A new study reveals that Northern Red Sea corals can tolerate high temperatures but are sensitive to even slight cold spells, which can cause bleaching. Researchers found that corals from the Gulf of Aqaba responded similarly to heat stress and did not bleach at high temperatures after recovering from a cold winter.
A simple dietary supplement betaine reduces behavioral symptoms in mice with a genetic mutation that causes schizophrenia. Betaine supplements likely protect proteins that build neurons' cellular skeletons, restoring healthy structures.
Researchers have found that using topological insulators in transistors could reduce switching energy by half and the overall energy used by each transistor by a factor of four. This breakthrough could lead to substantial reductions in computing energy consumption, as the industry continues to strive for sustainable technologies.
Researchers identified eight California faults with higher rates of magnitude 4 earthquakes before a magnitude 6.7 quake, predicting their likelihood for future large earthquakes. So far, only one such event has occurred since the forecast was made in 2017.
The brain's auditory system actively tracks the velocity of a sound, just like the visual system. This study reveals that people can improve their ability to track moving sounds over time.
A research team identified a new factor in the immune system's signal transmission that contributes to psoriasis development. The 'c-Jun' protein in dendritic cells promotes psoriatic skin inflammation, which can be alleviated by inhibiting this protein.
A team of scientists has identified serum cytokine concentrations as a quick and affordable means of classifying the severity of spinal cord injury in patients. The study aims to provide personalized healthcare decisions and accelerate research into spinal cord injury, with potential applications in developing countries.
The Society of Anesthesia and Sleep Medicine celebrates its first decade of research achievements in the common ground between sleep and anesthesia. Studies examine the outcomes of patients with undiagnosed sleep disorders or breathing issues undergoing surgery, highlighting the potential for treating perioperative periods as opportuni...
A study analyzed the association between hearing loss and level of physical activity among U.S. adults aged 60 to 69. The findings suggest a significant positive correlation, indicating that lower levels of physical activity may be associated with an increased risk of hearing loss in older adults.
Researchers propose marketing sewing as a wellbeing activity and using technology to encourage consumers to adopt slower fashion habits. The study suggests that creating spaces for clothing repair on high streets could help reduce fast fashion's negative environmental impacts.
Researchers at the University of Manchester used time-resolved 3D imaging to study the complex dynamics of particle movement in granular materials. The findings show that particle shape and orientation play a crucial role in segregation, with larger nuts like Brazil nuts rising to the top.
A large-scale evaluation of a federal policy aimed at reducing deaths from sepsis found that it was mostly ineffective in improving patient outcomes. Despite significant investments, the 'all or none' guidelines, known as SEP-1, did not translate to clinically meaningful changes in care delivery or reductions in deaths.
UW researchers studied how to make online arguments more productive and centered around relationship-building. They found that people want to have difficult conversations online, but often avoid them due to lack of nuance or space for discussion. The team developed 12 potential technological design interventions, including democratizin...
Researchers at Penn Medicine delivered a new gene therapy that improved vision in three patients with severe vision impairments. The therapy showed sustained improvements in day and night vision, without serious side effects.
Researchers map global genetic diversity of mammals, highlighting tropical areas' high vulnerability to climate and land-use changes. The study provides a framework for countries to prioritize conservation policies and protect endangered species.
A research team at Kyoto University investigated the fossil record and evolutionary history of lagomorphs to answer why they don't rival horse sizes. They found that larger herbivore competitors and energetic disadvantage hindered their growth, with body sizes of ungulates being a key predictor.
A team of researchers has discovered that JMJD3 enzyme promotes inflammation in monocyte/macrophages, leading to the development of abdominal aortic aneurysms. Blocking this enzyme prevents aneurysm formation, providing a potential new target for treatment.
A new UCLA study reveals the proportion of Black physicians in the US has changed little in 120 years, with a significant income gap between white and Black male physicians. The research highlights pay discrimination and unequal access as contributing factors to this disparity.
A team of scientists has developed a single spin-decoupled metasurface that can distinguish between spatial angular moment (SAM) and orbital angular momentum (OAM) modes. The device exploits the geometric phase and dynamic phase to transform vortex beams into focusing patterns, enabling simultaneous detection of SAM and OAM.
Researchers discover that autophagy preferentially degrades specific mRNA species, including housekeeping mRNAs, and those required for regulatory protein synthesis. This selective degradation process is linked to translation-dependent processes and plays a crucial role in gene regulation.
