News from the institutes and societies that organize science. Covers scientific medals, university-hospital partnerships, oncology cooperatives, and society leadership.
A new study from Concordia University reveals that parents and peers are vital for millennials leaving home, providing both practical and emotional support. The research, conducted with 32 emerging adults, found that peers were a key source of information about moving out and adopting strategies for autonomous living.
Research reveals Yeast Protein Concentrate (YPC) can be separated from cereal matter and is a cost-competitive substitute for imported soya-based protein feeds. This could partially replace fish meal on commercial fish farms, benefiting 800 million chickens reared for meat production each year.
The OPTIMIZE trial found that shortening dual antiplatelet therapy after drug-eluting stent implantation may reduce bleeding risks and treatment costs. Patients who received shorter-term therapy had similar rates of NACCE as those on longer-term therapy.
The DUTCH PEERS (TWENTE II) trial found that two third-generation permanent polymer-based drug-eluting stents had low rates of adverse clinical events, establishing the non-inferiority of a zotarolimus-eluting stent. The study also showed no significant differences in individual components of the primary endpoint.
A recent study of diabetic patients who underwent revascularization for multi-vessel coronary artery disease found that insulin-treated patients experienced higher rates of major adverse cardiovascular events, including death, stroke, and myocardial infarction. CABG was found to reduce mortality and myocardial infarction rates compared...
The REPRISE II trial demonstrated low rates of complications with the second-generation transcatheter aortic valve, including minimal post-procedure paravalvular aortic regurgitation. The device successfully addressed challenges associated with TAVR, improving outcomes for patients with severe aortic stenosis.
The GIANT trial found that identifying slow responders to clopidogrel through genetic profiling and adjusting treatment leads to reduced adverse events and similar ischemic event rates compared to those with a favorable genetic profile. This suggests alternative treatment strategies for patients identified as CYP2C19 poor metabolizers.
A new trial found that patients who have no major cardiac events in the first year following coronary stenting may not require extended dual antiplatelet therapy, reducing the risk of bleeding complications. The study suggests a potential shift towards shorter treatment durations for this group of patients.
The ADVISE II trial found that iFR accurately classified 94.2% of coronary stenoses, with high positive and negative predictive values for hemodynamically severe stenosis detection. The study supports the use of iFR to simplify physiological guidance of percutaneous coronary intervention without adenosine administration.
The SMART-CASE trial found that a conservative approach to revascularization for patients with intermediate coronary lesions is safe and comparable to an aggressive strategy. After one year, both groups had similar rates of adverse events and clinical outcomes.
The LEVANT 2 trial presents favorable 6-month data on drug-coated balloon angioplasty for treating femoropopliteal artery disease. Patients treated with a drug-coated balloon experienced higher primary patency rates (92.3%) compared to those receiving standard PTA alone.
The RIBS V trial found that both drug-eluting balloons and stents provide excellent long-term clinical outcomes for patients with bare metal stent restenosis. Angiographic results showed superior late angiographic results for drug-eluting stents, but low rates of clinical and angiographic recurrences in both groups.
A new clinical trial found that a two-stent technique for treating bifurcation lesions with a large stenotic side branch is not associated with improved mid-term outcomes compared to a provisional stenting approach. The study, presented at TCT 2013, showed similar rates of major adverse cardiac events (MACE) between the two techniques.
The CHILL-MI trial found that therapeutic hypothermia using intravenous cold saline and endovascular venous cooling reduced clinical heart failure incidence by 71% in STEMI patients. However, the trial missed its primary endpoint of reducing infarct size.
Researchers studied coral skeletons at the nanoscale, revealing three distinct regions formed daily. Understanding these mechanisms is crucial for protecting coral reefs from acidification and rising temperatures.
A team led by Professor Simon Keay will study 31 Roman ports across nine countries using geophysical surveys, satellite imagery, and ancient texts. The project aims to gather knowledge about how these ports integrated into vast trading networks across the Roman Empire.
The COREVALVE EXTREME RISK trial found that the self-expanding transcatheter aortic valve reduced all-cause mortality or major stroke rate by 68% at 12 months compared to the pre-specified performance goal. The study included 487 patients with severe aortic stenosis, most of whom were elderly and had high surgical risk.
The PROSPECT II trial will enroll 900 patients with acute coronary syndrome to assess the ability of intracoronary near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) to identify non-flow obstructing vulnerable plaques. The study will also evaluate the feasibility of a bioresorbable scaffold in preventing future major adverse cardiovascular events.
