Researchers at UCSB's NSF Quantum Foundry have created a new material, KV3Sb5, that exhibits unusual characteristics, including self-organized charge patterning and superconductivity. This discovery has significant implications for future quantum computing applications.
Scientists at Skoltech and KTH Royal Institute of Technology predict the existence of antichiral ferromagnetism, a nontrivial property of some magnetic crystals. This phenomenon could lead to unique magnetic domains and skyrmions, distinct from conventional chiral textures.
A survey-based study found that girls in Iceland reported a higher level of depressive symptoms during the COVID-19 pandemic than boys. Key contributors to poor mental health included concerns about others contracting COVID-19 and changes in daily routines.
Contingency management has been shown to be efficacious in addressing key clinical problems among patients receiving medication for opioid use disorder. The study found that CM improved outcomes on psychomotor stimulant use, polysubstance use, illicit-opioid use, cigarette smoking, therapy attendance, and medication adherence.
Researchers developed a method combining meteorological models with NASA satellite data to estimate smoke height and predict its downward spread. This can help forecasters issue accurate warnings for nearby residents, protecting those with lung and heart conditions.
A study published in Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica found that pregnant women with elevated blood lipids, particularly triglycerides and Apolipoprotein-B, were more than twice as likely to deliver children with congenital heart disease. The research highlights the importance of maintaining good health during pregnancy an...
Researchers discovered an enzyme from Amazon fungus Trichoderma harzianum capable of breaking down diverse plant biomass sugars, enhancing the efficiency of second-generation ethanol production. The enzyme's industrial use is now viable at low cost due to genetic engineering techniques.
A new study published in Genome Biology found that the ability of gut bacteria to produce spores is associated with their adaptation to humans. Bacteria that can produce spores have larger genomes and are less abundant in the gut, while those that cannot have smaller genomes and are more adapted to human hosts.
A systematic review found evidence that non-invasive brain stimulation can reduce smoking frequency in nicotine-dependent smokers. High-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) of the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex was associated with the greatest reduction in smoking frequency.
Scientists have identified nearly 300 gene variations that influence reproductive lifespan in women. Manipulating key genes in mice extended their reproductive lifespan, providing insights into the biology of reproductive ageing.
Researchers discovered a new way to treat PTSD by targeting epigenetic modifications. Combining two natural products, SAMe and vitamin A, reversed PTSD-like behaviors in animals. This approach offers hope for a non-toxic treatment that addresses the underlying genetic cause of the disease.
Dr. Nir Barzilai will present his latest research on neurotherapeutics from genetic-based discovery in centenarians, focusing on designing and delivering treatment for every disease. The conference aims to bridge clinical, academic, and commercial research to find practical solutions for extending healthy lifespan.
Scientists at the University of Chicago have developed a new approach called click-to-polymer (CLIP) to attach functional units to polymer semiconductors, overcoming limitations in their functionality. The CLIP method enables the creation of multifunctional conjugated polymers for human-integrated electronics, including disease detecto...
Researchers have observed a unique phenomenon where vibrations in a nickel oxide material increase with cooling, leading to the formation of faster fluctuations and ordered regions. This behavior is unusual and differs from the expected trend, which is that less thermal energy leads to more fluctuations freezing and order growing.
A study found that older adults are more likely to misperceive black children as angry, regardless of their actual age. In contrast, white children are less frequently misjudged in this way.
Researchers have developed ArtSea Ink, a colorful seaweed-based ink for 2D and 3D art that is biodegradable and stable over time. The ink uses mica pigments in alginate to create vibrant, pearlescent colors.
A study published in the Journal of the American Geriatrics Society found that cancer survivors, especially older individuals, are more likely to experience accelerated functional decline. Cancer survivors had lower physical performance scores, steeper declines in grip strength and gait speed compared to non-cancer survivors.
A new wearable device developed by UBC Okanagan researchers reduces hand tremors in people with Parkinson's and essential tremors, allowing for smoother movements without restricting hand or finger mobility. The device uses a magnetic mechanism that counters involuntary motion without filtering out voluntary movement.
Computer modeling suggests giant blobs of subducted sediment floated up through deep Earth, forming enormous diapirs. These rocks are now found in places like the Mojave Desert and western Arizona.
A new study confirms physical activity's dual benefits in depression: reducing symptoms and increasing the brain's ability to change. The exercise programme promoted motivation, social togetherness, and improved neuroplasticity, leading to decreased depressive symptoms.
