International genetic research projects struggle with GDPR interpretation due to ambiguous rules on personal data, consent, and data transfer outside the EU/EEA. Measures to reduce these challenges are proposed, including a more genetics-sensitive approach with regulators.
A study of 20,304 kidney transplants found that black recipients and patients receiving kidneys from Asian donors had a higher risk of graft failure within seven years. The study suggests that improved access to organ donation among ethnic minority groups can improve long-term outcomes for all recipients.
Researchers found that strokes affecting specific brain regions can cause distinct reading problems, which could help clinicians develop personalized therapies. The study's findings have implications for understanding post-stroke language and reading deficits.
Research identifies genetic variants associated with adherence to medication, suggesting a link between individual behavior and biological factors. The study found positive correlations between adherence and traits controlled by multiple genes, such as educational achievement and body mass index.
A combination therapy of aspirin, statins, and at least two blood pressure medications cuts the risk of fatal cardiovascular disease by over half. The treatment strategy, known as a polypill, is consistent in benefits across different blood pressure levels, cholesterol levels, and diabetes status.
The European Society of Cardiology has published new guidelines for the management of valvular heart disease. The guidelines recommend a comprehensive approach to diagnosis, including clinical examination and non-invasive evaluation using echocardiography, with treatment options such as medication, percutaneous or surgical valve replac...
A recent study found that genetic risk scores can help diagnose epilepsy in individuals with a single seizure, distinguishing them from those with other causes. The researchers analyzed data from over 9,600 individuals with epilepsy-related diagnoses and found a significant correlation between genetic risk and epilepsy diagnosis.
A large-scale international study found that edoxaban is non-inferior to warfarin for efficacy in preventing adverse events, but led to higher bleeding complications. The trial suggests that treatment with edoxaban can be valuable in managing AF patients after TAVR, especially when a lower dose of edoxaban is used.
Researchers found a mobile telemedicine unit to be as successful as traditional treatment clinics in treating opioid use disorder, with 64% of patients remaining in treatment after two months. The unit also significantly reduced illicit opioid use among patients, with an average reduction of one-third.
Researchers found that masks, social distancing, and ventilation significantly reduce the risk of musical COVID-19 transmission. Simple safety measures, such as wearing masks, limiting performance time to under 30 minutes, and maintaining distance between players, can mitigate this risk.
A new study reveals that the global demand for sand and gravel is in direct conflict with nearly half of the UN's 17 Sustainable Development Goals, primarily affecting health, environment, and society in low- and middle-income countries. The research highlights the need for effective management plans and policies to balance the pros an...
Researchers at Vanderbilt University Medical Center developed a standardized MRI protocol for pancreatic imaging, enabling reproducible measurements across different MRI hardware and software. The study demonstrates potential for incorporating MRI into multisite clinical trials, advancing diabetes research and treatment.
A study by the University of Geneva found that maternal voice significantly reduces signs of pain in premature babies during medical interventions. The presence of a mother's voice also increases oxytocin levels, indicating better pain management.
A study by University of Plymouth researchers found that seabed habitats and species recover more quickly following extreme storms than from the impacts of bottom-towed fishing. The research examined the impact of the 2013/14 winter storms on the Lyme Bay Marine Protected Area, off southern England's coast.
The German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR) has proposed a research-based concept to identify chemical combinations with potential health effects. The concept aims to provide a feasible approach to identify potentially health-relevant mixtures and background exposures across regulatory silos.
Researchers have uncovered a weakness in the key enzyme that solid tumour cancer cells rely on to adapt and survive when oxygen levels are low. Inhibiting this enzyme, called Carbonic Anhydrase IX (CAIX), can effectively stop cancer cell growth.
A new approach called an immunobiological algorithm provides a comprehensive assessment of how a patient's immune system will react to tissue from each potential living donor. This method outperforms current HLA testing in identifying the best potential living donor, which could lead to improved organ transplant outcomes.
A study of over 800 physician assistants found that burnout symptoms have a stronger impact on PA professional outcomes than depression, with 34% meeting burnout criteria and 80% reporting at least one medical error during their careers.
Researchers at Heriot-Watt University have developed a method using deep learning to accurately predict voltage distribution across entire power networks. The approach uses data from a limited number of key smart meter locations, eliminating the need for high-granularity data from every consumer meter.
An international team has identified five objects that could help distinguish brown dwarfs from low-mass stars. The companions, characterized by periods of 5-27 days and radii between Jupiter's, provide valuable information about their composition and formation.
