A portable, inexpensive testing platform, called PROMPT, can diagnose gonorrhea in under 15 minutes and determine its antibiotic resistance. The device has been shown to be 97% accurate in detecting the most common strain of gonorrhea and 100% accurate in determining its response to ciprofloxacin.
A large population-level study analyzed stool samples from over 7,000 Finnish adults and found that certain bacterial strains in the gut microbiota were associated with increased mortality risk. The study's machine learning algorithm identified specific microbial species linked to a shorter lifespan.
The study of Xerocrassa montserratensis reveals new insights into the conservation of this endemic and threatened species. The researchers identified genetic groups in different areas where sub-species had been described, providing a better understanding of the species' population structure.
A new collection of papers emphasizes the importance of protecting free-flowing rivers, which sustain biodiversity and food supply chains for billions. Despite being under-protected, these ecosystems face significant threats from human activities.
Researchers link C9ORF72 mutations to neuronal death in familial ALS patients by discovering a toxic mechanism that blocks cellular processes involving DNA and RNA. The newly identified mechanism reveals how arginine-rich proteins displace essential proteins, leading to cell death.
UNIST has partnered with Aramco Asia Korea and MIDAM Scholarship Foundation to provide coding programs to underprivileged students in Ulsan. The program aims to bridge the educational gap in computer science among elementary and middle school students.
Researchers explore how complex community patterns in Rapa Nui helped the isolated island survive from its settlement to European contact. Small communities maintained cultural separation, potentially shielding against random drift, which could lead to lost technologies and survival strategies.
A study found that Black and Hispanic women are more likely to develop idiopathic intracranial hypertension, a condition characterized by increased pressure in the fluid surrounding the brain. Obesity is the primary risk factor for the condition, which can cause chronic headaches, vision problems, and permanent vision loss.
An international research team found a lower pitched voice is associated with individuals who are more dominant, extrovert, and higher in sociosexuality, regardless of gender. The study used objective digital measures to analyze the pitch of over 2,000 participants' voices.
A new study found that indoor air pollution from residential coal burning in China causes a disproportionate number of premature deaths from exposure to tiny PM2.5 pollutants. Residential coal use accounted for 34% of premature deaths associated with PM2.5, despite contributing only 2.9% of total energy use.
Research from the Com-COV study shows that mixing COVID-19 vaccine doses can lead to more frequent mild-moderate symptoms, but adverse reactions are short-lived and no safety concerns were found. The study's findings suggest that mixed schedules could result in increased work absences after vaccination.
A new study has identified opioid treatment deserts in Ohio, where distances to recovery services exceed a mile or 30 minutes by public transit. These areas pose significant barriers to care, with shorter travel times found for white adults compared to Black adults.
Geophysicists at St. Petersburg State University have developed an algorithm to combine electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) and radiomagnetotelluric (RMT) methods for more accurate subsurface imaging. The joint inversion of CSRMT and ERT data provides a closer match to borehole data, improving the accuracy of geophysical exploration.
The World In Motion ensemble, founded by Katja Thomson, uses collaborative composing and arranging to create a space for reciprocal integration among refugees and Finnish musicians. This social innovation addresses the challenges of immigration through musical collaboration.
Researchers have discovered new genetic variants responsible for neurodevelopmental disorders, including intellectual disabilities and developmental delays. These variants affect chromatin remodeling genes, leading to abnormalities in brain function and development.
During the COVID-19 pandemic, rates of preterm birth and stillbirth increased in Ontario, Canada. The study found that the surge in maternal anxiety and stress during the pandemic contributed to these adverse outcomes.
Researchers have discovered that low levels of N-acetylglucosamine are associated with progressive MS, clinical disability and neurodegeneration. The simple sugar may serve as a biomarker and promote myelin repair, offering potential new avenues for treating the disease.
A University of Alberta study finds that brown bears who rub against trees more often tend to have more offspring and more mates. The research team analyzed bear hair samples from over 900 rub sites and found a correlation between tree-grating behavior and reproductive success.
Researchers found that earthworm guts have lower numbers and relative abundances of antibiotic-resistance genes compared to surrounding soils. The earthworms' unique gut environment may destroy ARGs or outcompete bacteria hosting them, suggesting a potential role in natural bioremediation.
Michigan State University scientists are breeding heat-resistant tepary beans to address global food security concerns. By leveraging the genetics of the tepary bean, researchers aim to create beans that can thrive in challenging climates and provide essential nutrients for vulnerable populations.
