose the development of tailor-made fermented milks to target this effect, which could have significant implications for cardiovascular health.
Researchers at Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology are conducting a first-in-human Phase I trial to evaluate the safety and efficacy of Peptomyc's novel Myc inhibitor Omomyc in treating advanced solid tumors. The trial aims to confirm the compound's therapeutic potential, particularly for patients with progressed disease.
A team of researchers from Pompeu Fabra University has developed a new technology to print cellular devices on paper that can be used outside the laboratory. These devices can detect multiple markers and generate complex responses, making them useful for applications such as detecting mercury, cholera, or preeclampsia.
Researchers used holographic stimulation and calcium imaging to study the effects of acute pain on neuronal network activity. They found that spontaneous activity and synchronization between neurons increased during pain, and that blocking N-type calcium ion channels helped restore pain thresholds.
Researchers attached an omnidirectional camera to a humpback whale to study its resting behavior. The whale was found to be inactive for half the recorded period, with active behavior in the latter half, suggesting it may have been recovering from foraging.
A new Mayo Clinic research found that tumor mutation burden is significantly inflated in Black patients with cancer compared to White patients, affecting therapy selection. The study suggests that accurate tumor mutational burden is crucial for predicting optimal treatment for patients with diverse ancestral backgrounds.
Bioengineers have discovered a way to harness multiple forms of regulation in living cells to strictly control gene expression. This breakthrough enables precise regulation of biochemical processes involved in producing chemicals, medicines, and other products, leading to improved biotechnologies.
Researchers have established theorems that guarantee whether a given machine learning algorithm will work as it scales up on larger computers. This breakthrough solves a key problem of useability for quantum machine learning and takes an important step toward achieving quantum advantage.
Researchers have developed a new dye called MS5 that significantly enhances the efficiency of dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs), which are already being manufactured on a large scale. The new dye produces an open-circuit voltage of 1.24 Volts and achieves a power conversion efficiency of 13.5%, surpassing previous records in the field.
A study by University of Tokyo researchers found that writing on physical paper leads to more brain activity when remembering information an hour later. Paper's unique spatial and tactile information enhances memory recall. In contrast, digital tools were slower and scored worse in simple test questions.
A study from the University of Eastern Finland found that adolescent binge drinking is associated with changes in the volume of the cerebellum in young adulthood. Heavy drinkers showed reduced posterior cerebellar lobules compared to light drinkers, affecting motor and cognitive functions.
Researchers at Lancaster University have made a breakthrough in measuring miniscule levels of plutonium pollution in soils to differentiate between local and global sources. This innovation could help inform clean-up operations around nuclear power plants, saving time and money.
A study analyzed over 1,000 medical records from two US hospitals to examine potential disparities in resource allocation under crisis standards of care. The researchers found no evidence of bias against patients based on race or ethnicity.
A University of Pittsburgh-led survey found US hospitals struggled with strain during the 2017-18 flu season, highlighting a need for pandemic planning. The study's findings suggest that lessons from past crises can inform better preparedness strategies.
University of Cincinnati assistant professor Ashley Ross is developing tools to detect and study chemical signals between the brain and immune system using a federal grant. Her research aims to understand how neurons regulate inflammation and develop new therapies.
A research group at Osaka City University has shown that convict cichlid fish display prosocial choice tasks, choosing to share food with a partner rather than an unknown or rival fish. This behavior suggests that these small fish have an altruistic nature and can distinguish between paired females, unknown females, and rival males.
Research reveals that although more stroke patients are receiving mechanical clot removal, racial disparities in treatment persist. The study found a significant difference in short- and long-term outcomes between non-Hispanic white patients and those from other racial and ethnic groups.
Researchers at Ohio State University developed a technology called tissue nanotransfection (TNT) that reprograms skin cells into vascular cells to repair damaged brain tissue. In a mouse study, cells treated with this innovative cell therapy regained 90% of their motor function, showing promise for treating stroke patients.
A nine-month program combining theoretical studies and meditation practices improved life satisfaction, perceived well-being, and emotional regulation. The study suggests that happiness is linked to inner equilibrium and offers a secular approach to develop authentic happiness.
