Articles tagged with Infants
A new study by Columbia University researchers found that the infant brain does not control its blood flow in the same way as the adult brain. With increasing age, the immature brain gradually developed its ability to increase local blood flow and generate a large blood-flow response.
Dr. John DeVincenzo's research at Le Bonheur Children's Hospital is advancing our understanding of RSV replication, mutation, and treatment options. His lab has developed new techniques to detect minute sub-populations of viruses and assessed the effectiveness of RNA interference-based antiviral therapies.
A new study found that chemicals secreted by good bacteria can reduce the frequency and severity of necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) in premature infants. The treatment, which uses purified secretions from probiotic bacteria, shows promise as a targeted preventive strategy without the broad effects of steroids.
A new study found that infants born by cesarean delivery and those strictly formula-fed have different gut bacteria than those delivered vaginally and breastfed. The researchers suggest that these early-life influences may impact the development of conditions like asthma, obesity, and type 1 diabetes.
A large cohort study found that women who had small-for-gestational-age (SGA) infants in their first pregnancy have a strongly increased risk of SGA in their second pregnancy. The study analyzed data from the Netherlands Perinatal Registry and found that 23.2% of women with a previous SGA baby went on to have an SGA infant in their sub...
Yale researchers identified social attention deficits in six-month-old infants with autism spectrum disorders, suggesting an early warning sign. The study's findings may pave the way for earlier interventions and treatment strategies.
A new study by Brown University found that Samoan babies experience rapid weight gain in early infancy, which may foreshadow a future trend of obesity in developed nations. The researchers tracked the growth and weight gain of nearly 800 American Samoan babies born between 2001 and 2008.
A new TB vaccine, MVA85A, did not offer extra protection against TB in South African infants who had already received the BCG vaccine. The vaccine induced modest immune responses, but these were insufficient to protect against the disease. Further research is needed to understand why this was the case.
Researchers at Sahlgrenska Academy found that potty training from birth can improve bladder control and reduce the risk of urinary tract infections in Vietnamese babies. This technique involves a special whistling sound to remind the baby when it's time to urinate, allowing for early elimination of diapers.
A study published in Brain and Language found that the anatomy of certain brain areas in infants can predict their language abilities at 1 year old. Infants with greater gray and white matter in the cerebellum and hippocampus showed improved language skills.
Researchers at OHSU Doernbecher Children's Hospital report that low blood flow to the premature brain does not cause irreversible loss of brain cells, but rather disrupts their ability to mature. This discovery opens up new avenues for potential therapies to promote regeneration and repair of the premature brain.
Preterm infants with slower growth have delayed cerebral cortex development, report Canadian researchers in a new study published in Science Translational Medicine. The cerebral cortex is involved in cognitive and motor processes, and the study's findings may lead to new discoveries on optimizing brain development.
Researchers found that choline supplementation during pregnancy and early infancy inhibited the response to repeated sounds, a trait commonly seen in schizophrenia patients. The study suggests choline may be a new approach to schizophrenia prevention.
Women who have undergone tubal ligation are more likely to go without regular Pap tests, increasing their risk of cervical cancer. The study found that women with tubal ligation were less frequent with Pap screenings in all age groups compared to those using other forms of contraception.
A study found that infants with more severe pertussis have higher white blood cell counts and are at higher risk of death. Infants with less severe disease had lower white blood cell counts and were less likely to experience complications.
Research from the University of Missouri found online discussion boards provide safe environments for mothers to anonymously express child-rearing concerns. Common topics include feeding, sleep, development, discipline, and mother-child relationships.
A recent study found that many teenagers who received a complete hepatitis B vaccine series as infants can still contract the virus, especially if they have high-risk mothers or weak immune systems. Researchers suggest that a booster shot at age 15 may be necessary to prevent reinfection.
Researchers found that post-operative intravenous paracetamol reduced cumulative morphine dose by 66% compared to continuous morphine infusion in infants undergoing major surgery. The study suggests that intravenous paracetamol may be an interesting alternative as primary analgesic in neonates and infants.
Researchers found that infant gerbils nursed by females given separate vaccines developed antibodies for both illnesses, demonstrating the potential purpose of allosuckling. The study provides a framework for further studying allosuckling in the wild using traceable antibodies.