Researchers have developed biofabricated muscle substitutes that can restore significantly injured skeletal muscles with unprecedented efficiency. These biocompatible gel-like structures mimic the native muscle structure and can be created using 3D bioprinting, allowing for faster and more effective recovery from severe muscle mass loss.
A novel graphene nanoribbon sensor has been developed to detect atoms and molecules, utilizing the quantum mechanical tunnelling effect. The sensor's sensitivity is particularly strong when adsorbates accumulate on its surface.
Research at Washington State University found that petting therapy dogs enhanced executive functioning in stressed-out college students, particularly those at risk of mental health issues. The study, published in AERA Open, demonstrated long-lasting cognitive benefits up to six weeks after program completion.
Researchers found that people from diverse linguistic backgrounds could understand novel vocalizations for 30 different meanings, including animate and inanimate entities, actions, properties, and quantifiers. The study suggests iconic vocalisations may have played a crucial role in the creation of original spoken words.
A new study has identified a link between a genetic variation called omentin and cardiometabolic health, specifically among Asian Indian participants. The researchers found that the role of adiponectin, an obesity-related biomarker, was linked to cardiovascular disease markers independent of common and central obesity.
A study found that obese people with an evening chronotype, characterized by later waking and peak activity, have a significantly higher risk of developing type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. This increased risk is independent of sleep quality, age, gender, and body mass index.
A team of researchers has developed a machine-learning artificial intelligence tool that can assess strokes at smaller regional facilities. The technology uses CT angiography scans, which are more widely available than advanced imaging used in larger academic centers.
Researchers applied glide symmetry to dual-strip SSPP TLs, achieving flexible control of modal fields and significant suppression of coupling. This design enables compact circuits with improved signal integrity and low crosstalk.
The Locomotion Vault project provides a central, freely-available resource to analyze various virtual reality locomotion techniques. Researchers and developers can use the interactive database to inform decisions about the best approach for their application, while also identifying gaps where future investigation might be necessary.
Researchers found that using backyard resources to raise animals and grow soybeans can offset up to 50% of household protein consumption. Soybeans are the most efficient option, providing 80-160% of demand when prepared as edamame.
Research by Swansea University highlights the importance of taking a wider approach to wellbeing influenced by issues like inequality and climate change. The study presents a transdisciplinary framework to understand and improve wellbeing, emphasizing the need for focused efforts to tackle societal challenges.
A US study suggests that delaying the second dose of COVID-19 vaccines for people under 65 could result in lower mortality rates, with estimates suggesting a 20% reduction in deaths. The strategy is optimal when vaccine efficacy from one dose is 80% or higher and vaccination rates are low.
A recent case study by Johns Hopkins Medicine researchers provides evidence that medical marijuana may be an effective treatment for patients with chronic itch. The team found that THC, a compound in cannabis, attaches to brain receptors and reduces inflammation, leading to a reduction in skin sensations such as itchiness.
Researchers found that Salmonella bacteria cannot penetrate through strawberry roots and reach the fruit, making it an unlikely dietary risk factor. Effective methods for preventing surface contamination, such as drip irrigation and proper handling during harvesting, can further reduce the risk of contamination.
A portable, rapid testing platform can detect gonorrhea infections and determine antibiotic resistance in under 15 minutes. The platform's speed and low cost could combat the spread of drug-resistant strains and improve timely diagnoses for patients with gonorrhea or other STIs.
The new method streamlines DNA production by automating the synthesis of phosphoramidites, eliminating manual labor and storage issues. This breakthrough has significant implications for disease identification, drug manufacturing, and other medical applications.
Researchers discovered a previously unknown way that gut microbes interact with the immune system, raising questions about what goes awry in autoimmune disease. The thymus organ plays a crucial role in educating T cells about self and non-self markers, but surprisingly, it gives gut bacteria the green light.
A study published in Nature found that ancient people's gut microbiomes were more diverse and had fewer antibiotic-resistant genes compared to modern populations. The research suggests that a more diverse diet and lifestyle may have contributed to this difference.
A new study reveals that people often forget their preferred options and choose less-preferred ones due to imperfect memories. Researchers used fMRI scans and decision-making experiments to understand how memory impacts decisions.
Researchers at Scripps Research have unveiled an innovative Ebola virus vaccine design that stimulates a better protective immune response. The new approach involves tethering copies of the Ebola virus outer spike protein to a spherical carrier particle, resulting in a more stable and realistic-looking virus particle.
Researchers analyzed overdose deaths before and after the initial COVID-19 shelter-in-place order to identify potential changes in fatal overdose patterns. The study found that certain characteristics of fatal overdoses did change during this time, which could inform future prevention efforts.
