Articles tagged with Scientific Associations
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
Recent research findings highlight the health benefits of traditional Thanksgiving dishes such as cranberries, which can aid recovery from stroke, and may protect brain cells. Antioxidant-rich foods like hot cocoa tops both red wine and tea in cancer-fighting compounds.
The chemical capsaicin in peppers has been found to stimulate circulation, trigger pain relief, and even ease arthritis symptoms. It is also used in repellent sprays, marine coatings, and various drugs.
A prototype system using NIST-patented microheater technology and artificial neural networks can reliably identify trace amounts of toxic gases. The sensors can detect compounds like sulfur-mustard gas and nerve agents at levels below 1 part per million.
Fe-TAML activators, developed at Carnegie Mellon, show promise in removing color and chlorinated byproducts from paper and wood pulp manufacturing using hydrogen peroxide. The process reduces color production by nearly 30% and has the potential to replace chlorine-based bleaching processes.
A new study from UC Davis finds that the debris pile at Ground Zero released toxic metals, acids, and organics for at least six weeks after the 9/11 attacks. The conditions were brutal for those working without respirators.
A New York chemist has made groundbreaking discoveries in synthesizing molecules, including pharmaceuticals, using a novel approach. His research reveals the importance of controlling the 'handedness' of compounds and introduces new reactions using pseudoephedrine.
Dale J. Kempf, Daniel W. Norbeck, and Hing L. Sham receive award for developing Kaletra, the first HIV protease inhibitor approved for use in children as young as six months old.
Chicago chemist Milan Mrksich has won a national award for his research on how cells communicate with the matrix proteins that anchor them to surfaces. His approach involves dissecting the complex system and creating simple mimics of the matrix to study in controlled experiments.
Dr. Rawal has developed a rapid and straightforward reaction that can assemble pieces of complex molecules with high accuracy. This innovation is expected to improve the performance of anticancer drugs like vincristine, which has been used successfully in treating childhood leukemia.
The story of low-tech erasers begins in the 1560s with graphite sticks and evolves into crude pencils. In 1839, Charles Goodyear developed the vulcanization process to cure rubber, increasing strength, stability, and elasticity. This innovation enabled mass production of pencil erasers.
Matson's work on ultra-barrier coatings has the potential to replace glass in electronic displays, enabling flexible and cheaper alternatives for cell phones, TVs, laptops, and digital watches. The American Chemical Society's Industrial Innovation Awards recognize his contributions to commercial success and improved quality of life.
Haugland's work at Molecular Probes led to the creation of over 2,800 products for biomedical research. He holds 60 patents and authored Handbook of Fluorescent Probes and Research Chemicals.
Ouderkirk invented multilayer optical film technology, challenging Brewster's Law and revolutionizing optics. His invention has numerous applications in diverse fields like electronics, automotive, and medical imaging.
Researchers found that association constants, a crucial factor in supramolecular chemistry, are often determined with faulty measures. They developed new equations to calculate Ka when ion-pairing is different and showed that this has significant implications for creating functional materials.
Dr. John Brauman is recognized for his groundbreaking research on ion dynamics in the gas phase, significantly altering our understanding of chemical reactivity. As a renowned chemist, Brauman joins an elite group of recipients who have gone on to win the Nobel Prize.
Rep. Holt, a physicist and advocate for science education, has won a public service award from the American Chemical Society (ACS). He has worked to improve math and science education, increase funding for the Math and Science Partnership Program, and champion increases in the physical sciences budget.
Rep. Biggert, a strong supporter of math and science education, has successfully sponsored legislation to increase funding for K-12 Math and Science Partnership Program. She also works closely with the American Chemical Society to increase funding for the Department of Energy's Office of Science.
The American Chemical Society's editor-in-chief, Jacobs, has won a national award for her efforts to encourage women in chemistry careers. Despite complex issues such as family life and career demands, Jacobs continues to advocate for women in the field through publications and public speaking.
Robeson, a chemical engineer, has developed numerous polymers to solve problems, including an orthopedic splint compound that molds at body temperature and reduces scarring by 95 percent. His work also includes flame-retardant materials for televisions, aircraft interiors, and camera housings.
Rochester chemist Rich Eisenberg has won a national award for his outstanding contributions to the field of inorganic chemistry, including advancements in artificial photosynthesis and flat-panel displays. His work has been recognized for its potential impact on energy production and electronic device technology.
