Articles tagged with Scientific Associations
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
Donna Nelson, a University of Oklahoma professor, has been selected as a 2010 American Chemical Society Fellow for her contributions to the chemical sciences and outstanding service. She is recognized for her research on minorities in academe and functionalizing single-walled carbon nanotubes.
Researchers developed an optical coherence tomography (OCT) system to monitor balloon inflation during angioplasty procedures, enabling precise measurement of balloon diameter and thickness. This technology holds potential for improving the success rate of angioplasty surgeries.
Researchers have developed electrowetting displays that offer high resolution, fast switching speeds, and low power consumption, enabling video content displays and potentially revolutionizing the industry
The American Chemical Society has named 192 distinguished scientists as 2010 ACS Fellows, including professionals from top institutions. The recognition honors their achievements in chemistry and contributions to the scientific community.
A new theoretical model accurately predicts the hydration free energy of a wide variety of organic compounds, enabling accurate prediction of compound movement in complex environments. The model has been developed using computational hydration thermodynamics and chemo-informatic techniques, requiring only 10-20 seconds on a PC.
Recent advances in computing have improved fluid modeling for low Reynolds numbers, but significant challenges remain for high-Reynolds-number flows, crucial in aeronautics and climate modeling.
Researchers suggest quantum entanglement may be occurring in photosynthetic complexes of plants, enhancing light conversion efficiency. A computer simulation reveals long-lived quantum coherence is essential for quantum information storage and manipulation.
Researchers have developed a new method to accurately synchronize clocks by leveraging both GPS and the Internet. This technique uses a common-view disciplined oscillator (CVDO) to set clocks within 10 nanoseconds of a reference clock, providing unparalleled accuracy in complex systems such as computers, telecommunications, and more.
Scientists have observed the first real-time measurements of a rare gas atom and halogen molecule dissociation. The study found that adding vibrational energy to the bromine-stretching vibration led to rapid direct dissociation, while higher excitation resulted in a more complex mechanism.
Researchers developed a noninvasive device that can measure electrical conductivity in geological core samples without destroying them. This technology has the potential to provide valuable information about rock layers and help oil companies understand and evaluate oil and gas reserves.
Researchers at Nanjing University develop a new method to trap a wide spectrum of light, including visible radiation, using a self-similar-structured dielectric waveguide. This breakthrough has potential applications in on-chip spectroscopy, photon processing, and quantum computing.
Scientists have developed a stable, rewritable memory device that exploits liquid crystal properties to store and erase data. The device uses anchoring transition and is bi-stable, retaining its orientation without needing power.
Research in particle diffusion reveals that periodic constrictions slow down drift and diffusion under weak driving forces. In contrast, strong driving forces induce intermittent transitions between compartments, increasing the diffusion coefficient.
Researchers have created a low-cost, human-focused land mine detection system using microwave-based sensors to detect vibrations remotely. The system costs around $10,000, compared to $1 million for laser-based Doppler remote detection systems.
Researchers introduced quantum dots into fully epitaxial nitride laser structures, eliminating the need for hybrid systems. This advancement paves the way to further optimization of lasers and single photon emitters in the visible spectrum region.
University of Utah chemists confirm the coexistence of ice and liquid water after crystallization at very low temperatures. They found that rapid ice crystallization makes it difficult to follow the process, but computer simulations revealed a critical temperature zone that may be important for understanding cloud formations.
The SPALINET lidar network aims to improve aerosol measurement quality in the Iberian Peninsula and Canary Islands. By combining satellite and ground-based data, researchers can better understand aerosol transport and impact on global radiation balance.
Scientists have discovered a more economical way to convert wood and other non-food biomass into ethanol fuel, reducing enzyme costs by up to 90%.
Research reveals commercial cooking as a significant source of air pollutants, including carcinogenic chemicals. The study found that fatty foods cooked with high heat and certain oils increase emissions, highlighting the need for emission control measures.
A study found that household pesticide labels fail to provide clear maximum safe use guidelines, allowing consumers to overuse products like para-dichlorobenzene. This can lead to increased exposure to indoor air pollutants, posing health risks to family members and pets.
Researchers develop a method to determine wine vintages using radioactive carbon dioxide produced by atomic bomb tests. The technique uses accelerator mass spectrometry to analyze the carbon-14 levels in wine alcohol, allowing for reliable detection of vintage authenticity.
