The grant will fund a new curriculum focused on diagnosing and treating people with opioid use disorder (OUD), including guidance on medications for addiction treatment (MAT). The program aims to train hundreds of medical students and residents to diagnose, treat, and care for individuals with substance use disorders.
A team led by Iowa State University researchers is expanding their study of landlords and rental housing markets to add high-risk cities such as Miami and New Orleans. The grant will help cities better understand the regulatory and market complexity of rental housing, which affects not only tenants but also the broader community.
A Spanish study has found that each patient undergoing anaesthesia generates up to 1kg of plastic waste, with plastic wrappers being the most common item. The study suggests that up to 60% of this waste could be recycled and highlights the need for improved waste management strategies.
A study reveals child maltreatment increases risk factors for suicidal behaviors in adolescents, including emotional dysregulation and stress. The research suggests that addressing these issues through regulation strategies and reducing new stressful events can help prevent suicidal behaviors.
The study estimates the risk of severe outcomes among symptomatic children aged 0-17 years in the European Union, with hospitalization rates highest among youngest age groups. The authors also note that most children with symptomatic COVID-19 have a low risk of death or hospitalization.
A new study suggests that the D614G variant of COVID-19, which was prevalent in the US during the first wave, may have been more infectious because it often started with a cough. This order of symptoms may increase our understanding of how disease spreads and inform future research.
The Novavax COVID-19 vaccine has been shown to be highly efficacious and safe, with a 90% efficacy rate in preventing COVID-19 illness. The vaccine was also found to be 100% effective in preventing moderate and severe disease requiring hospitalization.
The COVID-19 pandemic led to a significant decrease in breastfeeding rates among participants of the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) in Southern California. Breastfeeding education and support services were disrupted due to the pandemic, which may have contributed to the decline.
Researchers have successfully predicted complex protein structures using AI-driven software, solving a long-standing scientific challenge. The approach, made freely available to researchers, greatly expands accessibility to protein structures and accelerates scientific discovery.
A Dartmouth team compiled a global-scale dataset to show how uncertainties over determining snow depth can actually improve predictions of water availability. The approach leverages observational and definitional uncertainties to make better assessments of snow droughts and their impacts.
A transition to silvopastoral systems could save up to 7% of Colombia's emissions budget for 2030. Adopting more sustainable agriculture, including silvopasture, can prevent further deforestation rates and protect remaining forest remnants.
A study found concurrent heatwaves occurring simultaneously in mid- to high-latitudes of the Northern Hemisphere were seven times greater in the 2010s, causing more severe societal impacts. The heat events grew hotter and larger, exhausting countries' ability to provide mutual aid during crises.
Researchers have discovered a nanoparticle therapeutic that enhances cancer immunotherapy and treats malignant pleural effusion. The treatment targets the immune system to recognize and eliminate cancer cells, improving survival rates and quality of life for patients.
Researchers at the University of Illinois developed a new bat box design that provides more thermally appropriate roosting spaces for bats. The 'rocket box' style, with modifications to length and insulation, helps reduce the risk of overheating and provides space for bats to move and avoid extreme temperatures.
Researchers outline development direction of carbon nanomaterials for cancer treatment using chemodynamic therapy. They focus on highly stable and safe nanozymes with high peroxidase-like activity and near-infrared emission properties.
A study reveals that blood biomarkers miR-137 and COX6A2 can distinguish between clinical sub-groups of patients with schizophrenia, offering a new tool for stratifying individuals and tailoring treatment. The discovery also highlights the critical role of oxidative stress in schizophrenia's heterogeneity.
Researchers at Washington University in St. Louis are developing a framework to understand how herbicides interact and drift onto unintended plants, affecting crops and the environment. The study found that genetically modified crop introduction influences herbicide use rates and practices, leading to increased drift.
A new study found that farmers are extremely knowledgeable about pollinators and have taken initiatives to protect insects on their farms. However, more flexible funding options and cooperation between research and practice are needed to realize their full conservation potential.
Researchers used room-temperature crystallography to study photosynthetic bacteria's proteins, discovering they are 'remarkably robust' and more efficient than previously thought. The study sheds new insight into the mechanism of electron transfer early in photosynthesis.
Researchers found that global leaders with a rational, problem-solving approach had fewer country-wide infections, while charismatic leaders were associated with higher infection rates. The study suggests that leadership style can significantly impact public health outcomes during crises.