Racist attacks against Asian Americans have increased notably since the COVID-19 pandemic, forcing many to reevaluate their careers in the US. The Biden administration hopes to revise immigration policies and retain international scientists, but awareness and tolerance remain uncertain for the Asian community.
David Moutard, a Wayne State University graduate student, has been selected to participate in the Office of Science Graduate Student Research (SCGSR) program. He will conduct research at the Lawrence Berkeley National Lab and study transient astronomical events, including supernovae and tidal disruption events.
Researchers discovered that symbiotic bacteria stimulate root hair growth and produce ethylene, a plant growth hormone, in root cells. This process enhances nutrient supply and makes crops more resistant to oxidative stresses, including heat, soil salt, heavy metals, and climate change.
Politecnico di Milano researchers used neural networks to predict the acoustic behavior of violin plates based on geometric parameters. The results showed an accuracy close to 98%, enabling luthiers to design and build violins with optimal sound quality, exploring new designs and materials.
Researchers discovered that users respond differently to AI systems asking for personal info when offered help versus asking for help themselves. Help-seeking AIs gained more trust and increased intentions to share personal info. The study suggests designing AIs to increase user awareness of personal info importance.
A phase 1 study found that combining cagrilintide, a long-acting amylin analogue, with semaglutide led to greater weight loss compared to semaglutide alone. The combination was well-tolerated and showed an acceptable safety profile.
The Regenstrief Institute emphasizes the importance of algorithmic performance in healthcare, highlighting the need for systematic surveillance and vigilance to address inherent biases. Studies have shown that debiasing methods can help address disparities represented in data used to develop AI approaches.
Researchers at the University of Missouri have developed a model for studying uterine fluid in the lab without invasive monitoring or experimentation during active pregnancies. The discovery paves the way for precision medicine approaches to maintaining healthy pregnancies and detecting potential complications.
A new brain-computer interface (BCI) system has been developed to restore communication in people with spinal cord injuries and neurological disorders. The system uses mental handwriting to record brain activity, allowing participants to compose sentences and communicate at a speed comparable to typing on a smartphone.
Researchers developed functional interferometric diffusing wave spectroscopy (fiDWS) to measure brain blood flow and activation noninvasively. The technology uses near-infrared light and has been shown to be faster and more accurate than existing methods, with applications in diagnosing strokes and monitoring brain injuries.
The conference presents novel findings on associations between physical activity and quality of life in patients with coronary heart disease, as well as the effect of loneliness on lifestyle modification in heart patients. Experts share top tips on supporting behavior change and motivating patients to maintain self-care.
A new study published in the New England Journal of Medicine found that surgically placing tympanostomy tubes in young children does not reduce recurrent ear infections compared to oral antibiotics. The trial also showed no increased bacterial resistance among children treated with antibiotics.
Researchers discovered that the ZAR1 resistosome forms pentameric oligomers in plant cell membranes, triggering sustained calcium ion influx and immune signaling events. This activation initiates cell death and is dependent on the activity of the calcium-permeable ion channel.
Researchers have successfully used a brain-computer interface to record brain signals associated with handwriting and create text on a computer in real time. The system allows individuals with severe speech or motor impairments to communicate rapidly and accurately, with a trial participant typing at a rate of 90 characters per minute.
KAIST researchers have developed a deep learning approach to accurately determine the 3D surface atomic structure of nanoparticles. The method enhances precision by nearly 70% and improves surface atom identification, enabling the study of catalytic properties at the atomic scale.
A research team has developed a platinum-free biocatalyst that efficiently produces hydrogen using electricity and generates electricity from hydrogen. The enzyme system is embedded in a polymer film, making it viable for industrial use, with potential applications in fuel cells and water electrolysis.
A study by Ohio State University found that kindergartners from low-income families spent an average of 6.6 hours a day on screens, nearly double the pre-pandemic level. This excessive screen time was partly due to caregivers' difficulties in managing their children's time during the pandemic.
Researchers found that the major source of microbes in aerosols came from dental irrigant, with saliva contributing minimally. The study's findings suggest that current infection control practices are adequately robust to protect personnel and patients.
A dengue virus vaccine candidate has produced a protective immune response in infected mice, offering a promising alternative to existing vaccines. The UQ-developed vaccine uses an Australian insect virus and can be administered via a microarray patch for easy, needle-free delivery.
Museums have successfully adapted to the pandemic by offering online exhibitions, featuring behind-the-scenes videos, podcasts, and virtual tours. However, researchers warn that there is a need for staff to develop digital skills to manage this new era of engagement.