A study published in Journal of Internal Medicine found that 64.3% of adults with moderate chronic kidney disease also had metabolic syndrome, increasing their risk of premature death and cardiovascular problems. Patients with metabolic syndrome had a 26% higher risk of dying and a 48% higher risk of experiencing cardiovascular events.
Scientists have discovered four basic patterns of how connections are made in the brain of a tiny worm, which could provide insights into human brain development. The researchers used electron microscopes to reconstruct the full brain of eight individuals and found that new connections are added as animals grow older.
A new study by researchers at Princeton University found that developing countries tend to borrow in domestic currencies when issuing sovereign bonds, allowing them to act on their domestic policy preferences. This choice affects the types of pressures creditors put on governments and the ease or difficulty in paying off debts.
A new tool measures the relevance of academic marketing articles to marketing practice, highlighting a profound disconnect between scholars and practitioners. The R2M Index finds that only 24% of published articles are relevant to both academia and practice, with most articles focusing on topics of little interest to managers.
Researchers found that job seekers who channel their anxiety through problem-solving pondering are more likely to exert effort in productive ways, such as focusing on reevaluating and improving their job search behaviors. In contrast, those who engage in affect-focused rumination, feeling afraid or upset about their job search, are les...
The study examined international and national guidelines on respiratory protection for healthcare professionals in hospitals. Researchers found variation in these guidelines, highlighting the need for standardized protocols during the COVID-19 pandemic.
A new study found that over 40% of older Australians with chronic diseases would be unlikely to seek mental health help even if needed. Internal beliefs about speaking with a doctor were the strongest predictor of seeking support.
Researchers from ETU LETI proposed an ensemble-based classification model using three Convolutional Neural Network architectures to detect cervical cancer. The model achieved high accuracy rates of up to 99.23% on publicly available benchmark datasets, outperforming state-of-the-art models.
A study found that frequent peanut consumption increases the risk of cancer spread by interacting with blood vessels and producing cytokines that promote metastasis. This interaction can make cancer cells stickier and easier to attach themselves to blood vessels.
Astronomers create most-detailed map yet of Jupiter's upper atmosphere, confirming aurorae as responsible for planet-wide heating. Researchers use data from the Keck Observatory to reveal unprecedented detail in temperature maps, shedding light on long-standing puzzle.
A systematic evaluation of COVID-19 studies in patients with psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis found high risk of bias and quality issues. The median score for all studies was 47.2% indicating a high risk of bias, mainly due to selection bias.
Researchers conducted extensive analysis on the sandstone blocks at Stonehenge, revealing detailed information about their composition and origins. The study contributes to our understanding of the monument's construction and history.
Researchers analyzed data from five large heart cohort studies to identify epigenetic changes associated with cardiovascular disease. The study found 33 common methylation sites linked to heart disease across diverse populations, providing a potential target for prevention and intervention.
Research published in The BMJ found that poor physical function from around age 65 is associated with an increased risk of death. Signs of decline, such as difficulty getting up from a chair or dressing, emerge up to 10 years before death.
A 3700-year-old clay tablet, discovered in central Iraq, is the oldest known example of applied geometry. The UNSW scientist's analysis reveals a human story of land surveying and geometric understanding, with Pythagorean triples used to make accurate right angles.
A landscape mosaic of natural habitats and small-scale cultivated areas can promote biodiversity on a large scale. Contrary to organic certification, diverse cultivation can double species numbers and improve biological pest control.
A KAIST study found that specific macrophages play a key role in lung damage during COVID-19. The research provides new insights into dynamic immunological changes and could lead to more precise use of immunosuppressive agents.
A new study reveals significant differences in forest recovery rates across Amazonian countries, with some experiencing little to no recovery even 20 years after deforestation. The research highlights the need for targeted interventions to protect and restore remaining forests.
A team of scientists assembled observations from NASA's Juno spacecraft, W.M. Keck Observatory, and Japan's Hisaki satellite to discover the source of Jupiter's thermal boost. They found that Jupiter's intense aurora is responsible for heating the entire planet's upper atmosphere, contrary to previous models.
Researchers have developed a flexible and wearable X-ray detector using metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) that don't contain harmful heavy metals. The device shows high-sensitivity sensing and imaging capabilities, making it suitable for various radiation monitoring and medical imaging applications.