Scientists at the University of Kent have developed a mathematical formula that describes the shape of any bird's egg in nature. The formula is based on four parameters and can be applied across multiple disciplines, including food research, mechanical engineering, and agriculture.
Researchers from HSE Centre for Language and Brain compared expressive and receptive language abilities in Russian-speaking children with ASD. The study shows that there is no single expressive-receptive language pattern in children with ASD, but the difference depends on linguistic level.
Researchers developed a new cancer therapy combining sulforaphane (SFN) and acetazolamide (AZ), which inhibits the PI3K/Akt/mTOR survival pathway and reduces 5-HT secretion in carcinoid syndrome. The combination therapy induces apoptosis in tumor cells, upregulates the p21 cell cycle inhibitor, and downregulates the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway.
Researchers at Washington University found that neurons in the primary visual cortex exhibit 'drift' over time, changing their responses to the same stimulus even without learning or experience. This discovery challenges the notion of stable neural activity in sensory cortices.
Researchers from the Universities of Bonn and Bologna discovered a mutant in barley with roots growing straight downwards, potentially providing a starting point for breeding more drought-resistant varieties. The study found that the gene responsible for this trait is evolutionarily conserved across different cereals.
Researchers at Louisiana State University have developed a nanoscale system that can create different forms of light by manipulating photon distribution. This breakthrough has significant implications for quantum technologies and may lead to more efficient solar cells.
A new policy brief from University of Helsinki and Aalto University focuses on efficient demo areas for urban carbon sequestration using biochars. The research highlights the importance of safe, visible, and scientifically sound demonstration sites for reliable verification of carbon sequestration.
The EMPEROR-Preserved trial found that empagliflozin reduced the risk of a composite of cardiovascular death or hospitalisation for heart failure in patients with heart failure and a preserved ejection fraction. The study showed that empagliflozin was effective across all prespecified subgroups, including those with or without diabetes.
A pooled analysis of two trials found that empagliflozin reduced the risk of cardiovascular death or hospitalisation for heart failure patients, regardless of ejection fraction. The drug also showed benefits in reducing major renal outcomes, particularly at lower ejection fractions.
The study analyzed fishery data and interviewed 155 artisanal fishers, identifying 37 species as overfished, including bluefish, dusky grouper, and crevalle jack. Smaller species like beltfish and gray triggerfish are increasingly being targeted.
A new UK study has confirmed that people infected with the SARS-CoV-2 delta variant have approximately double the risk of hospitalization compared with those infected with the alpha variant. The study found a 1.45-fold increase in risk and over two-thirds of new COVID-19 cases were caused by the delta variant.
A study led by McMaster University scientists found that chlorpyrifos slows down the burning of calories in brown adipose tissue of mice, leading to weight gain and obesity. This process, known as diet-induced thermogenesis, is critical for regulating calorie storage and metabolism.
Researchers from Boston University School of Medicine studied 2,000 participants and found dedicated exercise was three times more efficient than walking alone in improving fitness. Higher steps/day and exercising time could partially offset the negative effects of being sedentary.
Researchers observed linked Weyl surfaces in five-dimensional space using metamaterials, introducing a unique platform for studying complex topological phenomena. The experiment revealed a higher-dimensional topological state with exotic optical properties, including negative refraction and invisibility cloaks.
A new study from the University of California Firearm Violence Research Center shows that physical disorder in Detroit doesn't lead to a steep increase in violent crime. The study's findings suggest that community-driven efforts to rebuild and remake rundown neighborhoods can be effective in reducing disorder and fear.
The VANISH trial found that valsartan improved cardiac structure, function, and remodeling in patients with early-stage sarcomeric hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. The study suggests that this strategy may help prevent disease progression among those who have received a genetic diagnosis of HCM.
A new study suggests that reducing sugar in packaged foods could prevent 2.48 million cardiovascular disease events, as well as 750,000 diabetes cases over the lifetime of the adult population in the US. The model also estimates significant cost savings and health gains for underserved populations.
Researchers used quantum computers to study polymer models by recasting them as optimization problems, exploiting the machine's efficiency in solving such tasks. This approach enables harnessing the potential of quantum machines in a hitherto unexplored context.
A recent study published in Current Biology found that individuals with obesity burn fewer calories on body maintenance when exercising, reducing the calorie-burning gains of exercise. This reduction in energy expenditure was most pronounced in individuals with obesity and older adults.
Researchers identified specific proteome features in COVID-19 patients' urine to distinguish between mild and severe cases. The study suggests that urine proteomics could be a valuable tool for early detection and prediction of COVID-19 progression.