Researchers at Aalto University found that people tend to communicate more frequently with individuals who are similar in age, gender, and mutual friends. The study used computational social science methods to analyze anonymized mobile phone call data, revealing patterns of communication that contradict earlier assumptions.
Researchers have discovered that specific bacteria, such as Lactobacillus, stimulate the growth of host epithelial cells through the production of reactive oxygen species. This finding has implications for treating inflammatory bowel disease and other disorders.
Scientists at the Buck Institute for Research on Aging have identified a mechanism that helps fruit flies adapt to diet changes as young animals, but this mechanism gets misregulated with age, leading to metabolic homeostasis disruption. The study's findings could lead to new treatments that preserve healthy metabolism during aging.
Researchers identified collaboration with practitioners, wider dissemination of research articles, and creative outlets like blogs and webinars as potential solutions. Academics and journal editors need to reach out to practitioners and identify ways to be responsive to their needs and interests.
A new study by Canadian physicists reveals that small impurities in the water are a critical factor in the formation of icicle ripples. The researchers found that icicles grown from pure distilled water exhibited no ripples, but those grown with salt impurities developed characteristic ripples.
PENTAX Medical will provide substantial funding over three years to stimulate innovation in gastroenterology, advancing science and practice. The partnership supports the AGA Institute's development of essential programming to promote innovation and technology in digestive diseases.
Researchers found no evidence that state public health departments lose funding when merged with Medicaid programs. In fact, the study suggests that strong public health agencies can help save Medicaid money by preventing costly diseases.
Archaeogenetics research finds Ashkenazi lineages closely related to southern and western European DNA, indicating early adoption of Judaism from amongst the local population.
Researchers at The Dartmouth Institute for Health Policy & Clinical Practice found that more than half the US population lives in areas where ACOs have been established. These areas tend to have higher performance on quality measures, greater managed care penetration and lower poverty rates.
Accountable care organizations, formed by consolidating doctors and hospitals into large networks, are more common in regions with payment risk sharing at hospitals and larger integrated hospital systems. These organizations aim to improve quality and cut costs without offering lower premiums to consumers.
Researchers developed Lumitrack, a motion tracking technology that uses projectors and sensors to track movements with sub-millimeter accuracy. The system achieves near real-time response and low latency, making it suitable for gaming and other applications.
Biochemist Alex Evilevitch measures internal pressure of HSV-1, revealing key mechanism behind herpes infection and paving way for new medicine development. The discovery could lead to universal treatment for various viral infections, including cancer-linked viruses.
Researchers identify nerve pathways in the spinal cord that transmit pain signals from gastric reflux to the brain. This breakthrough could lead to more effective treatments beyond acid reduction, correcting sensitivity of nerve endings and providing balanced relief for sufferers.
Researchers have developed a protocol to verify quantum computer results without using additional quantum computer resources. The test involves inserting 'traps' into tasks, which the user knows the result of in advance, allowing for reliable verification of the quantum computer's accuracy.
A team of IUPUI researchers will investigate the impact of staff burnout on mental health treatment and outcomes, implementing an intervention program that incorporates traditional stress-reduction techniques and cognitive behavioral practices. The goal is to reduce burnout and improve clinician engagement in patient care.
New research reveals that sub-shelf melting is a significant contributor to Antarctic ice loss, accounting for up to 90% of mass loss in some areas. This finding is crucial for understanding how the ice sheet interacts with the climate system and its potential impact on global sea levels.
Researchers found that yeast S. pombe remains youthful when reproducing under favorable conditions, producing offspring younger than the parent. However, after stress or negative influences, the yeast ages and produces cells with damaged material.
Dr. R. Clinton Webb, a leading expert in hypertension research, is honored with the American Heart Association Council on High Blood Pressure Research's Lifetime Achievement Award. He is recognized for his groundbreaking contributions to the field of hypertension and his dedication to mentoring and service.
Research reveals how ancient crocodiles evolved and survived alongside dinosaurs, with notable variations in jaw shapes and biomechanics. The study, published in Proceedings of the Royal Society B, provides new insights into the evolution and adaptation of ancient crocodiles during the Mesozoic Era.
A recent study on adolescent perceptions surrounding physical activity found that teens are aware of the mental benefits of exercise, including increased confidence and self-esteem. Teens also perceive elements like leadership skills development and character growth to be beneficial, equally common among boys and girls.
A recent study published in Current Biology found that the brain represents the space near others in the same way it represents the space near itself. This shared representation could help individuals interact more efficiently and understand social cues more intuitively.
