Articles tagged with Infants
A new study published in Pediatrics found that Enfamil Human Milk Fortifier Acidified Liquid promotes significantly higher weight, length, and head circumference growth in preterm infants compared to powdered fortifiers. The ultra-concentrated liquid fortifier is well-tolerated and safe for use in neonatal care settings.
A University of Illinois metabolic engineer has synthesized a key breast milk ingredient, 2-fluoro-lactose (2FL), which could lead to the development of infant formula. This breakthrough allows researchers to study the role of 2FL in infant nutrition and make recommendations for its addition to infant formula.
Research shows that nearly 20% of young children with cancer develop posttraumatic stress disorder, exhibiting symptoms such as flashbacks and anxiety. The study highlights the need for child-friendly treatment procedures and psychological support to prevent prolonged disorders that impair development.
A cluster of five incidents involving toddlers swallowing liquid detergent capsules has prompted a call to action for improved safety warnings and childproof packaging. The incidents resulted in airway blockage, swelling, and ulceration, highlighting the need for urgent action to prevent potential life-threatening injuries.
The University of Leicester has received a unique piece of retinal imaging equipment through charitable donations. The handheld scanner will enable researchers to study nystagmus in infants and young children, improving medical understanding and treatment for this condition.
A research team found that infants' cortisol levels rise after waking up, with shorter pregnancies linked to lower cortisol rises. This new method could lead to diagnosing illnesses in hormone-producing organs and understanding the stress system's development in humans.
Scientists at Duke University Medical Center found that breast milk fosters colonies of microbiotic flora in a newborn's intestinal tract, while infant formulas do not. This unique property of breast milk aids nutrient absorption and immune system development, suggesting potential approaches for developing substitutes.
A study of over 10,000 children found a correlation between early antibiotic exposure and increased body mass percentile in childhood. Children exposed to antibiotics from birth to 5 months old were more likely to be overweight by 38 months of age.
A new study found that infants learn to avoid drop-offs while crawling due to their motor abilities, but this knowledge doesn't transfer to walking. The findings suggest that what infants learn is related to their ability to crawl or walk, not a generalized fear of heights.
A study by Johns Hopkins Medicine warns that declining US infant male circumcision rates could lead to significant healthcare costs. The researchers estimate that each uncircumcised male would incur $313 more in illness-related expenses, totaling $4.4 billion over the next decade.
A new study found that VLBW infants fed more than 75% human milk grew slower than those fed less than 75%. Fortifying human milk with protein and calories can help improve growth rates. The research suggests that a balanced approach is necessary to provide the benefits of human milk without sacrificing growth.
A new study has found that heavy prenatal alcohol exposure leads to growth restrictions that persist through to nine years of age, as well as a delay in weight gain during infancy. The effects were exacerbated by iron deficiency, and children with fetal alcohol syndrome had leaner body composition.
Recent studies from New Zealand's University of Otago challenge the idea that infants as young as six months possess an innate moral compass, instead suggesting their preferences may be driven by interesting events. Researchers found that infants' choices could be explained by simple associations with specific visual stimuli.
Infants born to mothers who received chemotherapy during pregnancy had lower birth weights but no higher risk of birth defects or blood disorders. The study suggests that breast cancer treatment during pregnancy is possible and prioritizing full-term delivery may be crucial for minimizing risks.
Researchers at Mayo Clinic and University of California, San Francisco found that infantile hemangiomas, also known as 'strawberry' birthmarks, grow rapidly in infants between 5.5 and 7.5 weeks old. Early referral to dermatologists for further evaluation is recommended to prevent potential complications.
Research finds that bifidobacteria can process complex glycans linked to proteins in breast milk, providing a new source of energy for at-risk infants. The discovery could lead to the development of probiotics to support premature or malnourished children.
Research led by the University of Sheffield aims to improve treatment for babies lacking cortisol, a critical stress hormone. A new hydrocortisone preparation is being developed specifically for neonates and infants, addressing current challenges in administering medication.
A U-M study reveals that natural killer cells, a crucial part of the immune system, are not fully matured until adulthood. By blocking a specific cell signaling pathway, infants' immune systems can be boosted, potentially reducing their susceptibility to infections.
A study found that 43.5% of websites provided accurate information on infant sleep safety, while 28.4% offered irrelevant information. Healthcare providers are recommended to use trusted websites like HealthFinder and Medline Plus for reliable information.
A study found that 43.5% of websites providing search results for infant sleep safety provided accurate information, while 70% of adults relied on internet health information without verifying its accuracy.
A new study associates excess maternal iodine supplementation with congenital hypothyroidism, a condition that can lead to neurocognitive impairments if left untreated. The research highlights the potential hazard of exceeding the safe upper limit for daily iodine ingestion during pregnancy and breastfeeding.