Roe deer's embryonic diapause phenomenon is controlled by a unique combination of amino acids and the mTORC1 pathway. The study reveals that amino acids activate mTORC1 to release embryos from decelerated proliferation, allowing them to develop normally after four and a half months.
Researchers at George Washington University have created a nanophotonic analog processor capable of solving partial differential equations. The processor can process arbitrary inputs at the speed of light and is integrated at chip-scale.
A Kaiser Permanente study of nearly 200,000 children found that those aged 5-11 gained more weight during the pandemic than teenagers. The result was a significant increase in overweight and obese children, highlighting the need for health-focused interventions to prevent long-term consequences.
A study shows haemodynamic guided management may reduce heart failure hospitalisations in patients with earlier stage heart failure, even before the COVID-19 pandemic. The trial enrolled 1,000 patients with NYHA class II–IV heart failure and found a 17% reduction in heart failure hospitalisations.
Dr. Maria Carolina Florian will present her latest research on aging hematopoietic stem cells, challenging the concept that aging is an irreversible process. Her work aims to improve tissue homeostasis and regeneration by targeting epigenetic polarity and functionally rejuvenating aged HSCs.
Researchers discovered a new material, h-BN, that induces interfacial perpendicular magnetic anisotropy (IPMA) with a high tunnel magnetoresistance (TMR) ratio of up to 1,000%, enabling flexible design in ferromagnetic tunnel junctions.
A recent study by MPIDR researchers found that participating in the labor market until age 67 slows cognitive decline and protects against cognitive impairment. This effect holds regardless of gender or educational/occupational attainment, with a slowed rate of cognitive decline rather than improved function.
Researchers found that tardigrades move with a strategy similar to that of larger insects, walking in a manner that is 500,000 times more efficient. This discovery raises possibilities for understanding evolutionary biology and designing soft robots.
A randomized controlled trial found that facility-based and home-based multidomain interventions improved cognitive function and retention rates among participants aged 60-79. The programs showed indicators of efficacy and feasibility, with potential benefits through inactivation of the HPA axis and enhanced brain plasticity.
Yang Gao's lab has received a $1.9 million NIH grant to investigate the mechanisms of proteins that produce copies of genomic DNA, with potential implications for cancer treatment. The research aims to understand how DNA replication and repair processes can be targeted to develop new therapies.
Researchers observed ghost polaritons in calcite crystals, enabling superior control of infrared nano-light for various applications. The discovery features highly collimated propagation properties and record-long distance propagation at room temperature.
A large clinical trial has identified empagliflozin as a treatment option for heart failure with preserved ejection fraction, reducing risk of hospitalization or death by 21 percent. The drug also showed fewer symptoms and mild side effects.
A supercomputer simulation reveals that interstellar frontal collisions lead to the maturation of young galaxies. The study shows how these chaotic galaxies eventually form stable spiral galaxies with similar populations of stars as the Milky Way.
The new guidelines provide comprehensive guidance on diagnosing and treating acute and chronic heart failure. Key findings include improved survival rates with drug treatments, increased exercise benefits, and vaccination recommendations for patients at risk of infections.
Researchers at the University of Cincinnati have identified a new species of mosasaur, Ectenosaurus everhartorum, which lived 80 million years ago in western Kansas. The discovery marks only the second species in the genus Ectenosaurus and highlights the importance of continued research in the field.
Researchers from St. Petersburg Electrotechnical University LETI propose a novel approach to cancer treatment using magnetic nanoparticles for targeted drug delivery. The method aims to minimize cytostatics' toxic effects on healthy tissues while maximizing accumulation in tumor tissue.
Researchers developed a novel electrocatalyst by doping Cu with Ru, achieving higher Faradaic efficiency and yield rate for ammonia synthesis from nitric oxide. The optimized catalyst reduces reaction energy and desorption energy of ammonia, enabling efficient NO-to-NH3 conversion.
The loss of threatened vertebrates may lead to varying consequences across different regions, with some losing up to 30% functional diversity. Unique species traits can make their loss more impactful, necessitating tailored conservation strategies for each biome.
Researchers from Tohoku University uncovered possible photosynthetic activity during the Marinoan glaciation, a period of extreme cold in Earth's history. The study suggests that bacteria and early eukaryotes experienced low productivity before the Ediacaran period, when complex multicellular life emerged.
A WVU-led research team will test the potential of geothermal energy by drilling three miles into the ground. The project aims to reduce carbon footprint and decrease energy costs for the university, with potential implications for industries across West Virginia.