During the COVID-19 pandemic, potentially avoidable hospitalizations for non-COVID conditions dropped more among white patients than Black patients. This UCLA study suggests that existing racial healthcare disparities worsened, with African Americans facing worse access to outpatient care.
A multinational team discovered at least two inactive and three active conformations of the human adenosine A2A receptor, dependent on ligands and G protein interactions. The study sheds new light on GPCR activation and signaling, offering opportunities for drug discovery.
A study by Universitat Oberta de Catalunya found that 80% of Spanish health professionals are willing to receive the COVID-19 vaccine. The main reasons for not wanting vaccination were concerns about safety and side effects. The low acceptance rate among nursing staff is particularly worrying, as they are closely involved with patients.
New research published in CMAJ finds COVID-19 infection during pregnancy associated with increased risks of preeclampsia, stillbirth, and preterm birth. Pregnant individuals with severe COVID-19 symptoms are particularly vulnerable to these complications.
Research reveals COVID-19 patients are at a higher risk of stroke, particularly those with high blood pressure, Type 2 diabetes, or irregular heartbeat. The analysis of over 20,000 patients found that Black Americans may have a higher risk of ischemic stroke after contracting the virus.
A phase III clinical trial showed that reducing steroid use in intermediate-fit older patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma yields similar outcomes to standard treatment. The adapted Rd treatment schedule spares steroid use after nine months, resulting in fewer adverse effects and improved event-free survival.
Researchers from Aarhus University have developed an intelligent light trap that can count insects and determine their species, significantly boosting nature monitoring. The invention uses ultraviolet light to attract insects and image recognition to register them, allowing for more precise knowledge about insect populations and habitats.
Sabrina L. Spencer, a CU Boulder researcher, has won two awards to further her research on drug-resistant cancer cells. The grants will help her investigate how these cells acquire DNA damage and activate stress response pathways to evade drugs. Understanding these mechanisms could lead to new treatments for cancer.
A study examined COVID-19 outcomes in patients with multiple sclerosis, finding that certain patient characteristics are linked to worse outcomes. The analysis revealed associations between disease severity and SARS-CoV-2 infection risk factors.
A study co-developed with local stakeholders explores regional water scenarios to facilitate rational water resource planning in the extended Lake Victoria Basin. The analysis suggests that water use and withdrawal will increase significantly due to population and GDP growth, coupled with climate change.
Scientists have developed a novel technology combining 3-D bioelectronic systems with human neural cultures to study brain development and repair. The device can record electrical activity, manipulate neural activity using light pulses, and perform optogenetic experiments.
A recent analysis of climate data from the last millennium reveals that megadroughts in Central Europe were characterised by a weak or negative phase of the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation and reduced solar radiation.
The eukaryotic cell nucleus has an organized layout, similar to a superstore, with DNA-packed into compact structures and molecules moving efficiently through channels. The chromatin fibers work like shelves, holding genetic information, while proteins move randomly within the channels according to Brownian motion rules.
Researchers found that virtual reality can reduce types of pain typically seen in patients with nerve injuries, including prickling and touch-related pain. The study also showed that VR can boost the body's natural pain inhibiting process by enhancing conditioned pain modulation.
Researchers have found that disrupting the interaction between cancer cells and certain immune cells is more effective at killing cancer cells than current immunotherapy treatments. The new approach, targeting protein CD6, has shown promise in mice and may also treat autoimmune diseases.
Researchers have developed smart buoys using seawater batteries to monitor various marine data, including salinity, pH, and water temperature. The buoys utilize a naturally-abundant sodium source in seawater to charge and discharge electricity, enabling scalable energy storage.
A five-member team led by Jingqiu Mao at the University of Alaska Fairbanks is working on a tool to provide air quality forecasts for Alaskans and visitors. The team will use satellite data, ground-based instruments, and computer models to create a web-based forecast that can help wildland fire managers deploy resources effectively.
Research by Linköping University finds that foreign-born employees are more likely to experience person-related bullying, which is based on their cultural identity. The study reveals an increased risk of workplace bullying for people born abroad, particularly those from Asia.