Researchers developed a method to localize epileptic tissue using EEG fast oscillations, differentiating pathological from nonepileptiform signals. High-frequency oscillations riding spikes provide a potential tool for presurgical diagnosis and postsurgical evaluation.
Researchers at NUS have identified two new proteins that contribute to EV-A71's ability to invade the central nervous system, making them potential targets for treating severe HFMD cases. This discovery could lead to the development of more effective treatments, particularly for young children affected by this illness.
Atlantic bluefin tuna numbers appear to be increasing in UK waters after a long period of decline. Researchers have documented this growth using data from citizen scientists, eco-tourism vessels, and fisheries records, revealing that these fish arrive in May and stay until January, with peak sightings between August and October each year.
A new study analyzes the impact of highly publicized acts of racial violence on the mental health of Black Americans. Research suggests that experiencing racism, even vicariously, can harm mental and physical health, and that highly publicized anti-Black violence is strongly associated with poor mental health days among Black respondents.
Researchers emphasize the need for material advances in quantum computing hardware to create complex qubits. The study explores various materials and proposes strategies for tackling technological challenges. Sophisticated control of these materials is crucial for achieving quantum advantage.
Researchers are conducting a five-year longitudinal study to assess the non-pulmonary aspects of cystic fibrosis and identify barriers to healthy habits. The study aims to generate information on which patients are most likely to develop type 2 diabetes and how diet and exercise can reduce the risk.
A new study by the University of South Australia reveals that shoes one size too small restrict normal foot movement and comfort during walking. Well-fitted school shoes are crucial for children's comfort and participation in everyday activities.
University of Maryland researchers have made surprising discoveries about the behavior of functionalized nanochannels, including the phenomenon of overscreening, where a negatively charged polymer layer can become positively charged due to attraction of positive ions. The team also found that increasing the electric field strength can ...
The American Roentgen Ray Society (ARRS) honors all members with the 2021 ARRS Gold Medal for their selfless service on the frontlines of the COVID-19 pandemic. The award recognizes their distinguished contributions to radiology and its impact on patient care.
A large population study found that taking probiotics, omega-3 fatty acids, multivits or vitamin D was associated with a lower risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection, with protective effects seen only among women. The study used data from the COVID-19 Symptom Study app and analyzed over 372,000 UK subscribers.
A study by the American Psychological Association found that feeling a sense of connection with others reduces fatigue after videoconferences. The researchers recommended holding meetings in the early afternoon and taking breaks to minimize fatigue.
A study found that highly publicized anti-Black violence is associated with increased poor mental health days among Black individuals in the US. Reducing such violence may benefit Black mental health nationwide, according to researchers.
A comprehensive review of US fatalities linked to methylene chloride paint strippers reveals more deaths than expected, with 85 reported between 1980 and 2018, most in occupational settings. Safer alternatives are available, and experts urge the EPA to limit use and prevent further deaths.
The Equatorial Undercurrent has strengthened by over 20% since 2008, leading to increased oxygen concentrations and a habitat expansion for tropical pelagic fish. The strengthening of the current is mainly caused by strengthening trade winds in the western tropical North Atlantic.
Common generalist plants and pollinators play a crucial role in maintaining biodiversity and serving as buffers against climate change impacts. A study by University of Colorado Boulder researchers found that these species can persist over time and across landscapes, supporting robust communities and resilience to local extinctions.
A new study from the UBC Sauder School of Business found that a subtle shift in organ donor messaging can lead to a significant boost in registration. By combining descriptive and injunctive norms, registrations increased by 70%, suggesting that emphasizing low numbers while highlighting high support motivates people to register.
A study found that gender-affirming hormone therapy can lead to changes in blood pressure among transgender men and women, with an average decrease in systolic blood pressure for women and increase for men. The study highlights the importance of monitoring blood pressure and preventive measures in this patient population.
Researchers from the University of Copenhagen gathered data from the Renland Ice Cap, combining airborne radar, on-site measurements, and satellite data to create a more accurate model. This study now allows for greater precision in projecting local climate conditions for smaller ice caps and glaciers around the world.
The University of Houston receives a $1.35 million grant to create a free, open-access database of Puerto Rican literature, including photographs, manuscripts, poems, and videos. The digital portal aims to make the works of key Puerto Rican poets widely accessible to scholars and reading communities.
Scientists have developed active liquid crystal systems that can exhibit autonomous behavior, self-regulate, and detect pathogens. These systems show high sensitivity to environmental stimuli, making them potentially programmable for various applications.