Researchers developed three scenarios to achieve Indonesia's CPO productivity target of 60 M t by 2035. The business-as-usual scenario requires significant land expansion, while the other two intensification scenarios focus on increasing existing productivity and targeted expansion to avoid high-C peatlands.
Researchers at UToledo are developing new technology for early detection and management of harmful algal blooms in Lake Erie. The project aims to improve water quality from source to tap using advanced monitoring sensors and nature-inspired biological treatment methods.
A new low-cost, environmentally friendly sensor has been developed by University of Limerick researchers that can detect damage in pipelines and leaks as small as 2mm. The sensor uses highly sensitive eco-friendly crystals and has the potential to save water and reduce environmental impact.
A recently discovered letter by Albert Einstein discusses a link between physics and biology, suggesting new discoveries could come from studying animal senses. Researchers have now found that recent studies on migratory birds support Einstein's thinking, which was first proposed 72 years ago.
A new computational method enables researchers to design functional magnonic devices in a shorter time, overcoming traditional limitations. The approach uses inverse design and intelligent algorithms to create devices with multiple functionalities.
A pilot study found that micro-fragmented adipose tissue (MFAT) injection provides significant and long-lasting pain relief for wheelchair users with chronic shoulder pain caused by rotator cuff disease. The study showed encouraging results, with nearly 80% of participants experiencing a meaningful decrease in pain symptoms.
UK's COVID-19 travel plan will allow new variants to enter the country, says virologists. Researchers warn that resuming international air travel poses a risk to controlling virus transmission and tackling climate change.
Researchers at the Center for Astrophysics | Harvard & Smithsonian are using a $2.8 million grant to test their theory that astronomy can be an early gateway to attract youth to STEM fields. The program, YouthAstroNet, has already shown positive results in increasing interest and confidence among students from underrepresented groups.
A new study of over 4,400 Illinois adolescents found that youths with diverse gender identities are bullied at rates double or triple those of their male and female peers. Gender-expansive youths experienced disproportionately higher rates of verbal abuse, cyberbullying, and physical violence.
A national report from UNH's CCRC found that 1.4 million children and teens visit medical facilities for violence-related treatment each year. Most visits were to treat injuries, but some were to document harms or seek supportive help for problems like bullying.
A recent study published in The BMJ analyzed global data from over 303,000 hospitalized COVID-19 patients, highlighting significant heterogeneity in drug therapy choice. Adjunctive therapies, such as corticosteroids and anti-cytokines, emerged as popular forms of management for supportive care.
A Mayo Clinic study reports on the first 100 patients with post-COVID-19 syndrome, experiencing symptoms like fatigue, respiratory complaints, and neurologic issues. The study highlights the need for healthcare providers to prepare for prolonged symptoms and provide effective treatment, including psychosocial support.
Researchers discovered a correlation between decreased Rbbp7 levels and increased tau protein tangle formation in Alzheimer's brains. Restoring Rbbp7 levels reversed tangle formation and cell loss, offering a new avenue for effective treatments.
Researchers at Lancaster University have demonstrated that the recent observation of field effect in superconductors can be explained by a simple mechanism involving electron injection. The team's findings unambiguously refute the claim of novel physics behind the phenomenon.
A new AI tool developed by NYU Langone Health can accurately predict which COVID-19 patients are most likely to develop life-threatening complications within four days, using chest X-ray images and other clinical data. The tool achieved an 80% accuracy rate in predicting patients who required intensive care or died from their infections.
Researchers at Hiroshima University engineered a new strain of heat-loving bacteria that thrive in high temperatures and produce acetone efficiently. This breakthrough could simplify and cost-effectively replace traditional methods for producing acetone, paving the way for more sustainable biofuel production.
A new study by Drexel University found that parks were not only safe but essential for people seeking respite from social isolation during the pandemic. Despite early concerns about park usage contributing to COVID-19 transmission, researchers discovered no strong correlation between park use and local case numbers.
Researchers visualized and studied white matter pathways in human brains developing in the womb using advanced medical imaging. The study provides a detailed understanding of normal developmental trajectories of white matter tracts, which will help inform treatment strategies for diseases affecting preterm infants.
The special issue explores the subtopics of in vivo fate of drug nanocarriers through review and research articles. Featured papers discuss intracellular uptake, impact of particle size and pH on protein corona formation, and in vivo dissolution of poorly water-soluble drugs.
Researchers at the Chinese Academy of Sciences extracted the proton mass radius from experimental data, finding it to be 0.67 ± 0.03 femtometers, which is smaller than the charge radius.
