A research team at Heidelberg University and Paris discovered a protein called Npas4 that regulates the structure and function of nerve cells controlling addiction behavior. Reducing Npas4 levels led to weaker responses to cocaine in mice, suggesting a biological basis for addiction.
The KEYNOTE-811 trial demonstrates a significant improvement in objective response rate (74.4%) and tumor size reduction compared to trastuzumab and chemotherapy. The combination of pembrolizumab, trastuzumab, and chemotherapy markedly reduces tumor size and induces complete responses in some patients.
Researchers mapped how HTLV-1 transforms T-cells into cancerous cells, revealing the virus over-activates them and makes them more vulnerable to DNA damage. This study provides new directions for potential treatments to prevent cancer development.
Researchers used Rayleigh waves to produce high-resolution images of the rocks underneath the ice sheet, identifying key factors controlling ice flow. The study provides a better understanding of processes contributing to accelerated ice discharge into the ocean and sea level rise.
A new study reveals the high human costs of COVID travel restrictions, affecting migrants, families, and international students with prolonged separation across geographical distances. The research highlights intensified experiences of foreignness, non-belonging, and precariousness, as well as threats to livelihoods and wellbeing.
Expert Declan Patton analyzes seven nursery rhymes to teach the importance of safe play and occupational hazards in preventing head injuries. The study highlights the role of biomechanics, impact surfaces, and protective equipment in reducing skull fractures.
An analysis of thousands of children's books published between 1960 and 2020 found that while female protagonists are increasingly represented, males remain overrepresented. The study also identified factors associated with representation, including author gender and book genre.
A Korean research team has successfully commercialized a low-temperature photoresist for OLED micro-displays, allowing for high-resolution displays with pixel sizes of 3μm or less. This technology enables the production of ultra-high-resolution panels with dense pixelation.
Researchers at USC Dornsife College of Letters, Arts and Sciences have created a process that increases the chances of finding effective drugs in a fraction of the time and at significantly less expense than current methods. V-SYNTHES, a virtual method developed by Vsevolod Katritch and colleagues, uses synthons to efficiently puzzle t...
A study of over 4,000 Brazilian crowdfunding campaigns found that cities with higher income inequality led to successful campaigns, while diverse rewards and lower fundraising targets improved outcomes. Researchers also developed an algorithm to predict campaign success using artificial intelligence.
A pilot study found that virtually guided prolonged exposure therapy reduced PTSD symptoms more effectively than traditional exposure alone, using real-time psychophysiology to tailor stress levels. Most patients saw a clinically significant reduction in their PTSD Checklist score after 10-12 sessions.
Researchers found that exposure to six major air pollutants remains higher for racial and ethnic minorities than white Americans, regardless of income level. The study used models incorporating data from satellites and EPA monitoring stations to map pollution levels onto census demographic groups across the contiguous US.
Researchers have found that depleting copper levels in the body can greatly reduce the ability of cancer cells to metastasize, including aggressive breast cancer. The discovery provides hope for developing more effective treatments for high-risk triple-negative breast cancer.
Researchers at Hefei Institutes of Physical Science and SHMFF demonstrated a magnetic ordering and external magnetic field can induce topological transition in EuAs3, featuring massive Dirac points, inverted bands, and topological surface states. The study explores the interaction between magnetism and electronic band structure topology.
Researchers have discovered that negative capacitance in topological transistors can switch at lower voltage, potentially reducing energy losses. This new design could help alleviate the unsustainable energy load of computing, which consumes about 8% of global electricity supply.
Researchers at Washington State University discovered that combining gallic acid with stretching decreases inflammation markers and improves protein production in arthritic cartilage cells. This finding suggests a potential new procedure for treating osteoarthritis by growing healthy cartilage tissue.
A new blood test developed at Hebrew University of Jerusalem detects immune and inflammatory activity in tissues by monitoring circulating DNA fragments. This method provides accurate information about immune processes in remote tissues, removing the need for invasive measures.
Scientists have developed a new method using CRISPR-Cas9 to target specific fat cells, reducing the time and cost of genetic discovery in obesity research. The technique allows researchers to study genes in brown adipose tissue, which plays a crucial role in regulating body temperature.
Scientists developed a novel nanoporous gating system to precisely control and observe dynamic gating processes, inspired by cell performance. The system achieved controlled dynamic gating through conducting polymer polypyrrole at sub-2 nm speed.