Jacox, a leading expert on free radicals, has been recognized for her contributions to spectroscopy. Her work reveals the importance of free radicals in driving chemical reactions and understanding their role in various molecular processes.
A Texas chemist has won a national award for his work on vitamin B12, a natural product he has worked with for about 30 years. He is now working on recreating the pathway for taxol, an anti-cancer drug derived from yew trees.
Allara and Nuzzo developed a model that allows researchers to study how molecules arrange themselves on surfaces, packing tightly and responding to their environment. This discovery has been used to advance various fields, including the development of artificial hearts, lubricated surfaces, and complex plastics.
Beauchamp's team has developed a method to trap only molecules with certain shapes, allowing for the analysis of specific proteins in complex mixtures. This breakthrough technique enables chemists to detect and analyze unique protein patterns, holding promise for applications such as detecting HIV infection.
The Berkeley chemist has made significant contributions to understanding chemical reactions, including the discovery of the Bergman reaction. His work on intermediates has revealed their key role in chemical processes, with potential applications in fields such as medicine.
Eli Claiborne, a principal consulting research and development scientist, has developed a fully biodegradable vegetable oil called BIOTEMP to reduce environmental harm from transformers. Many US companies now use commercial transformers containing the new fluid, which also has potential for larger applications.
Brauman is being recognized for his groundbreaking research on how molecules react, determining reaction rates and products. He will present an after-dinner talk on the impact of technology on basic science at a banquet on November 9.
Dr. Bowman-James exemplifies and promotes diversity, increasing female representation in the chemistry faculty to over 25%. She is a leader in research and academic leadership, expanding the curriculum and establishing new courses.
Rep. Jerry Lewis has been recognized for his advocacy of science and technology programs at the Department of Defense. His leadership has led to an increase in funding for defense science and technology since becoming chair of the House National Security Appropriations Subcommittee.
The American Chemical Society has awarded US Representative David Price for his efforts to advance science and technology in public policy. He has increased research funding at major agencies, strengthened science education, and promoted environmental protection through legislation.
The award recognizes Laing's successful implementation of diversity strategies, including promoting women to management roles and supporting part-time employees. With nearly 25% of unit managers being women, his work has significantly altered the demographic makeup of Xerox's supplies delivery unit.
George Kauffman, a renowned Fresno chemist, has won the ACS Helen M. Free Award for his outstanding contributions to public outreach in chemistry. With over 1750 scientific papers and 16 books on science for general readers, Kauffman is celebrated for his work in making chemistry accessible to the public.
Researchers have discovered that certain types of naturally occurring carbohydrates in the body may cause rheumatoid arthritis by triggering an immune response and leading to inflammation and joint damage. The study found that glycosaminoglycans, a major component of joint cartilage and skin, activate inflammatory cells in the joints.
Joullie's groundbreaking work with didemnins, compounds isolated from marine animals showing anticancer properties, has made significant contributions to understanding their structures and enhancing their activity against tumors. Her innovative approach and problem-solving skills have been recognized with the Arthur C. Cope Scholar Award.
A Wayne State and Virginia chemist has won a national award for his work on developing anti-parasitic compounds by mimicking the structure of sugar molecules. Researchers have learned that these molecules serve as 'ID tags' on cell surfaces, which can be used to identify target tissues and prevent infections.
Grubbs's specialty is designing catalysts that can selectively target specific parts of molecules, critical for making pharmaceuticals. The award recognizes his work on improving the precision and control of these catalysts.
Ford researchers Ellen C. Lee and Deborah F. Mielewski discover a new process to evenly distribute silicate clay particles in plastic matrices, resulting in improved strength, lightness, and design flexibility.
Geraldine Richmond, a renowned Oregon chemist and educator, has been recognized for her efforts to foster diversity in the chemical workplace. She founded the Committee on the Advancement of Women in Chemistry (COACh) to support women chemists and promote gender equality.
A. Troy Pauli, a Wyoming chemist, has developed an automated flocculation titrimeter (AFT) that analyzes the stability and performance of asphalts made with mixtures of heavy oils and petroleum residues. The device helps maximize the recovery of distillate oil by measuring the amount of "coke" formed during the breakdown process.
Kodali and Nivens have developed a series of commercial lubricants, Agri-Pure 500, made from modified vegetable oils that overcome gelation and degradation issues. The oils can be used in environmentally sensitive areas and as base oils for hydraulic fluid and crankcase oil.