Researchers at The University of Hong Kong have created an atomic-scale ion transistor that can selectively transport ions faster than in bulk water. The device achieves this through electrically gated graphene channels, allowing for highly switchable ultrafast ion transport.
Fadie Coleman, assistant professor of medical sciences and education at Boston University School of Medicine, has been awarded the 2021 Metcalf Award for Excellence in Teaching. She is recognized for her innovative strategies to prepare undergraduates from underrepresented backgrounds for success in the biomedical/STEM workforce.
Researchers are studying the integration of smart vehicles with smart cities, exploring computing paradigms such as vehicular cloud computing and vehicular fog computing. The goal is to create efficient, safe, and economical transportation systems that can adapt to real-time applications.
A new study found that more college students change majors within the STEM pipeline than leave the career path altogether. Students often switch to a field they find more attractive, highlighting the importance of understanding their motivations.
Researchers at Massachusetts General Hospital have discovered that sevoflurane can cause tau to leave neurons and enter microglia, stimulating inflammation and cognitive impairment. The study suggests that inhibiting tau phosphorylation or extracellular vesicle generation could prevent this tau spreading.
Scientists have developed a new optogenetic tool using a mosquito-derived light-sensitive protein to investigate brain communication pathways. The researchers found that the protein enables precise control over specific neurons, allowing them to decipher neurotransmitter messages.
The US Geological Survey, University of Washington and Washington Emergency Management District activate the ShakeAlert system on May 4, sending advance warning of impending earthquakes to millions of people. The system provides seconds to minutes of warning time for earthquakes above magnitude 4.5 or 5.
A study published in JAMA Dermatology reports delayed localized injection-site reactions to the Moderna COVID-19 vaccine in 16 patients. The authors highlight this finding as a potential side effect of the vaccine, emphasizing the importance of monitoring for such reactions.
A new species of giant mosasaur, Pluridens serpentis, was discovered in Morocco, showcasing the high diversity of marine life during the Cretaceous period. The fossil found evidence of a unique sensory system, suggesting that the mosasaur used changes in water pressure to detect prey.
Researchers at Max Born Institute created and annihilated skyrmions using laser pulses, demonstrating precise control over their density. The process has potential for use in stochastic computing, enabling fast and energy-efficient data storage and processing.
A research team from the University of Münster has identified a new mechanism regulating cell growth in tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC), which affects one in 10,000 newborns. The study reveals how mutations can disrupt protein binding through a 'burr effect', leading to uncontrolled cell growth and tumour formation.
Elephant seals spend 80% of their day foraging for fish, feeding between 1,000 and 2,000 times per day. Their unique foraging strategy can help monitor the health of the mesopelagic zone, a critical ecosystem expected to undergo substantial changes by the end of the century.
Scientists at the University of Surrey detail how they measure metabolite fluxes in Mycobacterium tuberculosis, crucial for understanding its survival and developing effective treatments. This breakthrough could accelerate progress towards eliminating tuberculosis globally.
A pilot clinical trial is underway to evaluate the efficacy of ultrasound stimulation in reducing COVID-19-related inflammation. The study, called UNITE Study, will recruit 40 patients with severe symptoms and compare the treatment group's recovery time to a control group receiving standard medical care.
Researchers found a clear relationship between COVID-19 mitigation measures and reduced flu cases in countries like Canada, the US, Australia, and Brazil. The absence of a 2020-21 flu season demonstrates the effectiveness of hand-washing, masking, and social distancing in limiting virus transmission.
Researchers analyzed registry data to examine the characteristics and outcomes of patients with severe sunburns in Australia and New Zealand. The study found a higher risk of complications and mortality among these patients, highlighting the need for improved prevention and treatment strategies.
Harvard researchers develop a stable solid-state lithium battery that can be charged and discharged at least 10,000 times, increasing the lifetime of electric vehicles to 10-15 years. The battery's multilayer design prevents dendrite growth, allowing for high current density and quick charging.
A team at the University of Michigan has developed a material that boosts magnetostriction, allowing for more energy-efficient computing devices. The material could lead to significant reductions in electricity requirements and improve magnetic sensors for medical and security devices.
The RAPID technology uses electrochemical impedance spectroscopy to detect SARS-CoV-2 viral spike protein and provides 90% accurate results in four minutes. The test is inexpensive, scalable, and can be read on a benchtop instrument or smartphone, extending reliable COVID-19 testing to remote areas.
The study reveals that thick and rough solid-liquid interfaces facilitate rapid crystal growth by breaking up disorder. Disordered states are inherently unstable mechanically, leading to a domino-like chain reaction of crystal growth.