A recent study by the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill found that mothers who were obese and had fussy babies spent more time watching TV with their infants. This finding highlights the growing concern of obesity and inactivity among US children, and suggests a potential solution for mothers to combat these effects
Autism Speaks funds 14 new research projects, including technology-based initiatives, environmental epidemiology studies, and basic clinical research to better understand autism causes, prevention, treatment, and cure. These grants aim to enhance early screening, diagnosis, and access to interventions.
A new study by University of Colorado researchers found significant differences in eligibility criteria for Part C early intervention services among US states. The study highlights the need for more uniform criteria to ensure that all eligible children receive necessary services.
A new study from Temple University psychology professor Marsha Weinraub found that most babies sleep through the night, waking up only about once per week, by six months. The research revealed two groups: sleepers and transitional sleepers, with 66% of babies not waking at all and a majority being boys.
A study published in Cerebral Cortex found that brain changes associated with common gene variants linked to disorders like Alzheimer's disease and schizophrenia can be seen in newborns. These findings suggest that prenatal brain development may play a significant role in shaping psychiatric risk later in life.
Researchers discovered that babies differentiate between native and foreign languages just hours after birth, indicating they absorb language while still in the womb. The study shows fetuses learn prenatally about specific speech sounds of a mother's language.
A study published in Archives of General Psychiatry suggests that economic conditions during infancy may contribute to behavioral problems in adolescence. The research found a strong correlation between unemployment rates during infancy and increased odds of substance use, delinquent behaviors, and other issues.
A follow-up study by the National Institutes of Health found that very preterm infants who received higher oxygen levels continued to show cognitive and motor development benefits as toddlers. Continuous positive airway pressure therapy was also found to be an effective alternative to traditional respiratory therapy, without difference...
Children with better language skills as toddlers tend to express less anger in preschool. They use strategies like seeking support and distracting themselves to manage frustration. This study found that developing language skills predicts later anger regulation.
A randomized controlled trial found that iron supplements reduced behavioral problems like ADHD in low birth weight infants by 9.8 percentage points compared to those without supplementation. The study concluded that early iron supplementation has long-term health benefits for marginally low birth weight infants.
A new study published in Biological Psychiatry found that oxytocin administration to fathers increased their parental engagement, with parallel effects observed in their infants. Oxytocin levels were also found to increase in both parents and children, leading to improved social behavior and bonding.
A recent in vitro study discovered that formulas are toxic to cells due to free fatty acids, while breast milk protects against cell death. The researchers found that digestion of formula leads to cellular death in under 5 minutes, whereas breast milk does not.
Researchers at the University of Iowa documented infants' ability to create knowledge by looking at their surroundings, starting nearly from birth. Infants need to dwell on objects to learn about them, and a mathematical model validates this importance.
Researchers found that iron-deficient diets impaired piglets' ability to learn and remember in spatial navigation tasks. The study used a T-maze test, which showed that pigs with severely deficient iron levels struggled to adapt to changing rules.
A new study found that the tetanus-diphtheria-acellular pertussis (Tdap) vaccine is safe for seniors, with minor injection site reactions being the most common adverse event. The study's findings support the recommendation that older adults receive the vaccine to protect themselves and others from pertussis.
A study identified a single gene, ABCA3, associated with significant cases of respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) in full-term babies. The researchers found that mutations in this gene account for about 10% of RDS cases and can be treated with neonatal intensive care.
A recent study published in Autism Research found that six-month-old infants at risk for autism spectrum disorder produce cries with higher and more variable fundamental frequency than low-risk infants. The study suggests the potential of cry acoustics as an early screening method for autism.
Infants exhibit remarkable rapid growth in new skills every day, with research showing that early abilities can predict later developments. For example, studies found that processing speed in infancy significantly predicted working memory and shifting ability at age 11, while memory in infancy predicted shifting ability.
Researchers found that severe disease risk is mainly age-related, not due to lack of immunity. Vaccinating families or vaccinating pregnant women can extend protection to infants, reducing RSV infection. The study highlights the potential for alternative strategies to traditional baby vaccines.
A new pneumococcal vaccine has been shown to prevent 93% of cases of invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) in healthy infants who received at least one dose. The vaccine's effectiveness against IPD was confirmed by the Finnish Invasive Pneumococcal Disease Vaccine Trial, which tracked over 46,000 children under 19 months.
A new Northwestern University study reveals that introducing a novel word for an impending event enhances infants' tendency to imitate unconventional behavior. Infants as young as 14 months old coordinate their insights about human behavior and language to discover which actions are worth imitating.