A new coating technology has been developed to stabilize Ni-rich cathodes in lithium-ion batteries, improving cycling stability and capacity retention. The technique involves infusing a cobalt boride metallic glass into the grain boundaries of the cathode material, resulting in improved electrochemical performance and safety.
A pilot study found COVID-19 transmission is rare in schools with proper precautions such as masking, distancing and frequent hand-washing. Only two people received positive test results indicating probable school-based SARS-CoV-2 secondary transmission.
Researchers at Ruhr-University Bochum found that flashlight fish use blink patterns resembling Morse code to communicate in schools. The frequency and intensity of these signals affect the animals' behavior, with faster blinking associated with increased attraction to group members.
Researchers at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute have developed a polymerized estrogen biomaterial that shows promise as a treatment for spinal cord injuries. The study found enhanced neuroprotection in preclinical mouse models with implanted polymerized estrogen, suggesting a potential therapeutic approach.
Research found that high vitamin D levels above traditional sufficient levels are associated with a lower risk of COVID-19, especially in Black individuals. Vitamin D deficiency is linked to an increased risk of testing positive for COVID-19.
Researchers found that every person has two to four hidden genetic defects, which can lead to diseases if inherited from both parents. Consanguineous couples are at high risk, with 20% of cases showing increased risks for serious disorders in offspring.
Researchers at Pennington Biomedical Research Center found that maintaining a stable body weight does not guarantee muscle mass and increases the risk of premature death among colorectal cancer survivors. Women are particularly vulnerable to losing muscle mass, with one in five women experiencing significant changes.
A new study found that microplastics in wastewater treatment plants can host antibiotic-resistant bacteria and pathogens, leading to a significant increase in resistance by up to 30 times. The microplastics form a biofilm that allows the bacteria to attach and exchange genes, posing risks to human health.
A new study published in the Journal of the American College of Surgeons found that patients undergoing elective esophagectomy, gastrectomy, or pancreatectomy for malignancies at top-ranked hospitals had significantly lower in-hospital death rates compared to those at unranked hospitals. The average annual case volume for these high-ri...
A new antibiotic compound targets a molecular pathway found in bacteria but not humans, clearing infection of multi-drug resistant gonorrhea in mice with a single oral dose. The research team developed the compound through iterative optimization and testing, demonstrating its potential as a single-dose therapy for gonorrhea.
Scientists have discovered that sugars called mannoses play a crucial role in the immune system's response to malaria and sickle cell disease. This breakthrough could lead to new therapeutic approaches for treating these diseases.
The LSU Veterinary School has received a $11 million grant from the National Institutes of Health to create a Center for Pre-Clinical Cancer Research, which aims to develop more effective anti-cancer treatments. The new center will provide specialized core facilities and training opportunities for researchers.
Researchers have identified a small molecule drug candidate that targets the uptake of glutamine in cancer cells, slowing the growth of melanoma and other cancers. The study, published in Molecular Cancer Therapeutics, offers an exciting new therapeutic approach for treating tumors addicted to glutamine.
As US winters warm, tropical plants and animals are expanding their ranges northward, altering ecosystems and posing risks to human health. The study found that insects, fish, reptiles, and mammals are among the species adapting to warmer temperatures, while others may be less welcome, such as invasive Burmese pythons.
A recent study at the Paul Scherrer Institute has revealed that airborne particulate matter can generate additional oxygen radicals, which can cause oxidative stress and damage lung tissue. The formation of these radicals is triggered by the interaction of iron and organic compounds under typical weather conditions.
A study conducted at Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center found that COVID-19 cases resulted in significantly more hospitalizations, mechanical ventilation, and mortality rates than influenza cases, highlighting the severity of COVID-19 on patients and hospitals.
A new study suggests that people who report no stress experience better daily well-being and fewer chronic health conditions. However, they also perform lower on cognitive function tests and are less likely to engage in social activities.
Researchers have discovered that ADAR1 can bind to multiple forms of RNA, leading to the misregulation of the immune response in cancer. This finding has implications for the development of new therapies targeting ADAR1's role in cancer regulation and other diseases.