Lemon trees showed a lower molecular response to the citrus greening disease pathogen Liberibacter asiaticus compared to orange trees. This may be due to accumulated micronutrients and upregulated protease inhibitors in lemons, which hinder photosynthesis. The study's findings could aid in developing resistant citrus varieties.
The study evaluates the validity of diagnostic criteria for anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis in children, revealing age-dependent symptom patterns. The sensitivity and specificity of the criteria were found to be high, with notable differences in presentation between pediatric and adult patients.
Researchers at TU Darmstadt created an interactive typeface, AdaptiFont, that adjusts font styles to increase reading speed. The system uses machine learning to generate personalized fonts based on individual users' preferences.
A new study by West Virginia University researcher Jonathan Busada found that testosterone can help regulate the immune response and prevent stomach inflammation. The study suggests that androgens may act as a 'brake pedal' on the immune system, protecting men from chronic inflammatory diseases such as celiac disease, multiple sclerosi...
Researchers at Karolinska Institutet have developed an internet-delivered CBT programme that significantly reduces social anxiety and comorbid psychiatric symptoms in young people with SAD. The digital format increases accessibility and reduces therapist time, making it a cost-effective option.
A new method called Progressive Mechanoporation enables the efficient delivery of genes, drugs, and other substances into cells. This is achieved by passing cells through a special polymer biochip with microchannels that create pores in the cell membrane, allowing molecules to pass through.
Researchers developed a gold leaf electrode system that sensitively detects human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA using CRISPR-based assay. The method is simple, affordable and adaptable to detect other viral infections, addressing a need for diagnostic tests in low-resource settings.
A study of 92 adolescents found that girls are more likely to develop high blood pressure and dyslipidemia associated with obesity. The researchers believe personalized treatment is needed due to differences in hormone and neuropeptide profiles between girls and boys, regardless of weight and age.
A study found that pink drinks can increase exercise performance by 4.4%, making participants feel more efficient while running. This is attributed to a potential placebo effect, where the drink's color influences perceived sweetness and pleasure.
Researchers have designed a new drug compound that effectively blocks a critical step in the malaria parasite life cycle, trapping it in the cell and preventing its replication. The compound works by blocking an enzyme called SUB1, which is crucial for the parasite's exit route from red blood cells.
A recent study found that environmental enrichment leads to specific epigenetic changes in the mouse brain, activating a minority of genes involved in cognition and mental health. These changes may inform future research on therapies for mental health disorders.
A Canadian survey found that a significant proportion of cardiology trainees are uncomfortable with using telemedicine, highlighting the need for better preparation and supervision. Experts propose developing a telemedicine curriculum to address this educational gap and ensure trainees can provide high-quality virtual outpatient care.
UCLA Health has received a $750,000 grant from the U.S. Economic Development Administration to scale healthcare innovations for COVID-19 response and recovery. The grant will support the Los Angeles Response to COVID (LA-R2C) Accelerator, aiming to address health equity through novel health technologies.
A new AI model precisely replicates human touchscreen typing by simulating eye and finger movements, making it easier to optimize keyboard designs for better typing. The model can also account for different user types, including those with motor impairments, to develop personalized typing aids.
Researchers developed a brand reputation tracker that can monitor changes in brand reputation over time using artificial intelligence-based text analysis of social media posts. The tracker accurately reflected major brand events, such as changes in Facebook's reputation after the Cambridge Analytica scandal.
Researchers at H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center discovered that acral nevi have a distinct mutation profile compared to acral melanoma, with activating mutations in the BRAF gene being very common in acral nevi. The study found that only 10% of patients had activating mutations in the NRAS gene.
This survey study estimated US children and adolescents who received medical care due to assault, abuse, or violence. The study found that approximately 9% of children aged 2-17 experienced violence-related injury or death.
A recent study published in Ecography reveals that mobile apps can uncover macroecological patterns similar to those derived from long-term inventory data. The Flora Incognita app, which uses AI for plant identification, provides valuable datasets on environmental conditions, despite user behavior influencing the data.
Researchers have created a software that can decode brain signals to translate mental handwriting into text on a computer screen. The technology, called 'mindwriting,' has been tested on a man with full-body paralysis and achieved speeds of over 18 words per minute, rivaling those of able-bodied peers.
Researchers have developed a bicyclic peptide that binds to and inhibits the oncogenic protein beta-catenin, which is associated with certain types of tumor. The peptide's unique hairpin shape and cyclic nature mimic natural protein structures, making it an attractive starting point for developing new antitumor drugs.
