Articles tagged with Ethnicity
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
A study by Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health found that nearly 31% of hypertension disparity among African Americans and non-Hispanic whites is attributable to environmental factors. The researchers suggest that social environment plays a greater role in the disparity.
Researcher Patricia Turner finds parallels between Barack Obama's false rumors and those surrounding Snapple in the 1990s. These factors contribute to the spread of unsubstantiated hearsay and popular backlash.
A study finds that White and Black Hispanics in the US are more likely to integrate with non-Hispanic Whites and African Americans, while Mexicans show consistent generational assimilation. This trend suggests a decrease in racial segregation and an increase in integration over time.
A study found that children believe women and people of color have been excluded from the presidency due to discrimination. Many children also attribute this lack to a perceived need for specific attributes, such as intelligence or charisma.
A new analysis found that African Americans and those from low-income communities have poorer survival rates for head and neck cancer, with earlier diagnosis crucial to improving outcomes. The study reveals racial disparities and socio-economic inequities in cancer treatment, highlighting the need for targeted interventions.
A recent study found that African-American blogs provide a unique platform for discussing HIV and AIDS, allowing individuals to express themselves freely and anonymously. The researchers identified three key risk factors for the Black community: ineffective leadership, Black cultural practices, and individual behaviors.
A McGill University study suggests that government intervention in a nation's economy fuels intergroup violence and rebellion, rather than promoting social stability. The research counters the idea that liberalized economies are worse for minority groups, highlighting the role of state control in exacerbating tensions.
A new study found that countries with extensive government control over economies experience higher levels of ethnic conflict and civil wars. Economic policies redistributing income across ethnic groups exacerbate tensions.
A new report shows that racial disparities in cancer incidence are declining in Missouri, with the gap narrowing between African Americans and whites. However, racial disparities in cancer death rates remain higher for African Americans, despite efforts to reduce them.
A study at the University of Leicester investigated methods for improving child and young adult witnesses' evidence, focusing on face recognition. Young adults were found to recognize faces from different ethnicities equally well but struggled to reject unfamiliar faces.
Researchers have identified a new gene variant linked to non-diabetic end-stage renal disease in African Americans, increasing their risk of kidney failure. The MYH9 gene variant is found more frequently among individuals with West African ancestry and may interact with environmental factors to cause the disease.
A study of 20,112 medical graduates found that white students in diverse schools are more likely to feel prepared to care for minority populations. The researchers suggest that fostering positive interaction among different backgrounds is key to deriving diversity benefits.
A new UCLA study found that white students educated in racially diverse environments show greater sensitivity and feel more prepared to meet the healthcare needs of underrepresented minority populations. The research also explores attitudes towards access to healthcare and plans to provide care in underserved areas.
Research by Marlese Durr and Adia Harvey Wingfield reveals that black professionals engage in 'emotional performance' to fulfill white colleagues' expectations, strengthening race/ethnic group solidarity. This emotional labor can lead to feelings of isolation and frustration among African American women.
The US military employs 'Indian Country' metaphors to describe hostile territories in war zones, drawing on a presumed collective memory of past battles. This metaphor reframes Native American histories and struggles in light of contemporary terrorism.
A longitudinal study of 398 children found that attending schools with higher ethnic diversity reduces peer problems and prejudice. Children with an integrationist orientation, balancing their heritage with the host society, show significant improvements in self-esteem and social relationships.
A 10-year study found that middle-aged, white, and middle-class individuals are more likely to engage in sports, while younger people, particularly from lower-income backgrounds, show declining participation rates. Excess weight and socioeconomic factors also influence sporting activity.
Researchers emphasize the need to investigate ethnic differences in breast cancer treatment response due to genetic variations. Studies have shown that certain drugs benefit people from specific ethnic groups more than others.
An IUPUI professor's early career decision to rebury Native American human remains earned him international recognition in world archaeology. Zimmerman's act paved the way for a generation of Native Americans to join the profession without sacrificing their moral beliefs.
A new study explores how immigrant adolescents navigate their ethnic identities during high school. Most choose hyphenated labels and change them over time, highlighting the importance of this period in shaping their identities.
Difficulty sleeping and waking up early are more common in certain ethnic groups during menopause. The study found that Caucasian women were more likely to experience difficulty staying asleep, while Hispanic women were less likely to wake up frequently at night.