A team of biologists and engineers created a robotic fish that scares mosquitofish away, altering its behavior and physiology. The study found that the mosquitofish showed fearful behaviors, weight loss, and reduced fertility when confronted with the robot.
A 31-year-old man underwent a heart transplant after recovering from COVID-19, illustrating that the procedure can be successful in patients with severe infections. The patient had been diagnosed with familial inherited cardiomyopathy and had deteriorated rapidly despite treatment.
Researchers developed a new technique to analyze brain cell development, finding that cells of similar types are often unrelated and can converge from different progenitors. Conversely, different cell types can diverge from the same progenitor, determining their fate during differentiation.
A study found that college football athletes with a decade or more of experience exhibit abnormalities in inflammation, energy production, and coordination related to routine head impacts. The issues were apparent before the season began and worsened over time.
Researchers developed a scalable, adaptive radiative cooling technology that can be applied to window glass and roof coatings. The new material, using tungsten-doped vanadium dioxide, can passively turn off radiative cooling at lower temperatures, providing year-round energy savings in most climate zones.
A new study by Australian National University warns that 1,500 endangered languages could cease to be spoken by the end of this century. The researchers found that increased years of schooling can lead to higher levels of language endangerment.
A new study reveals that poor women in rural India are more likely to die during childbirth due to lack of access to safe hospital births. The research found that only 26% of women in low-performing states deliver in hospitals, compared to 87% of those exposed to mass media.
Exposure to nitrogen dioxide and fine particles is associated with increased beta-amyloid protein deposition and neurofilament light in cerebrospinal fluid, indicating a potential risk factor for Alzheimer's disease. The study highlights the importance of reducing exposure to air pollution to mitigate this risk.
Researchers studied 15 unusual stars in the Milky Way galaxy, discovering that all have recently undergone a rare phase where one star engulfs another. The findings provide new insight into the sky's most dramatic phenomena and may help answer questions about how stars live and die.
A new study by University of Waterloo researchers reveals that for-profit long-term care homes owned by private equity firms and large chains have the highest mortality rates during COVID-19. The study found a correlation between financialization of senior housing and lower quality care, with prioritizing profits over patient outcomes.
Research highlights the importance of individual entrepreneurial orientation, including proactiveness, risk-taking, and innovativeness, in digital strategy implementation. Employees' relational capital also plays a role, particularly when innovative-oriented employees score high in networking.
A German study finds that ambulance call-outs for heart attacks increase when air pollution is high, but decrease with warmer weather. The research highlights the need for better planning and resource allocation by hospitals to address climate change-related changes in weather conditions.
A new review article emphasizes the importance of regular health checks for emergency workers, such as firefighters and police officers, to prevent heart events on the job. The authors highlight the need for standardized screening and risk management measures to balance individual health with public safety.
A new study suggests that breakthrough infections generate 'super immunity' to COVID-19, providing a robust immune response against the delta variant and potentially other variants. The study found that antibodies generated from breakthrough cases were 1,000% more effective than those from vaccinated individuals.
Researchers at Kyoto University developed nanodiamond-reinforced composite membranes to purify hydrogen from humid mixtures. The addition of positively charged nanodiamonds resolves the humidity-induced disintegration problem, making the membrane more compact and water-resistant.
Researchers at Goethe University and the Max Planck Institute of Biophysics have gained new insights into how mitochondrial complex I facilitates proton transfer through water molecules. The study's high-resolution structure data enabled computer simulations that shed light on the protein's dynamics during its catalytic cycle.
A study in Biosphere 2's Arizona facility sheds light on tropical forest responses to drought, revealing diverse drought strategies among plant species. The research, which tracked carbon, water, and VOC fluxes during a 9.5-week drought, may help improve predictions of climate change impacts on these ecosystems.
Researchers have published an extensive 7T fMRI dataset to study how humans perceive and interpret naturalistic photographs. The Natural Scenes Dataset provides a massive scale of brain data for training complex deep-learning models that predict brain activity.
A new national study found that oropharyngeal cancer incidence is increasing rapidly across the US, particularly among men and in the Midwest and Southeast. The study also reported a significant increase in large tumor diagnoses and mortality rates over the last decade.
Researchers have introduced a new tool, Giraffe, that can efficiently map new genome sequences to a 'pangenome' representing many diverse human genome sequences. This approach allows for a more comprehensive characterization of genetic variations and reduces mapping bias.