Researchers at NUS have created a new class of intelligent materials that can adapt their properties depending on changes in their surroundings. These smart materials show promise for targeted drug delivery and could also be used in artificial muscles and energy storage applications.
The study suggests that the islanders' strict separation into independent sub-groups helped maintain cultural diversity. This pattern is attributed to the finite population size and localized community structures.
Researchers found that low-to-mid latitude land surfaces cooled by an average of 5.8°C during the Last Glacial Maximum, contradicting previous estimates. The study's findings suggest a higher climate sensitivity to greenhouse gases and potentially stronger future global warming.
A new study found that academic skills are the least valuable characteristic when assessing an ideal university student. The most important dimensions include diligence and engagement, organisation and discipline, and a positive outlook.
Researchers at North Carolina State University have developed a 125μm×245μm Gen2-compatible RFID chip, the world's smallest of its kind. The smaller chip size enables mass production and reduces costs to under one cent per tag.
Researchers at North Carolina State University found that standing dead trees in coastal wetland forests, known as ghost forests, emit significant greenhouse gases. The study, published in Biogeochemistry, reveals that snags increase overall ecosystem GHG emissions by about 25%.
A team of UChicago chemists has developed a way to easily edit molecule structures, paving the way for faster and more efficient chemical discoveries. This breakthrough method allows for direct nitrogen deletion from molecules, bypassing traditional intermediate steps.
A study published in Nature reveals that early life is critical for setting up surveillance mechanisms to keep good bacteria in check. The immune system learns to recognize and distinguish between good and bad bacteria, which helps prevent chronic inflammation and inflammatory bowel disease.
A team of researchers has discovered the dominant mechanism behind the formation of formic acid in the atmosphere, a key contributor to air acidity. The study reveals that formaldehyde reacts with water molecules to produce methanediol, which then oxidizes to form formic acid.
Geochemical evidence contradicts historical accounts by Herodotus and Diodorus Siculus, showing that Himera's soldiers were mostly local during the first battle but increased non-Greek mercenaries in the second. The study provides new insights into ancient Greek military forces and migration patterns.
Scientists have uncovered the molecular structure of three major complexes of glutamate receptors in the hippocampus, a region crucial for memory and learning. The discovery has significant implications for treating epilepsy and seizure disorders, as it enables the development of targeted drugs to modulate specific receptor activity.
A recent study found that 66% of commercial kefir products overstated microorganism density and 80% contained unlabeled bacterial species. The researchers highlight the need for better quality control to understand kefir's potential health benefits.
A new study has found a reduced risk of eye cataracts associated with obesity surgery. Patients who underwent weight loss through bariatric surgery showed a lower incidence of cataract compared to those who did not have surgery, especially when performed before age 60.
COVID-19 causes loss of smell by infecting sensory neurons and triggering inflammation. The virus persists in the olfactory epithelium for months, leading to prolonged clinical signs.
SARS-CoV-2 employs a three-pronged strategy to outsmart the immune system, including reducing gene translation, degrading messenger RNAs, and preventing mRNA export. This 'host shutoff' tactic delays and muddles the immune response, resulting in severe symptoms of COVID-19.
University of Minnesota Medical School researchers found that senescent immune cells drive tissue damage and shorten lifespan. The team identified these cells as the most dangerous type of senescent cell, paving the way for developing senolytic drugs targeting them.
A study found that female lawyers are more likely to experience stress, engage in risky drinking, and contemplate leaving the profession due to burnout. Workplace factors such as work overcommitment and high work-family conflict scores were significant predictors of these issues for women.
A new UNSW Sydney study examines content between December 2019 to November 2020 and found over 103 million people globally shared or reacted with misinformation about COVID-19 vaccines. The study highlights the need for traditional risk communication and community engagement methods to counter misinformation.
A new study found that five major kefir brands fell short of their claims, delivering between 10 million to 1 billion bacteria per gram. The researchers also identified discrepancies between the labeled species and those present in the products.
Scientists at Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute identified lipid kinases as essential for balancing cellular metabolism and promoting overall health. The findings support targeting these proteins as a promising approach to treating diseases like cancer.
Researchers at the University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center have discovered that targeting the mitochondrial enzyme DHODH can induce ferroptosis and suppress tumor growth in cancer cells. The study suggests a new therapeutic strategy for inducing ferroptosis, which could have broad implications for treating various types of cancer.
Researchers found that semaglutide treatment leads to significant weight loss across various patient groups, including those with different ages, sexes, and body weights. Female participants and those with lower starting body weights achieved the most substantial weight losses.