Researchers have successfully attached a water-soluble group to an 80-atom fullerene, creating a buckeyball with biological functionality. The aim is to get these molecules into the bloodstream for potential drug delivery. This innovation marks a first step in developing drugs and expands MRI reagents and nanotube applications.
Bipin V. Vora has developed more efficient ways to make chemicals from petroleum, reducing environmental harm. His work on linear alkylbenzenes has improved the manufacture of environmentally-friendly detergents, making them safer for water and wildlife.
Bard has made significant contributions to the field of chemistry, including work on scanning electrochemistry microscopy and its applications in studying chemical reactions and biological functions. He is also a dedicated teacher and mentor, having mentored over 200 graduate students and thousands of undergraduate chemistry students.
Chicago chemist James P. Shoffner has been honored with the American Chemical Society's Award for Encouraging Disadvantaged Students into Careers in the Chemical Sciences. Through initiatives like Project SEED, he provides opportunities for young students from inner cities to gain laboratory experience and connect with role models.
Richard Sachleben, a Massachusetts chemist, has been named a congressional fellow by the American Chemical Society. He will work on energy technology and infrastructure safety issues for the Energy Subcommittee of the U.S. House of Representatives Committee on Science.
The American Chemical Society recognizes Charles Martin Hall's groundbreaking work on producing aluminum metal from ore, revolutionizing modern life. The ceremony commemorates the commercialization of aluminum in North America, marking a significant milestone in the history of chemistry.
Pat Roberts recognized for strengthening K-12 science education, promoting increased civilian and defense research funding. He established advisory committees and introduced bills improving math and science teaching quality.
The American Chemical Society has awarded U.S. Sen. Jeff Bingaman for his dedication to advancing science, particularly in the areas of energy and education. He has championed double-digit funding increases for key scientific agencies, ensuring a reliable and environmentally responsible energy supply.
Researchers discovered MTBE in over 70% of gasoline samples across Indiana, Illinois, and Michigan, raising concerns about its impact on drinking water. The widespread presence of the chemical, used as an oxygenate to reduce emissions, is attributed to tankers, storage tanks, and pipelines that carried reformulated gasoline.
Researchers at Cornell University have created hybrid materials that mimic and improve on the properties of natural silkworm silk. The new materials, which include extreme flexibility, considerable tensile strength, and water solubility, are poised to be used in a variety of applications including textiles and biomedical fields.
Researchers have discovered colchicine, a toxic substance, in the blood of human placentas, raising concerns about its potential impact on pregnancy. Expectant mothers should avoid taking Gingko biloba supplements due to the risk of complications.
University of North Carolina chemist Michael T. Crimmins wins national award for developing laboratory methods to create compounds with anti-tumor activity and potential health benefits. His team successfully synthesized a chemical from the gingko tree called gingkolide B, which may also delay Alzheimer's disease onset.
Richard R. Schrock has developed catalysts that make molecules efficiently, leading to discoveries of potential antibiotics and anticancer compounds. His work significantly influences the field of organic chemistry.
A chemist at Ohio State University has won a national award for his work on studying reactive intermediates in chemical reactions. He is using high-tech techniques to 'freeze-frame' these ephemeral species, which are crucial in determining the success or failure of reactions.
Scientists have created a synthetic antifreeze protein that mimics the natural defense mechanism of Arctic and Antarctic fish, which can prevent ice growth in living organisms. The new compound has potential applications in frost protection for crops, preservation of human organs, and elimination of freezer burn.
Frank Shu, a renowned expert in theoretical astrophysics and star formation, received the Dannie Heinemann Prize for his groundbreaking research on various topics including spiral structure, stellar dynamics, and planetary rings. The award recognizes his significant contributions to the field of astrophysics.
Hall's innovations improved EPDM's stability and allowed its use as a dispersant in motor oil, protecting engines from combustion by-products. He developed a method for producing low-molecular-weight EPDM, enhancing the oil's performance.
The American Chemical Society recognizes Wallace H. Carothers' groundbreaking research in the chemistry of giant molecules, which led to the development of nylon and neoprene. Carothers' work established modern polymer science, paving the way for today's plastics, synthetic fibers, and rubber industries.
The American Chemical Society is co-sponsoring a briefing on math and science teaching, focusing on improving K-12 education in the US. The briefing will discuss the recent report 'Before It's Too Late' and the National Commission on Mathematics and Science Teaching for the 21st Century's progress.
The median annual salary for chemists increased by 3% to $70,000, with industry paying the most. However, women chemists earn significantly lower salaries and have limited job opportunities.