A study by Aalto University shows that improved customer satisfaction with a company increases ownership and share value among institutional investors. In uncertain markets, customer satisfaction is key to attracting investors, who prioritize long-term marketing competence over short-term profits.
The Brain & Behavior Research Foundation has awarded $11.8 million to 200 new Young Investigator grantees conducting basic and clinical research on mental illness causes and treatments. This marks the 27th year of the program, which has invested over $300 million since 1987.
Research suggests that familiar voices sharpen auditory perception and help individuals focus on one voice at a time. Middle-aged adults can use familiarity to ignore their spouse's voice and better understand unfamiliar voices, while older adults struggle with this task.
Researchers have identified a promising avenue for early diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease through non-invasive brain wave analysis. The study found statistically significant differences in brain wave patterns between healthy individuals and those with mild to moderate Alzheimer's disease.
Early Neolithic and pre-Neolithic hunter-gatherers used spices for flavor, challenging the traditional view that plants were exploited solely for energy requirements. Garlic mustard, with its strong flavor but little nutritional value, was identified as a primary spice in European prehistoric cuisine.
Citizens in Greater Bilbao value the cultural services of Green Belt ecosystems, such as leisure and tranquillity, with nearly all respondents aware that ecosystems provide services. The study highlights the need for citizen participation and proper regulation to preserve these valuable ecosystem services.
Research at University of Liverpool reveals human feet retain surprising flexibility like those of great apes, contradicting long-held assumptions about arch development. The study suggests humans may have retained flexibility for effective coping with varied ground surfaces during long-distance walks and runs.
UMass Amherst microbiologist Jim Holden launches new studies on microbes living deep in undersea volcanoes, funded by private philanthropists. His work addresses questions about the first life on Earth and potential microbial life on other planets.
A new University of Michigan study found that Facebook use predicts declines in a user's well-being, undermining their social connection needs. In contrast, direct interactions with other people on the platform led participants to feel better over time.
A study published in Psychological Science found that people who experience embarrassment are more likely to choose items that hide or restore their face, effectively helping them save face. The research highlights the unconscious influence of metaphorical thinking on everyday behaviors.
Scientists at Technical University of Munich have successfully created 2D patterns using molecules, which could lead to novel physics and chemistry. The patterns, known as snub square tilings, were produced through self-assembly protocols and feature five-vertex connecting elements less than one nanometer across.
Using surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS), scientists can distinguish between adult stem cells, enabling the use of healthy ones in therapies. This technique holds promise for advancing stem cell and other cell-based therapies to treat diseases like Parkinson's.
A study published in PLOS ONE found that listeners' brain reactions differ depending on the speaker's perceived ability to act upon their words. Researchers used EEG recordings to compare reactions to statements made by influential and non-influential speakers, revealing a significant impact of social status on neural responses.
Researchers used mathematical models and lab-based synthetic biology to predict bacterial investment crashes and boom-bust cycles. The study reveals how the diversity of life is maintained and demonstrates that investment decisions can be precisely defined.
Scientists have successfully created self-integrating nanowires whose position, length and direction can be fully controlled. This breakthrough enables the production of electronic circuits with hundreds of transistors simultaneously, opening doors to various technological applications including LED devices, lasers, and solar cells.
A new mouse model study reveals that interleukin-17 can stabilize atherosclerotic plaques by promoting their stability. This discovery provides crucial information on the role of the immune system in atherosclerosis and may lead to the development of new therapies.
The AGA Research Foundation has awarded a $2.25M grant to support basic research in pancreatic cancer, a devastating disease with over 38,400 deaths expected in the US in 2013. Young researchers will receive $90,000 per year for three years to conduct research related to pancreatic cancer.
Researchers at McMaster University found that video conferencing in job interviews can lead to less likable candidates and lower ratings for interviewers. The study suggests that face-to-face interviews are essential for accurate assessments and positive evaluations.
Dr. Jingwei Xie has been awarded a $293,000 NIH grant to lead a project developing a new biological device that better mimics an uninjured tendon-to-bone attachment, potentially improving healing rates for rotator cuff injuries.
Researchers from Mexico provide a mathematical model that accurately depicts Usain Bolt's record-breaking 100m sprint time, revealing a terminal velocity of 12.2 meters per second and average force of 815.8 newtons. The study highlights the challenges of overcoming air resistance and drag, showcasing Bolt's remarkable power output.
Male guppies develop genital claws to increase sperm transfer during mating, with a study showing clawed males transferred up to three times more sperm than declawed males. This adaptation suggests sexual conflict between the sexes played a role in the diversification of the fish's genitalia.