A new bio-based intelligent roof coating, developed from waste cooking oil, can automatically switch between reflecting and transmitting solar heat to reduce energy costs. The coating, tested on asphalt shingles, showed significant reductions in roof temperatures and potential savings in energy bills.
Researchers from Uppsala University have found that Moringa seed extracts can effectively remove particulate impurities from water through flocculation. The protein molecules in the seeds bind strongly to surfaces, causing contaminant particles to aggregate and be easily removed.
A team of chemists at the University of New Hampshire has synthesized a stable derivative of nonacene, a compound with promising semiconductor properties. The new molecule is made possible by adding arylthio functional groups, which enhance its stability and solubility.
Robert Street has been recognized by the American Institute of Physics (AIP) with a $10,000 Prize for Industrial Applications of Physics. He developed flat-panel digital X-ray detectors, which have replaced traditional film X-ray machines in many medical applications.
Researchers have developed phototriggerable microcapsules that burst and release chemicals upon light exposure, opening doors for targeted medical treatments and various industrial uses. The innovation uses laser light to convert nanotubes into heat, bursting the nylon capsule and releasing its contents.
Scientists copy natural glue secreted by sandcastle worm to create new medical adhesive for repairing shattered bones. The synthetic glue is based on complex coacervates, ideal but unused method for making injectable adhesives.
A new X-ray imaging technique has revealed unprecedented details of a painting hidden beneath another by famed American illustrator N.C. Wyeth. The confocal X-ray fluorescence microscope method is non-destructive and could reveal hidden images in hundreds of Old Master paintings.
A new study expands the list of hazardous chemicals in smokeless tobacco, revealing a link between snuff consumption and increased risk of oral and pancreatic cancers. The research found that users are exposed to the same amount of carcinogenic compounds as cigarette smokers, challenging the notion that smokeless tobacco is safer.
A new analysis found that cocaine contamination is widespread in US paper money, with 95% of banknotes from Washington, D.C. containing the substance. The study suggests that cocaine abuse may be on the rise in some areas and could help raise public awareness about its use.
Researchers are rediscovering the achievements of Arabic-speaking scientists who made groundbreaking advancements in chemistry during the 8th to 13th centuries. Their work, which was previously overlooked in the Western world, is now being recognized as a major contributor to the emergence of modern science and medicine.
New study reveals the potential of plant essential oils as insecticides, offering a safer and more environmentally friendly option for organic farmers. Researchers have identified several spices, including rosemary, thyme, and clove, that can be used to control agricultural pests.
Chemists participate in a collaborative think project to imagine and propose solutions for sustainable energy sources. The game aims to engage members in discussions and possibly even solutions for pressing global challenges.
Scientists have developed an eco-friendly coating that enables consumers to wipe away oils with plain water, reducing the need for harsh detergents. The coating can be added to window cleaning sprays and used on a range of surfaces, including mirrors, windshields, and concrete floors.
The American Chemical Society will receive a $2 million gift from the Ciba Foundation to support programs assisting economically disadvantaged youth in chemistry. The grant will also establish endowments for travel grants, college scholarships, and attendance at ACS meetings.
Dr. Neal F. Lane, a prominent physicist and former U.S. presidential science advisor, has been awarded the AIP's Karl T. Compton Medal for his outstanding contributions to physics through exceptional statesmanship. He is recognized for his advocacy of public understanding of science and technology, as well as his championship of scient...
Researchers at Chinese Academy of Sciences developed a new type of LED made from inexpensive organic materials, producing twice as much light as normal LEDs. Their tandem structure achieved a CRI rating of nearly 70, promising further reduction in price and expansion into home and office lighting.
James Crivello, a prominent polymer researcher at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, has been awarded the Herman F. Mark Senior Scholar Award by the ACS. His groundbreaking research on novel polymers and innovative applications in energy conservation, coating, and composites has earned him this prestigious recognition.
Scientists have created a new low-calorie, low-sugar vegetable juice by fermenting vegetables with lactic acid-producing bacteria. The process significantly removes sugar while retaining nutritional content, making it suitable for diabetics and pre-diabetic individuals.
Researchers analyzed potential peroxide-based explosives using computer simulations and found that a supposed new, more lethal relative to TATP is unlikely to exist due to instability. They consider previous reports of its creation to be Internet myths with no basis in reality.