Uninsured Black and Hispanic patients are more likely to report experiencing racial bias in healthcare, with language impacting reporting rates. Good communication between doctors and patients protects against perceptions of racial discrimination.
A study analyzing national surveys found racial disparities in colon cancer screening rates, with blacks and Hispanics having lower rates than whites. The findings suggest that culturally targeted interventions and improved access to healthcare may help address these disparities.
A study found Mexican Americans and women are more likely to experience subarachnoid hemorrhage due to differences in tobacco use and hypertension treatment. Researchers identified 107 cases over seven years among 29,907 people in southeast Texas.
A new study from the University of Michigan Stroke Program reveals that women and Mexican-Americans are at a higher risk of suffering a type of stroke related to a ruptured brain aneurysm. Women had a 74% greater chance, while Mexican-Americans had a 67% greater chance, compared to non-Hispanic white men.
A new study found that African Americans with a family history of colorectal cancer are less likely to be screened, contrary to expectations. Regular screening is crucial for early detection and prevention of colorectal cancer, which affects African Americans disproportionately due to their high incidence and mortality rates.
Research at UCLA found that interventions addressing early life experiences, including childhood sexual abuse, can reduce high-risk sex and depressive symptoms among HIV-positive African American and Hispanic men. Social support within the groups played a significant role in these positive changes.
A USC study found that pre-menopausal women with metastatic colorectal cancer lived longer than younger men, while older women had significantly worse overall survival. The study also showed ethnic differences in survival rates, with Hispanics and Asians having better outcomes than Caucasians and African-Americans.
Research findings suggest that high-volume surgeons at high-volume centers have improved in-hospital mortality rates for liver resections. Additionally, hospitals with a high annual volume of IBD patients experience lower mortality rates among hospitalized patients who undergo surgery.
Research finds that most ethnic minority teens avoid ethnically-oriented crowds in high school, despite potential benefits for identity and pride. However, certain factors such as friendship groups, socioeconomic status, and experiences with discrimination can lead to association with these crowds.
A study of 600 teenage girls from diverse backgrounds found that they continue to experience sexism, with 90% reporting sexual harassment. Girls' attitudes towards themselves and society influenced their perceptions of sexism, while learning about feminism and feeling pressure to conform to gender stereotypes also played a role.
A new study by the University of Michigan found no evidence of racial bias in the firing of NBA coaches. The research showed that African-American coaches were fired at the same rate as their white counterparts, and that technical efficiency had no difference between the two groups.
The premier issue of Environmental Justice explores adverse environmental burdens on marginalized populations, legal challenges, and activism. The journal aims to provide a balanced assessment of environmental inequalities locally, nationally, and globally.
A national study of Asian adults found that strong ties to ethnicity can both protect against and worsen the negative effects of racism. For those born in the US, a strong ethnic identity in their 40s can counteract discrimination's impact, while those above 50 may experience increased distress due to stress management.
A new Northwestern University study found people in African American communities on Chicago's South and West Side have a five times higher rate of lower limb amputations than predominantly white suburbs. The high rate is linked to lack of access to primary care, diabetes management programs, and specialty care.
A new study from the American Cancer Society finds racial disparities in smoking cessation treatment, with black and Hispanic smokers less likely to receive advice and aids. The study also reveals that men and those without a usual source of medical care are less likely to be screened for tobacco use and receive advice to quit.
A new study by the American Cancer Society found that female African American patients tend to overestimate their level of cancer screening. The study compared self-reported data with medical records and found significant discrepancies for some procedures, affecting estimates of screening rates.
A recent study by the University of Chicago found that happiness in America increases with age, with older adults reporting higher levels of contentment. The research also discovered that baby boomers are less happy than other generations, while economic fluctuations can impact national happiness levels.
Breast cancer incidence rates in US women over 50 declined sharply in 2002 and 2003, but only among Caucasians. For African Americans, there was virtually no change in invasive breast cancer rates. The study suspects genetic variations in estrogen metabolism may play a role in how women of African ancestry respond to hormonal therapies.
Research suggests that young people who dress according to their own ethnic group are less likely to have subsequent mental health problems than those who don't. Cultural identity expressed through clothing is found to be a healthier option for adolescents in multicultural societies.