The OU research team is combining robotics, machine learning, and brain imaging to assist infants with cerebral palsy in mastering crawling behavior. The project aims to develop new robot platforms that can enhance infant mobility and delay cognitive development delays.
Developed at Nationwide Children's Hospital, the Small Baby Guidelines have shown significant improvement in the lives of extremely premature infants. By standardizing care and ensuring every baby receives the same treatment, survival rates have increased and hospital stays have decreased.
A study found two distinct patterns of language, social and motor development in children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD). By the third birthday, the level of impairment between early- and late-emerging ASD symptom groups is comparable. Early signs of delay were not easily detected using existing clinical tests.
A new study suggests that high-glitz child pageants are more about satisfying parents than the children's needs. Participation can lead to harm in children's health and self-esteem due to pressure for physical perfection and objectification. The author warns of 'princess by proxy' distortion where parents prioritize their own achieveme...
A new HIV test developed at Northwestern University is being tested in Mozambique to deliver a diagnosis in under an hour. The test has a 95% accuracy rate and could significantly improve the rates of infected infants being diagnosed and treated, potentially saving thousands of lives.
Lifting age restrictions on rotavirus vaccination in low- and middle-income countries could prevent up to 203,000 rotavirus deaths while potentially causing 547 intussusception deaths. The World Health Organization supports removing age restrictions where benefits outweigh risks.
Research by Dr. Joel Ray found that infants are 28 times more likely to die if both they and their mother are admitted to ICUs around delivery time. Maternal death rate is 330 times higher in co-ICU situations compared to non-co-ICU scenarios. Researchers attribute increased mortality risk to diseases of the placenta.
A free iPhone app helps parents with infant and toddler sleep issues, but its limitations highlight the need for greater accessibility to health information. The most common questions asked pertain to sleep problems and night wakings, often submitted in evening and overnight hours.
New research suggests that in vitro fertilization (IVF) is associated with a higher risk of birth defects, including those of the eye, heart, reproductive organs, and urinary systems. The study found that IVF infants were 1.25 times more likely to experience birth defects compared to naturally conceived infants.
A new study found that newborn rats' whisker twitches are linked to bursts of brain activity, suggesting a crucial role in developing sensorimotor systems. The discovery sheds light on the importance of involuntary movements during sleep in infant brain development.
A study by the University of Iowa found that infants who form a secure relationship with either parent during the first two years of life are less likely to experience emotional and behavioral problems later on. The researchers discovered that being attached to one parent is just as beneficial as being close to mom, and that this bond ...
A randomized controlled trial of 377 premature infants found no significant differences in clinical outcomes between fresh and standard red blood cell transfusions. The study suggests that prolonged RBC storage may not have as great an impact on neonatal illness and death as previously thought.
Researchers found that baboon females with 'nice' personalities formed strong social bonds, which led to better health and reproductive outcomes. In contrast, those with 'aloof' or 'loner' traits had weaker social connections and lower fitness levels.
University of Miami researchers identified a link between early non-verbal communication skills and the risk of developing autism. The study found that babies as young as eight months old who showed lower levels of referential communication were more likely to exhibit severe autism symptoms by age three.
Bilingual infants demonstrated an ability to discriminate between two unfamiliar languages using visual cues, suggesting that early exposure to multiple languages improves perceptual sensitivity. Skilled deaf readers showed enhanced perceptual span in reading, contrary to previous hypotheses that suggested this might hinder reading abi...
A study found that infants with regulatory problems and/or maternal psychiatric issues may develop unexplained physical symptoms like headaches and fatigue in later childhood. Mothers with depression or anxiety during their infant's first year were 7 times more likely to have children with FSS at age 5-7.
Researchers found that urban infants had lower rates of human rhinovirus and respiratory syncytial virus infections than suburban infants. Adenovirus infections were more common in urban babies, suggesting a potential link to altered lung development or airway function.
Researchers found that premature infants who received Kangaroo Mother Care had better brain functioning in adolescence, comparable to those born at term. The technique, which provides skin-to-skin contact with the parent's chest, promotes immediate and future brain development.
A team of astronomers has spotted a potentially most distant galaxy ever detected, which existed 500 million years after the Big Bang. The discovery opens up a window into the deepest, remotest epochs of cosmic history, providing insights into the universe's earliest objects and the Dark Ages.
Researchers found that heavy pacifier use in young children is linked to poor emotional maturity and lower perspective-taking scores. The study suggests that girls may be less affected due to societal expectations of emotional sophistication. Parents are advised to limit pacifier use to promote healthy emotional development.