Scientists at the University of Bonn have developed a method to generate embryo-like cell complexes from mouse stem cells. The resulting embryoids exhibit coordinated development similar to natural embryos, offering a promising alternative to animal testing for toxicology studies.
A new study from Australian National University challenges long-held scientific beliefs about the biological basis of gender differences in intelligence and achievement. The researchers found that males and females have similar levels of variability, contradicting the idea that male animals are more variable than females.
The project will appraise global initiatives and support improved evidence-based intervention design for SIS systems, identifying successful approaches and areas for innovation. It aims to understand how soils information informs national policies and strategic planning.
Researchers compared injury patterns among men and women presenting to emergency departments with intimate partner violence (IPV) injuries. The study found that male victims were more likely to have severe injuries, such as lacerations and gunshot wounds. In contrast, female victims were more likely to have facial bruises.
Patients with eye conditions from racial minority groups report feeling less respected by healthcare professionals compared to their non-Hispanic white counterparts. The study highlights the importance of addressing cultural disparities in healthcare settings.
Contrary to previous research, some Covid patients exhibit increased muscle mass, particularly those with a strong immune response, while others experience significant muscle wastage. This study suggests that immune response to Covid may exacerbate muscle damage, potentially impacting recovery and quality of life.
A long-term epidemiologic study found that a race-based formula for diagnosing lung disease is no better than a race-neutral equation, which could lead to more accurate diagnoses and treatments. The study used data from thousands of patients and compared the two formulas, finding that the race-neutral equation yielded better predictions.
Researchers at Seoul National University analyzed charred food lumps from a 2,300-year-old site in southern India, revealing evidence of millet flatbreads and pulse batter. The study provides new insights into the diet and culinary practices of ancient South Asian populations.
Researchers have identified fragments of genetic material in Candida fungus that do not encode proteins but are specifically expressed during distinct stages of the infection process. These long non-coding RNA molecules show high specificity and differ between species, making them a potential target for new treatments.
The research provides a foundation to better understand redwood responses to climate impacts and pathogens. Hundreds of gene families unique to the coast redwood were found, many helping trees respond to stress and resist disease.
Limpets played a significant role in global culture, medicine, and innovation, with uses dating back tens of thousands of years. They have contributed to the evolution of human brain development and feature in many place names and traditions.
Professional footballers took penalty kicks under low and high-pressure conditions, revealing the impact of cognitive and somatic anxiety on performance. The study aimed to create a pressure protocol for penalty taking, assessing its effect on psychological and psychophysical responses.
A new study by Keck Medicine of USC found that food insecurity increases the risk of death among patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and advanced liver disease. The study, which analyzed data from over 34,000 individuals, suggests that eradicating food insecurity could eliminate up to 7% of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease d...
Research shows autistic adults on Medicaid have higher odds of co-occurring physical and mental health conditions, including diabetes, obesity, and epilepsy, compared to the general population. Racial and ethnic disparities are also evident, with Black, Hispanic, and Asian adults facing higher odds of certain conditions.
Researchers at the University of Copenhagen have discovered that resistant bacteria can hide resistance genes in inactive bacteria within biofilms, creating a reservoir of resistance that can be drawn upon when antibiotics are not present. This new understanding challenges the long-held assumption that resistant bacteria lose their res...
Researchers have identified a key protein in the brain that regulates habituation, a mechanism essential for focus and attention. The study found that a decrease in this protein leads to hypersensitivity and symptoms similar to those seen in Autism Spectrum Disorder.
A pilot study of exercise and cognition in progressive multiple sclerosis found that cardiorespiratory fitness and free-living physical activity were not associated with improved cognitive performance. The study, which analyzed data from 240 individuals with progressive MS, suggests that other mechanisms may be at play.
The University of Ottawa's CoVaRR-Net has received a $9 million grant extension to continue its rapid research on COVID variants, including the Omicron variant. This renewed funding will allow researchers to accelerate their work and keep policymakers informed of their latest findings.
Researchers at RIKEN have developed a healthier form of tapioca starch by suppressing multiple genes that increase its resistance to digestion. The resulting starch is composed of longer chains with fewer branches, making it harder to digest and potentially improving intestinal function and blood sugar control.
A new study published in JAMA Network Open found that artificial intelligence can predict which people attending memory clinics will develop dementia within two years with 92% accuracy. The machine learning algorithm analyzed data from over 15,300 patients and identified around eight per cent of dementia diagnoses as being made in error.