Research by Louisiana State University sheds light on positive, long-lasting African American marriages, challenging the 'deficit perspective' that emphasizes problems. The study reveals four key themes: overcoming external challenges, resolving intramarital conflict, and maintaining unity through shared values.
Researchers found that poor neighborhoods with high concentrations of African Americans had significantly more off-premise alcohol outlets and lower prices for 40-ounce bottles of malt liquor. Malt liquor is a concern due to its association with heavy drinking and public safety issues, particularly among inner-city youth.
A study examining suicide rates among ethnic groups in England found that young black men aged 13-24 were at highest risk. The research suggests symptoms commonly associated with suicide vary across ethnic groups, making it harder to predict suicidal behavior.
A study by UCLA researchers found significant disparities in healthcare quality for African Americans, Hispanics, and non-Hispanic whites in California's Medi-Cal program. The study suggests that efforts to improve services for minority populations could lead to better health outcomes and reduced healthcare costs.
Despite having a family history of colon cancer, African Americans are less likely than whites to receive recommended colonoscopy screenings. The study found that only 27.3% of African Americans with a family history underwent the screening within the past five years.
In Kenya, ethnic violence linked to land tenure claims has led to a fierce situation of fire and fighting, particularly in the Rift Valley. The Majimbo ideology, built on regional homogeneity, justifies political supremacy and local land tenure, leading to xenophobic feelings.
A University of Oregon study reveals that Korean adoptees in the US often explore their ethnic identities through either social exposure with peers or cultural heritage. The research found that those who don't explore may assimilate into white culture, while those who do may develop a symbolic attachment to their international heritage.
A University of Maryland study of 1841 hospitals in 13 states found that when whites and minorities are admitted for the same reason, they receive the same quality care. However, the study also identified low-performing hospitals where minority patients face higher risks of mortality and complications.
A genetic marker for obesity has been refined to better understand its role in various human populations. The finding suggests an ancient mutation that first arose in Africa may be a key factor in the development of obesity.
A recent study by University of Missouri researcher Betty Winfield found that 19th century American journalism significantly influenced the nation's early history. By referencing certain people and events, journalists created a collective memory and gave meaning to current events.
Researchers found that college-age students quickly associate Blacks with apes than Whites, even without stated prejudices. This implicit linkage can impact judgments on African American suspects and defendants.
A University of Michigan study found significant achievement gaps within racial and ethnic groups, but also showed that substantial numbers of children catch up to high achievers in their groups over time. The study analyzed reading and math achievement data for a national sample of 8,060 students, revealing patterns of high achievers ...
Researchers at UCSF have developed a new model for estimating breast cancer risk, incorporating breast density and ethnicity, which is well-calibrated and reasonably accurate across risk factor subgroups. The model may one day be used to calculate a woman's risk for breast cancer during mammograms.
A new study from the American Cancer Society reveals that breast cancer death rates among African American women are decreasing in only 11 US states and remain flat or increase in at least half. The disparity is attributed to access issues, regional variations in treatment quality, and limited screening services.
Uninsured and Medicaid-insured US patients are more likely to present with advanced cancer at diagnosis than privately insured patients. The authors found that these disparities affect ethnic minorities and cancers with early detection potential, underscoring the need for adequate healthcare coverage.
A University of Alberta study analyzing over 275,000 individuals found that different factors influence participation in physical activity. Walking was the most common form of exercise, with older adults more likely to participate.
Carlos Castillo Chavez has been honored by the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) for his efforts to help underrepresented students earn doctoral degrees in the sciences. Through his summer research program, he has mentored numerous Hispanic Americans and Native Americans to graduate programs.
A study published in the Journal of Health Care for the Poor and Underserved found that elderly adults are more likely to deny smoking when asked. Researchers used biomarkers like cotinine to validate self-reported nicotine use, revealing a significant discrepancy between true smokers and those who denied it.
A study by Stanford University researchers found that Americans subconsciously associate blacks with apes, leading to a higher likelihood of condoning violence against black criminal suspects. The research also highlights the historical roots of this association, dating back to scientific racism in the US.
A nationwide survey of children's health shows significant disparities in healthcare for minority kids, including unequal access to medical services, higher rates of asthma, hearing and vision problems, diabetes, and dental care. These disparities may have long-term effects on the health of these populations.