Researchers developed a new metal-organic framework treatment that effectively eliminates H2O2-secreting bacteria, alleviating pulmonary injury and preventing systemic sepsis. The treatment, nFMs@Amp, uses Fe3+-doped metal organic frameworks loaded with antibiotic ampicillin to target and kill the bacteria.
A new study has made an Alzheimer's disease biomarker test available to all Canadians, enabling doctors to accurately diagnose the disease even when mild symptoms are present. The test aims to improve care and support for individuals living with Alzheimer's disease and their families.
Measuring apple liquors' conductivity can provide a more objective assessment of their processing, allowing for better flavor quality. The study found that monitoring conductivity during distillation can identify the best conditions for producing high-quality apple spirits.
Researchers found that marine heatwaves kill the largest and youngest coral colonies, raising concerns about reef reproductive future. The study suggests that heatwaves could restructure coral size distribution on reefs.
AS-202 demonstrates excellent safety and potency as a potential treatment for ALS, with significant improvements in motor function and survival in an aggressive TDP-43 mouse model. The data also shows that AS-202 is a potent PIKFYVE suppressor with no significant off-target effects.
Researchers have discovered a fundamental role of the TBK1 enzyme in deciding B cell fate, crucial for developing effective vaccines for diseases like COVID-19 and malaria. The study reveals that TBK1 is necessary for germinal center formation and high-quality antibody production.
Researchers discovered that HIV chooses its viral RNA genome based on a two-nucleotide difference, which could be targeted by new drugs. This finding has implications for future HIV treatments and is an important scientific step towards understanding the virus's replication process.
Researchers discovered that mechanical forces guide cell development, influencing gene expression and potentially leading to pathologies like heart disease. The findings could inspire advances in engineering authentic artificial tissue for medical applications.
Surrey experts identify overlooked factors contributing to inefficient TFTs, suggesting optimization opportunities for SGTs. They share crucial electrostatic properties secret ingredient for successful transistor realization.
Researchers at Georgia Institute of Technology created soft flexible photodetectors that are up to 200% stretchable and can detect fainter light levels than conventional devices. The breakthrough material has potential applications in medical wearable sensors, implantable devices, and intelligence systems.
Freshwater from melting sea ice delays carbon absorption and storage in the Arctic Ocean. The study found that four months of organic carbon production were trapped above 50 meters, with more nutrients and biomass reaching the ocean floor.
Research by Aston University psychologists found that children who watched adults eat green vegetables with positive facial expressions consumed more than double the amount of those vegetables. The study suggests that smiling while eating can encourage children to try and eat more, especially less popular vegetables like broccoli.
A study published in PLOS ONE found that meditation can affect individuals in distinct ways, with experienced meditators exhibiting different physiological responses. While some practitioners displayed signs of relaxation, others showed mental concentration, highlighting the need for tailored approaches to assisted meditation.
Researchers detected emerging synthetic antioxidants in e-waste recycling dust, including hindered phenol and sulfur antioxidants. The study highlights the need for further research on their environmental behaviors and toxicities.
Countries without face mask mandates experienced significantly higher COVID-19 deaths per million than those with mandates, according to a new study. Masks provided a supplementary layer of protection that could prevent unnecessary deaths.
Researchers have identified a novel immune-like mechanism by which healthy epithelial cells recognize and eliminate precancerous cells through a MHC class I-LILRB3 interaction. This process generates mechanical force to extrude the precancerous cells from the body, offering new hope for cancer prevention and treatment.
A US survey found that dog owners experienced fewer negative psychological impacts from the COVID-19 pandemic compared to potential dog owners. The study suggests that dog ownership may have played a role in mitigating the mental health effects of isolation and confinement.
Researchers propose a new model for electricity trade that balances economic interests and considers the stability of economic ties. The model suggests ways to improve cooperation between nations and prioritize transit country interests.
The Monitoring the Future survey found a significant decrease in illicit drug use among adolescents in 2021, with notable declines in alcohol, marijuana, and vaping use. The survey also reported moderate increases in mental health indicators, highlighting an unexpected consequence of the COVID-19 pandemic.
A study by Spanish researchers has deciphered the landscape of third-order interactions in cancer, revealing that many genes involved in cancer may require one or two hits depending on other mutations. This discovery opens the way to more precise genetic diagnosis and new therapeutic targets.
Scientists have found age rings in Marimo, indicating their growth rate and annual growth of up to 9mm. The study also shows how the algae balls recycle nutrients through a small-scale nutrient cycle, with exchanges occurring every 105 hours.
Researchers from Monash University have discovered an enzyme called NOX-4 that enhances insulin responsiveness and promotes metabolic health. This discovery has opened up the possibility of developing drugs to target this enzyme and protect against age-related diseases like type 2 diabetes.