Researchers have developed a new type of DNA with 12 chemical letters, enabling highly parallel amplification of DNA and diagnosis of human diseases. This breakthrough may shed light on the origins of life and personalization of medicine for millions of patients with HIV, hepatitis, and other diseases.
The Carnegie Institution has been awarded a $9,400 grant to preserve and enhance access to a collection of historic photographs spanning five decades from 1904 to the 1950s. The collection includes thousands of images important to the history of geophysics, atomic physics, and astronomy.
Pitt researchers have developed a quick and reliable method for detecting mercury in fish and dental samples, utilizing a fluorescent substance that glows bright green when exposed to oxidized mercury. The technique can be used onsite to detect mercury in dental fillings or fish within 30-60 minutes.
A new technology has successfully tested tiny solar cells that can power microscopic machines, detecting chemical leaks and toxins. The organic polymer-based solar cells provide a promising renewable energy source for various applications.
Svilen Bobev, a University of Delaware assistant professor, has been awarded the American Crystallographic Association's Early Career Award for his outstanding achievement in crystallographic research. The award recognizes his potential to make significant contributions to the field.
A new biopesticide has been developed for use on organic crops, offering a natural alternative to synthetic pesticides. The product is safe for humans, animals, and the environment, and will be available this October for conventional growers.
Researchers at Ohio State University have created a catalyst that converts ethanol into hydrogen with a 90% yield, using inexpensive ingredients. The new catalyst is less expensive than others being developed worldwide, making it more practical for widespread use in hydrogen-powered cars.
New research from ACS Nano explores innovative applications of nanotechnology, such as increasing power conversion efficiencies in solar cells and targeting nanoparticles for gene delivery. The journal also discusses rapid toxicity evaluation methods and the use of nanotubes with nanomotors to enhance speed.
A 14-year-old CEO has created a chemistry trading card game called Elementeo that teaches chemical elements and compounds through interactive gameplay. The game's unique mechanics aim to combine fun and learning, with the goal of reducing opponents' electrons to zero.
A recent study found that proteins in alligator blood have potent antimicrobial properties, effective against MRSA and Candida albicans yeast infections. Researchers believe these proteins could be used to develop new treatments for diabetic ulcers, severe burns, and other infections
Researchers have developed solutions to improve bamboo fabrics' durability and hygiene, making them more suitable for consumer products. The new treatments significantly reduce bacterial growth and increase UV protection, opening doors for eco-friendly clothing options.
Scientists report proteins in alligator blood may provide powerful new antibiotics to combat diabetic ulcers, severe burns, and antibiotic-resistant infections. Additionally, experts foresee 10 years of R&D to make solar energy competitive with petroleum.
Harold McGee has been awarded the Grady-Stack Award for Interpreting Chemistry for the Public for his work in explaining complex scientific concepts to a general audience. His writing has appeared in numerous publications and has received several professional honors, including food writer of the year and pioneer in culinology.
Gabor A. Somorjai has been recognized with the 2008 Priestley Medal for his pioneering work in surface science and catalysis, driving significant advancements in materials science and nanoscience. His research has led to thousands of publications over 40 years.
The job situation for 2006 chemistry graduates is 'reasonably good' according to the American Chemical Society. The median salary for full-time, permanent employment for bachelor's graduates remained at $35,000. However, salaries for master's and Ph.D. graduates experienced significant declines.
Steve Sternberg, a medical correspondent for USA Today since 1997, has received the American Heart Association's Howard L. Lewis Achievement Award for his outstanding reporting on heart disease and stroke. He is recognized for his dedication to making a difference through his writing.
Scientists create a functional radio system utilizing a tiny carbon nanotube detector, marking a significant milestone in the evolution of nano-electronics. The device enables wireless transmission of classical music wirelessly from an iPod to a speaker.
A team of researchers has created a method to assemble wire-like structures only a single molecule wide, paving the way for the development of smaller, faster electronic devices. The new template enables the creation of one-dimensional wires with minimal loss of electricity conductivity.
A chemist warns that the skin-care industry is skipping out on science, potentially providing consumers with less effective products. The industry often focuses on replicating existing formulas rather than applying sound science to improve products, according to Stig E. Friberg, Ph.D.
Renowned chemists and inventors to share revolutionary research developments in nanotech, biotech, and beyond. The symposium will focus on commercializing new technologies that promise to improve human health and productivity.