Olfactory receptors respond to a variety of odors by binding to large numbers of different molecules, rather than specific chemical features. The team discovered that the amino acids lining the pocket don't form strong chemical bonds with odorants, but instead recognize their general chemical nature.
Researchers have identified a promising therapeutic target, METTL1, to treat aggressive cancers by inhibiting an RNA-modifying protein. The study found that targeting METTL1 effectively destroys cancer cells in laboratory models and mice while leaving healthy cells unharmed.
A research team led by Prof. Dr. Michael Sommer has developed a new dye molecule that can visualize stress in plastics by changing color, allowing for the differentiation between stresses of different magnitude. This technology has great advantages for monitoring material integrity and could lead to improved mechanical properties.
A new study found that biochar can increase crop yields by up to 42% and reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Biochar also improves soil fertility, resistance to diseases, and tolerance to toxic metals, making it a promising tool for climate change mitigation in poor soils.
A study found that UK policies to reduce salt, sugar and calories in food products have not led to improvements in their nutritional values. Only one company, Kelloggs, showed a small overall improvement, driven by reducing sugar content in two products.
A study highlights the need for better diagnostic tools, alternative treatments, and prevention strategies for women with recurrent UTIs. Women report feeling frustrated with their doctors' overuse of antibiotics and lack of education on preventing UTIs.
Researchers at Stanford University and SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory have created a new catalyst that accelerates the first step in turning carbon dioxide into fuel in two different ways: with heat and electricity. This breakthrough could lead to more efficient and sustainable production of chemicals and fuels by reducing greenh...
Long COVID, or post-acute sequelae of COVID-19, affects approximately 67% of individuals with mild to moderate COVID-19 infections. The study found that non-hospitalized individuals are just as likely to experience long-term symptoms as hospitalized ones.
School leaders faced overwhelming and disorganized government guidance during the first months of COVID lockdown, with 201 policy updates released in just 90 days. The study highlights the need for simple fixes to improve communication and implementation of policies.
Researchers from Chapman University discover that non-reproductive birds' brains mimic changes in female mice post-partum when induced to become parents. This finding opens new avenues for understanding the regulation of parental care across vertebrates.
Researchers analyzed images of Mercury's surface and found only 14 boulders, compared to the Moon's 30 times more frequent presence. Factors such as micrometeorite bombardment, thicker regolith, and extreme temperature fluctuations contribute to the rarity of boulders on Mercury.
Researchers at the University of Warwick have discovered a protein called 'curly' that can bend the cytoskeleton of cells, twisting them into different shapes. This finding opens up new possibilities for engineering cells and understanding how they replicate.
A clinical trial shows that full-dose blood thinner treatment reduced the need for organ support and improved hospital outcomes in moderately ill COVID-19 patients. However, this benefit was not seen in critically ill patients requiring intensive care.
A recent study found that greenhouse gases from human activity and warmer North Atlantic Ocean temperatures contributed to the Northeast's increased extreme precipitation since 1996. The research used global climate model simulations and statistical methods to isolate the causes of the increase.
New research reveals Bronze Age farmers in China prioritized cattle for their diets, utilizing byproducts like millet stalks for feed. This approach differs from other regions, where cows were raised closer to human settlements.
A recent study discovered that brain cells cannot maintain the myelin sheath in the absence of the TDP-43 protein. Restoring cholesterol levels has been proposed as a potential therapeutic strategy for neurodegenerative diseases associated with TDP-43. The research found that oligodendrocytes, responsible for producing myelin, have def...
Researchers found that a nutritionally rich, plant-centered diet is beneficial for cardiovascular health. A plant-centered diet is not necessarily vegetarian, and individuals can include animal products in moderation from time to time.
A recent study by the American Cancer Society found a strong association between economic mobility and racial disparities in mortality in the US. The study suggests that structural racism has persisted with similar magnitude across generations, leading to increased death rates among Black individuals compared to their White counterparts.
Researchers at Saint Petersburg Electrotechnical University LETI developed a high-precision instrumental method to measure rapid temperature fluctuations of human skin. This allows for non-invasive monitoring of blood flow and assessment of microcirculation disorders.
Researchers from the University of Washington identified a strong link between fine particulate air pollution and an increased risk of dementia. A 1 microgram per cubic meter difference in PM2.5 pollution was associated with a 16% greater incidence of dementia, highlighting the potential neurodegenerative effects of air pollution.