Boston University School of Medicine director Ridiane Denis has received a Distinguished Service Award for her outstanding contributions to the university. The award recognizes her tireless efforts in supporting research projects and staff, particularly during challenging times like COVID-19.
Researchers have deciphered brain activity associated with trying to write letters by hand and developed an algorithm to identify letters. The system displayed the text on a screen in real time, allowing the participant to type 90 characters per minute, more than double the previous record for typing with a brain-computer interface.
Researchers demonstrate simultaneous imaging of up to 6 subcellular targets with low crosstalks and high temporal resolutions. They achieve full-frame high sensitivities in quantifying mitochondrial matrix pH and intracellular macromolecular crowding.
A new study found that semaglutide causes similar weight loss in patients aged under 40, 40-60 years, and 60 years and over. The treatment also showed a more pronounced effect on body composition in younger patients.
Researchers found that 18:1 LPE promotes neurite outgrowth and protects neurons from glutamate toxicity, suggesting a key role for LPE in brain function. The study provides new insights into the physiological importance of LPE and its potential as a therapeutic agent for cranial nerve damage.
A new study reveals that fish biodiversity can provide benefits to mixed-stock fisheries, such as stabilizing catches, but comes with the cost of increased conservation risks. By targeting specific productive stocks and avoiding unproductive weak ones, fisheries can maintain high harvest rates while reducing these risks.
C-Path and Tufts Medical Center collaborate to integrate patient-level clinical trial data and real-world data to generate actionable real-world evidence for neonatal drug development. The partnership aims to improve survival and outcome for preterm neonates with limited new drug development.
Researchers conducted a comprehensive health assessment of gopher tortoises, finding that 42.9% had circulating antibodies to Mycoplasma agassizii, indicating an outbreak at one site. The study provides important baseline data on emerging pathogens and highlights the need for further surveillance.
Researchers at UCLA have identified six signaling codons that specific immune cells use to call up immune defense genes. These codon-words can lead to incorrect gene activation and cause autoimmune diseases like Sjögren's syndrome, which is found when the body mistakenly attacks itself.
A new study found that organic-certified meats are 56 percent less likely to be contaminated with multidrug-resistant bacteria compared to conventionally produced meat. The research analyzed data from the US National Antimicrobial Resistance Monitoring System and covered over 39,000 meat samples.
A new study found that semaglutide, an obesity drug, supresses appetite and food cravings, reducing energy intake in individuals with obesity. The study showed a 35% lower energy intake during a meal where participants could eat as much as they liked.
Researchers have developed a peptide that enables THC to fight pain without the cognitive side effects associated with cannabis. In mice, the optimized peptide showed improved memory and reduced immune response, making it an ideal drug candidate for reducing cognitive side effects from cannabis-based pain management.
Researchers have developed an innovative GIS map to help building professionals achieve successful Plus Energy Building design. The European Climate and Cultural Atlas combines knowledge from social sciences and building engineering to provide insights into energy practices.
A new study by Stanford researchers found that nearly two-thirds of California prison residents who were offered a COVID-19 vaccine accepted at least one dose. Acceptance rates varied across different racial and ethnic groups, with Hispanic and white inmates having the highest acceptance rates.
A machine learning algorithm, FARDEEP, has been developed to assess an individual patient's risk of regenerative outcomes after surgical treatments of peri-implantitis. The study found that immune cell types central to microbial control are strongly correlated with superior clinical outcomes.
Scientists have discovered dramatic differences in gut microbiomes between ancient North American peoples and modern industrialized populations. The analysis of human paleofeces from dry caves reveals novel species of microbes and higher numbers of transposases, which may help microbes adapt to changing environments.
Patients who underwent bariatric surgery ten years ago reported that their eating habits and appetite remained affected, with reduced cravings for unhealthy foods. However, they also described struggling to manage their lives, including supporting overweight children, due to ongoing guilt and self-blame.
A new theorem limits the use of quantum machine learning to learn processes like black holes, highlighting its fundamental limits. However, most physical processes are structured enough that they don't resemble random ones, making the impact less severe.
Researchers used genetic engineering tools to create a virus that can enter specific neurons and insert new genetic code, inducing modified protein production. In mice tests, the alteration was sufficient to modify brain activity, indicating potential biomarker for psychiatric disorders like schizophrenia and autism.
The RIO Journal has published over 300 research outcomes since its launch in 2016, including early ideas, grant proposals, data management plans, and project reports. These non-traditional publications have shown significant engagement and societal impact, with authors mapping their articles to the Sustainable Development Goals.