Researchers used gene chips to analyze patterns of gene expression in mice and found a 94% accuracy rate in distinguishing sepsis from non-infectious inflammation. The technology could lead to a rapid bedside blood test that speeds diagnosis and treatment, especially in intensive care units.
Parke Wilde's analysis reveals that checkoff programs, such as 'Got Milk?' and 'Pork. The other white meat?', promote calorie-heavy foods like bacon cheeseburgers and barbecue pork ribs, which contradict the Dietary Guidelines' emphasis on whole grains, fruits, vegetables, and low-fat dairy products.
Researchers discovered that the chemical language of nerve cells is determined by electrical activity in the developing nervous system. This finding suggests modifying nerve activity could be a treatment for various brain disorders.
Yehoshua Perl's research aims to track down errant or misplaced medical terms in government agencies, hospitals, and academic institutions. His team develops techniques to identify and correct errors, ensuring consistent and accurate communication of clinical information.
A study at the University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center found that combining cromolyn with chemotherapy reduced pancreatic tumor growth by 85% compared to control animals. The combination also increased the effectiveness of standard chemotherapy.
Researchers at Harvard School of Public Health found an association between higher vitamin D levels and a lower risk of developing multiple sclerosis. The study suggests that increasing vitamin D levels may prevent many cases of MS, with benefits potentially extending to preventing osteoporosis.
A team of University of Iowa researchers has made significant progress in understanding how the deadly Francisella tularensis bacterium evades the human immune system. The study found that the bacteria can inhibit the ability of white blood cells called neutrophils to kill it, allowing it to replicate and cause harm.
A new study found that short-term cognitive training can offset the expected decline in older adults' thinking skills, with benefits persisting for up to five years. The study showed improved performance in everyday tasks such as meal preparation and managing finances.
A $1.7 billion North American study aims to answer whether reopening narrowed kidney arteries benefits patients. Researchers will compare medical management with medicines coupled with stents, stainless steel scaffolds inserted into blood vessels.
University of Florida researchers validate the use of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) to study ancient migrations and population sizes. By analyzing correlations between mtDNA diversity and protein variation, they demonstrate that mtDNA remains a useful tool for understanding population dynamics.
Researchers found that individuals with a preference for immediate rewards had more active ventral striatum regions, which may indicate risk for addictions and gambling problems. The study suggests that understanding individual differences in ventral striatal sensitivity could aid efforts to treat impulsive behavior.
A study found that viewing prior mammograms alongside current mammograms significantly improves radiologist performance and reduces unnecessary recalls. The use of prior mammograms recorded on film in comparison with digital mammograms poses a challenge, but limiting their availability may balance medical benefits with effort.
Researchers found that breast cancer stem cells are relatively resistant to radiotherapy and can even increase in number after multiple treatments. In contrast, statin use is associated with a decreased risk of advanced prostate cancer, according to a large prospective study.
The University of Colorado has licensed its influenza chip technology to Quidel Corp for use in diagnostic tests. This collaboration enables the development of faster flu strain detection, critical for tracking emerging strains and combating epidemics.
A study found that kidney transplantation increases the risk of certain cancers, including nonmelanoma skin cancer and Kaposi sarcoma. The overall incidence of cancer was 3.27 times higher after transplantation compared to before or during dialysis.
A recent study conducted by scientists from the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory found an innovative DNA test to catalog airborne microbes. The research revealed a diverse bacterial population in Texas cities, which could aid in bioterrorism surveillance and climate change tracking.
A plant evolutionary biologist is conducting genetic studies on red rice to understand molecular differences with cultivated rice, which could lead to eradication of the weed. Researchers are testing hypotheses that red rice may have originated from feral or hybridized wild species, and will use this knowledge to develop control methods.
A cost-utility analysis found that long-course palliative radiotherapy improved survival and quality of life in late-stage non-small-cell lung cancer patients. The study showed a $5,326 difference in lifetime societal costs between the two treatment regimens.
Recent studies have made significant advancements in understanding HIV, bacterial quorum sensing, and cancer treatment. Researchers have discovered innovative strategies to combat HIV resistance and develop novel genetic circuits for industrial applications.
A rare species of batfish has emerged as a potential savior for coral reefs, consuming large amounts of seaweed that were choking the reef. By removing a cage, scientists observed the batfish cleaning up most of the weed in just five days and completely clearing it in eight weeks.