Researchers successfully detected and monitored Arctic narwhals and beluga whales using satellite orbiting 617km high, a breakthrough in cetacean tracking. This achievement demonstrates the potential of space-based monitoring for conservation efforts, providing valuable insights into these endangered species' habitats and behaviors.
A multidisciplinary team at KU is working with middle school teachers to develop education modules that expose students to science, psychology, and engineering design. The goal is to address barriers faced by women and minorities in the field, such as gender stereotyping and self-efficacy.
Researchers have discovered a marijuana-like brain substance that calms seizures by damping down seizure intensity. However, the rapid breakdown of this substance leads to blood-vessel constriction and disorientation, commonly experienced after epileptic seizures.
A recent study published in PLOS ONE found that analyzing pain distribution can predict chronic pain outcomes. Researchers identified 9 distinct groupings of pain distribution, which varied significantly across subgroups in terms of demographic and medical characteristics, pain intensity, impact, and neuropathic pain quality. The study...
Prokineticin-1 is a lymphangiogenic factor involved in human colorectal cancer's lymph node metastasis and lymph vessel formation. High PROK1 expression was found to significantly increase the rate of lymph node metastasis.
Researchers investigated the oncogenicity of human LAT1 in NIH/3T3 cells, finding it to be a promising anti-cancer target. Anti-LAT1 monoclonal antibodies inhibited cell proliferation and tumor growth, suggesting LAT1's potential for therapeutic development.
Researchers at Ohio State University developed built-in resonators that can be cut into walls or vehicle material to suppress vibrations and reduce noise. The design has potential applications in soundproofing walls and building airplane frames that minimize sound intrusion.
A team of scientists from Kanazawa University has discovered that adding CsI to the MAPbI3 perovskite structure greatly increases its stability and efficiency. The addition resulted in power conversion efficiencies as high as 18.43% and improved device performance.
A study by Princeton researchers found that China, Japan, and the US continue to finance fossil fuel power generation in developing countries. Despite their own carbon neutrality targets, these countries support mostly gas and coal power overseas.
A new study generated 137 whole-genome sequences from eight Middle Eastern populations, filling a major gap in international genomic projects. The researchers found 4.8 million previously undiscovered genetic variants, which could hold medical relevance.
A University of Otago study found that crawling experience significantly influences a baby's ability to avoid falling into water. The research, published in Infancy and Developmental Psychobiology, suggests that caregivers should promote crawling opportunities for their infants to develop safe perception and behavior.
A new study found that individuals with diabetes are significantly more likely to be hospitalized and have a greater risk of dying from infections. The research showed that the risk was more pronounced in younger adults with diabetes and black people, with an increased likelihood of both common and rare infections. This association bet...
Strategies to reduce antibiotic prescribing in primary care have been found to be insufficient on their own to tackle the growing threat of antimicrobial resistance. Despite a modest reduction in antibiotic-resistant infections from E. coli, the study highlights the need for a multi-sectoral approach to address this substantial health ...
Research from the University of Pennsylvania School of Nursing documents essential components of hospital care models for patients with opioid use disorder. The review found that addiction medicine consult services facilitate connection to post-discharge care and improve outcomes.
A low glycaemic diet has been shown to produce small but meaningful improvements in blood sugar levels, cholesterol, weight, and other risk factors in people with diabetes. The findings are based on a systematic review of 27 randomised controlled trials involving 1,617 participants with type 1 or 2 diabetes.
A NASA model describes Kappa 1 Ceti, a 30-light-year-away star with similar mass and surface temperature to our young Sun. The study sheds light on what allowed our Sun to foster life on nearby planets, including Earth's atmosphere and the development of biological molecules.
Researchers at Nagoya University have successfully created graphene-diamond junctions that mimic key brain functions such as synaptic plasticity and excitatory postsynaptic current. These junctions exhibit photo-sensing and photo-controllable functions similar to those performed by the brain and retina.
Dr. Jitender Mehla has received a National Institutes of Health Grant to study small molecule-based inhibition of multidrug efflux pump in Pseudomonas aeruginosa, a serious threat to hospital-acquired infections. The proposed research aims to develop antibacterials effective against multidrug-resistant Gram-negative pathogens.
A new artificial pancreas has been successfully trialled in outpatients with type 2 diabetes, showing improved blood sugar control and reduced risk of low blood sugar levels. The device can automate insulin delivery using digital technology, allowing for more effective management of the condition.