Scientists at Tomsk Polytechnic University have discovered a way to synthesize cyclic carbonates from atmospheric CO2 using sunlight and gold nanoparticles. This method is more efficient and environmentally friendly than traditional methods, which require high temperatures and pressure.
Nearly two-thirds of Canadian adults aged 45-85 reported adverse childhood experiences, including physical abuse, intimate partner violence, and emotional abuse. The research found that exposure to these experiences varied by demographic factors, such as age, sex, education, and socioeconomic status.
The Systems Biology of Early Atopy study aims to integrate biological, environmental, and genetic data to better understand the origins of allergic diseases in children. The 2,500-family study will examine prenatal and early childhood markers of high risk for food allergy and eczema.
Researchers at Oregon State University found that even one session of moderate aerobic exercise increases the cells' ability to burn off fuels. Post-exercise, mitochondria burned 12-13% more fat-based fuel and 14-17% more sugar-based fuel.
Researchers found that men exposed to endocrine disruptors in utero are twice as likely to have low semen volume and sperm count. Exposure to pesticides, phthalates, and heavy metals is associated with poorer sperm quality.
Researchers found that climate change and human disturbances like fire can slow down forest regrowth in the Amazon. The study suggests that protecting these forests is crucial to mitigate climate change.
Researchers developed a non-invasive methodology using artificial intelligence to analyze crop seed quality. The technique uses light-based technology and machine learning to identify immature or poor-quality seeds, avoiding the need for destructive germination tests and providing more accurate results in less time.
Researchers Adam Overvig and Andrea Alù show that strict periodicity is not required for Fano resonances, enabling novel properties in metasurfaces. They demonstrate a nonperiodic metasurface with perfect reflection and phase conjugation, opening up new applications in optics and beyond.
Columbia Engineers use DNA nanotechnology to design nanoparticle-based 3D materials that can withstand extreme conditions. The new fabrication process results in robust and fully engineered nanoscale frameworks with a broad range of applications.
Researchers surveyed 9,911 people in Germany and the US, finding that emphasizing urgency alone doesn't increase support for high-cost climate plans. However, giving context and communicating effective near-term solutions can boost support, particularly when politicians are transparent, engaging, and authentic.
Researchers have identified a neuroprotective pathway that sustains the nucleocytoplasmic RAN gradient, suppressing Lou Gehrig's Disease. The LSM12-EPAC1 pathway normalizes abnormal RAN concentration differences, restoring cellular function.
MIT researchers develop a vaccination strategy that creates an army of T cells ready at the respiratory tract's mucosal surfaces, boosting immune responses. The approach uses albumin proteins to ferry vaccines across mucosal barriers, offering a quicker response to viral invaders and potential treatment for lung cancer.
Recent generations show a worrying decline in health compared to previous generations, with poorer physical health, higher levels of unhealthy behaviors, and more depression and anxiety. The researchers found that measures of physical health have worsened from the Baby Boomer generation through Gen X and Gen Y.
A new gene therapy approach using zinc finger proteins has shown long-lasting effects in reducing tau protein levels and reversing brain damage in an animal model of Alzheimer's disease. The treatment involves a single injection and could potentially lead to a new treatment for patients with this devastating illness.
Researchers found associations between vitamin D levels and COVID-19 test results in White and Black individuals, with higher levels linked to positive test results. The study suggests that racial differences in vitamin D levels may play a role in varying COVID-19 outcomes.
Research from Cranfield University reveals that organisations can tap into the unique skills of neurodiverse employees, but fear of stereotyping holds them back. The study found that stereotype threat is a major barrier to hiring and retaining neurodiverse staff, highlighting the need for companies to create more inclusive workplaces.
Researchers at Aalto University used neuroimaging to identify where the brain activates among children identified as having a high risk of dyslexia. The study found that difficulties in processing sounds and learning new words are linked to the left auditory cortex, making reading more difficult.
The European Society of Cardiology's ESC Preventive Cardiology 2021 conference explores the latest research and strategies for preventing heart disease. Experts discuss the role of diet, exercise, and lifestyle habits in maintaining cardiovascular health and identify the most effective ways to promote physical activity and healthy eating.