A new biomedical implant, microMESH, has been developed to treat glioblastoma multiforme. The device wraps around tumor masses, delivering drugs in a controlled, prolonged manner, increasing therapeutic efficacy.
Researchers found that shape influences internal symmetry in strontium titanate, altering its cubic to tetragonal structure. This discovery has great scientific and practical importance for electronic devices and thin-film technologies.
A comparative study found that Heat not Burn products may cause reduced endothelial function and increased oxidative stress in users, similar to conventional cigarette smokers. The study suggests that these products should not be recommended for smoking cessation or as a less harmful alternative.
A Mayo Clinic study found that 15.5% of patients with colorectal cancer had inherited gene mutations, which can be detected through universal testing and broader gene panels. This discovery has the potential to lead to targeted cancer therapies and earlier disease detection in families.
Researchers identified serum amyloid A (SAA) as a potential biomarker for COVID-19 risk, with higher levels associated with increased inflammation, clot abnormalities, and organ damage. This biomarker could help facilitate early identification of patients requiring aggressive management and monitoring.
Researchers at Osaka City University have developed a method to exfoliate materials using UV light, achieving the world's fastest rate of 260 microseconds. This breakthrough has the potential to revolutionize photoactuator production and enable precise manipulation in areas inaccessible to traditional power sources.
Researchers found that prolonged warm water causes coral heat stress, disrupting nutrient cycling and leading to starved corals. Monitoring nutritional status can help anticipate bleaching problems.
Researchers create nanostructured bimetallic catalysts with enhanced activity and stability, offering a cost-effective alternative to noble metal-based catalysts. The new material is stabilized on a conductive surface using a polymeric material, enabling predictable catalysis performance.
Scientists have discovered a new species of large, tropical centipede in Okinawa and Taiwan, which is the largest in the region. The species, named Scolopendra alcyona, exhibits amphibious characteristics and prefers streamside environments.
Researchers discovered human activities releasing CO2 and pollutants impact North Atlantic weather patterns. The study predicts up to a decade-long warning for changes in weather and climate.
Researchers have gained new insights into volcanic behavior and can now track unrest before eruptions, enabling early warnings for local authorities and the public. The study provides a detailed description of Sierra Negra's 2018 eruption, capturing its inflation, fracture, and caldera resurgence.
A large study found that increasing physical activity levels is associated with a reduced likelihood of heart events and mortality in people with high blood pressure, high cholesterol, and diabetes. Participants who showed moderate to large improvements in physical activity were 30% less likely to develop cardiovascular disease or die ...
Alpine plants are losing their white protective coat as snow cover melts earlier, extending the growing season and increasing frost risk. By the end of the century, continuous snow cover for 30 days below 1,600 meters is expected to be rare.
Researchers found that age, social and economic class, and access to resources are more influential than urban density in spreading COVID-19. Urban districts with lower income and older populations were more at risk for the disease despite having low density.
A team of researchers from McGill University has made a groundbreaking discovery about fast radio bursts (FRBs), revealing that they include lower frequency radio waves than previously detected. The study used the combined capacities of two radio telescopes, CHIME and LOFAR, to detect FRBs at frequencies as low as 110 MHz, shedding new...
Researchers have made significant progress in understanding the stellar beta-decay rate of 59Fe, which is essential for predicting the yield of 60Fe in massive stars. By measuring this rate, they eliminated a major nuclear uncertainty and found that the yield of 60Fe is 40% less than previously predicted.
Researchers have discovered surprisingly shallow magma pools too small to be detected by common volcano monitoring equipment, posing new risks for eruptions. These hidden magma bodies challenge conventional views of magma detection and may lead to more explosive eruptions than expected.
New methods to detect doping compounds in urine samples using ion mobility-mass spectrometry will help regulatory agencies track existing dopants and future 'designer' compounds. Baltic amber's therapeutic effects have been pinpointed, potentially leading to new medicines for antibiotic-resistant infections. Scientists also report a wa...
A new sweat sensor can detect elevated pro-inflammatory cytokines in patients with respiratory infections, including COVID-19. The device measures tiny amounts of passive sweat to track cytokine levels, potentially reducing hospitalizations and deaths.
Researchers at Monash University have made a significant breakthrough in understanding the deleterious immune response in rheumatoid arthritis. By examining the molecular and cellular levels of T cell recognition, the team identified an immune signature that may provide a potential avenue for diagnostic development or therapeutic inter...