Christmas trees and ivy are generally safe, but holly's berries contain saponins that can cause stomach upset. Pears and mistletoe should also be avoided due to cyanide and viscotoxin content. Safe options include cyclamen species, Christmas Cactus, and poinsettia.
Researchers at Mayo Clinic found that mRNA therapy improves the response of patients who weren't responding to cancer immunotherapy. The study identified a weak spot in T cells, white blood cells crucial for fighting cancer, and developed an mRNA-based strategy to enhance their response.
Tropical seagrass meadows may not be as effective in absorbing carbon dioxide as previously believed. According to a new study, some of these ecosystems actually release more CO2 into the atmosphere than they store. This finding is significant for accurately calculating their climate protection potential.
A team of researchers from the University of Groningen developed an AI-based system that can identify individual Holstein cows in a milking station based on their coat pattern. The system achieved a recognition rate of 99.7% and has several advantages, including non-invasiveness, cost-effectiveness, and scalability.
A novel gene delivery technique has successfully restored hearing in mice with a mutated STRC gene, which is the second most common genetic cause of hearing loss. The approach could be used to deliver other large genes and may provide a broad window of opportunity for treatment from babies to adults.
A research team has reconstructed the preglacial topography of North America's mid-continent, revealing how ice sheets reshaped the landscape and allowing researchers to understand rock erosion and deposition under ice. The findings also provide insights into water resources and availability in the region.
Researchers investigated the effect of temperature on Ionic-liquid-modified non-precious metal catalysts for oxygen reduction reactions, demonstrating that IL modification significantly increases ORR activity and stability, even at elevated temperatures. The study confirms the SCILL concept's potential in improving LTFCs.
Researchers developed a dish-based model that replicates the characteristics of dry age-related macular degeneration, allowing them to screen over 1,200 drugs for their ability to slow or halt disease progression. Two drugs, Aminocaproic acid and L745, showed promise in inhibiting key phenotypes associated with AMD.
Researchers at the Paul Scherrer Institute have discovered a combination of rapamycin and a radiopharmaceutical that can effectively inhibit tumour growth, improving treatment outcomes for medullary thyroid cancer. The new therapy uses mini-gastrin coupled with lutetium-177 to target cancer cells more efficiently.
A recent study published in JNCCN found that 33 out of 81 studies lacked transparency on censoring, which can introduce bias and affect trial results. The researchers emphasize the need for improved transparency and reporting in clinical trials to ensure patients and clinicians make informed decisions.
A major intervention against illegal river gold mining in Peru's Madre de Dios region was only partially effective, with mining activity continuing in surrounding areas. The operation halted environmental degradation in some protected zones but led to a rapid increase in mining outside the targeted zone.
Researchers developed a new process to produce stable formamidinium perovskite (FAPbI3) materials, which can be used to make more efficient and stable solar cells. The novel approach uses lower temperatures and eliminates additives, making it suitable for large-scale production and flexible solar cell applications.
Researchers highlight importance of digital microscale electrochemical energy storage devices in building a fully connected and intelligent world. They discuss design principles, material selection, and fabrication processes for these devices, which are crucial for seamless integration with various electronic systems.
A new study led by Imperial College London scientists has found that the West Antarctic Ice Sheet (WAIS) was larger than previously thought during colder periods in the Miocene, contributing significantly to sea-level rise events millions of years ago. This insight will help researchers predict the future of the WAIS as the world warms.
Researchers identified 'pre-resistance' signs in bacteria, predicting future resistance to antibiotics. This discovery allows doctors to select the best treatments for bacterial infections and paves the way for personalized genomic therapy.
A field study found that sea spray aerosols contain pollutants like perfluoroalkyl acids (PFAAs), potentially harmful compounds known as "forever chemicals". The researchers estimated global emissions of PFAAs from oceans to air could be up to 756 U.S. tons annually.
Researchers found correlations between brain morphology and sensory characteristics in adults with ASD, suggesting structural changes may cause sensory abnormalities. The study aims to improve diagnosis and treatment options for ASD beyond behavioral indicators.
Researchers at Vienna University of Technology have discovered that visible light, particularly in the blue and green range, accelerates the oxidation of bitumen, leading to cracking and damage to asphalt. This unexpected finding highlights the importance of considering solar radiation in estimates for road durability.
The CDC found flaws in the assay design and contamination of one component, leading to false positive reactivity in negative controls. A redesign and improved quality control measures have since been implemented.