The study found that naked carp respond to increased lake salinity by taking a 'metabolic holiday', drastically reducing oxygen consumption and kidney function. They also adjust their feeding behavior and store more fat, but if the lake continues to dehydrate, these benefits may change to pathology.
Researchers at Mayo Clinic isolated nanoparticles from human kidney stones in cell cultures, identifying proteins, RNA, and DNA linked to nanoparticles. The findings suggest that nanoparticles may play a role in the development of kidney stones.
A CCFA survey reveals that 65% of ulcerative colitis patients are less than fully compliant with first-line therapies, resulting in a significant impact on their quality of life. The most common reasons for non-compliance were dosing frequency, number of pills, and medication inconvenience.
A Saint Louis University study found no link between cash settlements for work-related back injuries and future impairment. Disability ratings didn't strongly correlate with day-to-day function levels, raising questions about the validity and fairness of current disability determination programs.
Scientists analyzed data from a devastating 2006 Java earthquake that triggered a tsunami, leading to the development of an early warning system for earthquakes. Researchers also studied tectonic processes causing subsidence in Louisiana, while investigating ways to monitor volcanic explosivity through ground deformation near vents.
The latest Powertrain System Analysis Toolkit (PSAT V6.1) includes new features and improvements, enabling designers to quickly examine various powertrain configurations and understand their impacts on performance and fuel economy. More than 300 researchers worldwide use PSAT, which has been recognized as an R&D 100 award winner.
The National Fish and Wildlife Foundation granted $378,780 to WHSRN for shorebird conservation programs. The program will focus on strengthening partnerships, protecting habitats, and applying tools for habitat conservation. WHSRN aims to conserve four high-concern shorebird species and their habitats across the Americas.
A randomized controlled trial found that cognitive training improved cognitive function in well-functioning older adults, with benefits lasting up to 5 years. However, the impact on daily functioning was limited, with only the reasoning group showing significant improvements.
Researchers highlight the challenges of promoting physical activity in a sedentary society, citing political and systemic barriers. The authors emphasize the need for a public health infrastructure to support physical activity promotion, given its substantial protection against obesity and chronic disease.
Recent studies have investigated the cost-effectiveness of drug-eluting stents compared to bare-metal stents. Two articles found that drug-eluting stents were used more frequently in private hospitals, but studies' quality and funding sources influenced their conclusions. The clinical indications for PCI have also been questioned due t...
A study by Matthias Doepke and Martin Schneider found that even mild inflation can lead to substantial redistribution of nominal assets, with younger, middle-class households benefiting the most. Rich retirees are expected to lose nearly 60% of their household-sector losses due to inflation.
A new study suggests that blood transfusions during heart bypass surgery may be linked to a higher risk of developing potentially dangerous infections and dying in the first few months after operation. Women are more likely to receive blood transfusions than men, which may explain their increased mortality risk.
Since expanding screening coverage in 1998, the proportion of patients with colon cancer diagnosed at an early stage has increased. The study found that patients diagnosed during periods with universal coverage were significantly more likely to have early-stage illness than those diagnosed in earlier periods.
Researchers suggest that mental training and physical activity can protect against declines in cognition, including memory, language, and abstract reasoning. A recent study involving over 3,000 participants found immediate improvements in memory and sustained benefits after five years.
A new study reveals that grouped skunks do not enter a torpor-like state to conserve energy like solitary individuals do. Instead, they benefit from huddling, which minimizes water loss and allows them to maintain higher body fat reserves.
Researchers found 56% of gene families studied across five species have grown or shrunk, suggesting frequent evolutionary changes. Humans gained 689 genes through gene duplication and lost 86 since diverging from chimps.
Researchers at USC discovered a link between low testosterone and the development of an Alzheimer's-like disease in mice. Testosterone treatment slowed progression of the disease, predicting potential benefits for humans.
A study by Dr. Xuemei Huang found that participants with lower LDL cholesterol had a 3.5-fold higher occurrence of Parkinson's disease compared to those with higher LDL levels. The results suggest a link between low LDL cholesterol and an increased risk of developing the neurodegenerative disorder.
Research suggests a strong association between higher circulating vitamin D levels and reduced risk of multiple sclerosis among white individuals. The study found a significant decrease in MS risk with increasing 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels, especially among those measured before age 20.