Researchers developed a novel evidence-based material recommender system that predicts high entropy alloy formation without data descriptors, overcomes data bias and poor availability. The method recommends an FeMnCoNi alloy as the most probable HEA and successfully synthesizes it, confirming its validity.
A recent study found that a muscle protein called CaMKII improves strength, endurance, and fitness in young animals, but also contributes to an evolutionary tradeoff: increased susceptibility to age-related diseases. The research suggests that future therapies targeting CaMKII could stave off diseases of old age.
Researchers at ETH Zurich have developed a multi-component molecule that interacts with collagen, allowing for the visualization of new tissue growth in the body. This breakthrough could have applications in oncology and wound healing, enabling surgeons to more accurately remove tumors and investigate tissue formation.
A recent study published in Journal of Bone and Mineral Research has identified genes and gene pathways that influence the genetic regulation of human height. The research examined genome-wide association studies and assessed the expression of these genetic regions in different layers of the growth plate during childhood.
Researchers discovered a novel centromeric functional protein, Apolo1, which regulates PLK1 kinase activity and ensures accurate chromosome segregation. This discovery provides insights into maintaining genomic stability and stem cell proliferation.
A study of 14,648 workers in Japan found that prolonged sitting during the COVID-19 pandemic worsened job performance. Sitting for long periods was associated only with worsened performance, while telework had mixed effects.
A survey study found that adults who place importance on religious or spiritual beliefs tend to make more advance care planning choices, such as specifying life-sustaining treatments. The study suggests that these beliefs may play a significant role in shaping end-of-life care preferences.
A randomized clinical trial found that graphic warning labels on cigarette packaging changed the perception of US smokers, making them more likely to recognize the negative consequences of tobacco use and consider quitting. However, it did not significantly increase quit attempts or reduce nicotine addiction.
Scientists have demonstrated a new way to control magnetic domain wall motions in thin film materials by combining two magnetic effects. This breakthrough could lead to the development of ultrafast, ultrasmall, and power-efficient devices using spintronics.
A large retrospective cohort analysis of 74,754 patients found that flu vaccination significantly reduces the risk of stroke, sepsis, and DVT in patients with COVID-19. Patients who received the flu shot were less likely to visit the emergency department and be admitted to ICU.
A recent study by a FAU team has discovered microplastics in every single mollusc examined from the Svalbard archipelago, including up to 184 particles of eight different types of plastic. The impact on the Arctic ecosystem is still unknown, but laboratory studies suggest that microplastics can cause inflammation in molluscs.
Researchers created a polymer coating that releases Lasioglossin-III, an AMP with broad-spectrum antibacterial activity, targeting specific infectious bacteria and preventing airway complications. The coating demonstrated significant antibacterial activity and prevented bacterial adherence to the tube.
The Covid-19 pandemic had a mixed impact on the EU labour market, with some countries experiencing significant increases in unemployment and inactivity rates. Notably, the Baltic States saw substantial growth in inactive citizens, while Poland was a 'unique case' where both unemployment and inactivity fell slightly.
Researchers outline critical role of thinning and prescribed burning in adaptive management, as well as Indigenous fire stewardship and restoration. They propose a framework for assessing changes in landscape conditions since fire suppression began.
A research team at Kansas State University is working on a three-year project to monitor a cancerous tumor's immune state to assess immunotherapy interventions. The goal is to drive more tumors into a favorable state, ultimately contributing to improved cancer immunotherapy treatment.
Researchers at the University of Helsinki have made a significant advance in fibroids research by identifying a new mechanism of tumorigenesis. Multiple tumors carried mutations in genes involved in histone trafficking, which affected gene expression levels and led to hereditary predisposition to the disease.
A team of computer scientists has developed an assembly selection process that balances representation and fairness in citizens' assemblies. By using a machine learning-based algorithm, the researchers ensure that all volunteers have an equal chance of being chosen, regardless of demographic quotas or education level.
Researchers cloned a novel gene, FNC, in tomato and found it causes the fruit to develop a 'netted-cracking' phenotype. The study provides genetic insights into this disorder and offers potential for molecular improvement of cracking-resistant varieties.
A new study analyzes 377 severe harm and death incidents in acute medical units across England and Wales between 2005-2015. The most common incident types were diagnostic errors, medication-related errors, and failures in monitoring patients. Implementing electronic prescribing systems and checklists can reduce diagnostic errors, while...