Researchers used piglets in mazes to study human cognitive development, finding that environmental insults can affect brain structure and function. The piglet model allows for the testing of learning and memory tasks, providing insights into how stressors impact brain development.
A recent study found that premature babies born in high-tech, high-volume hospitals have a higher chance of survival compared to those born in non-specialized facilities. The research, analyzing over 1.3 million births, revealed a 300% improvement in survival rates for preterm infants.
Infants as young as one year old can detect how speech communicates unobservable intentions, according to a study published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. By recognizing patterns in spoken descriptions, infants can acquire knowledge about matters beyond their direct experiences.
A 2010 California whooping cough epidemic highlighted the importance of vaccination for adults, pregnant women, and infant contacts. The disease had the highest incidence in infants under 6 months, with Hispanics being most affected in this age group, while Whites were most affected among children and adolescents.
A study of 192 families found that fathers' involvement in early interactions with their infants is linked to fewer behavioral problems later on. The researchers suggest that interventions aimed at improving parent-child interaction may be beneficial to the child's behavior, and highlight the importance of early parental engagement.
A recent study from the University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston found that delivering a high-birth-weight infant more than doubles a woman's breast cancer risk. The researchers suggest that this increased risk is due to an elevated hormonal environment during pregnancy, which creates a pro-carcinogenic effect.
Two studies found that infants exposed to the H1N1 vaccine in utero did not have a significantly increased risk of major birth defects, preterm birth, or fetal growth restriction. However, adults exposed to the vaccine were at a small increased risk of Guillain-Barre syndrome during the 4-8 weeks after vaccination.
Researchers detected significant differences in brain development in high-risk infants who developed autism starting at age 6 months. White matter tract development was found to be the key difference between those with and without autism.
A new UCLA-led study shows that a two- or three-drug combination given to infants within 48 hours of birth can reduce the risk of mother-to-child HIV transmission by about half compared to AZT alone. The study found that this combination significantly reduced HIV transmission, while also being less toxic to the infants.
Adding nevirapine to the regimen of newborns born to HIV-positive mothers halves their risk of contracting the virus, according to a recent study. The research found that the two-drug combination is effective in preventing mother-to-child HIV transmission and is relatively easy to administer.
Research found that infants consistently choose larger sets over smaller ones when both are above four, but struggle with comparisons involving one large and one small item. The study's findings could lead to improvements in early education programs by understanding how infants develop number representation skills.
Young children are happier when giving treats to others than receiving them, according to a new UBC study. Toddlers under two years old display greater happiness when sharing their own treats with a puppet compared to receiving identical or provided treats.
A study has determined that human herpesvirus-6B (HHV-6B) is linked to mesial temporal lobe epilepsy in infants and children. HHV-6B can cause limbic encephalitis, a condition that frequently progresses to epilepsy.
A new study finds that nearly half of infants who survive GBS meningitis experience developmental delays, with 56% having age-appropriate development and 19% having severe impairment. Long-term follow-up evaluations are crucial to identify subtle developmental delays and address them early.
The American Academy of Neurology has issued an updated guideline outlining the best treatments for infantile spasms. The hormone therapy adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) may be effective for treatment, with low-dose ACTH showing similar effectiveness to high-dose and potentially lower risk of side effects.
Researchers investigated children's performance on a drawing game and found that referencing social groups can lead to poor performance. Additionally, infants help others due to genuine concern for the person in need, not seeking credit. Childhood poverty is linked to elevated stress markers in adolescence.
Infant mortality rates remain high in Appalachia, with white infants facing disproportionately higher deaths compared to non-Appalachian regions. Poverty and limited access to physicians contribute to the deficit, emphasizing the need for improved prenatal care and healthcare policies.
Research indicates that algal DHA supplementation during pregnancy increases DHA blood levels in both mother and newborn, as well as infant birth weight, length, and head circumference. Additionally, studies suggest that DHA deficiency during pregnancy may limit infants' development potential.
New strategies targeting pregnancy, infancy, and toddlers are needed to combat rising childhood obesity rates. A community-wide approach that addresses behavioral and environmental factors is proposed to tackle the epidemic.
A follow-up NIH study confirms that hypothermia treatment increases infant survival, without increasing long-term disability risk. Children who received the cooling technique were more likely to survive to ages 6 and 7 compared to those who received routine care.
Researchers at UCLA have identified the genetic mutation responsible for IMAGe syndrome, a rare disorder that stunts infants' growth. The discovery could lead to new ways of blocking rapid cell division and offers a new tool for diagnosing children with IMAGe syndrome.
Researchers discover mutation on same gene responsible for Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome, a disease characterized by rapid cell division and large size. The finding enables early diagnosis and treatment of IMAGe syndrome, a rare disorder stunting infants' growth.
Researchers at the University of Georgia have developed a new infant formula using hazelnut oil that better mimics the structure of human milk. This design improves the digestion and absorption of essential fatty acids, including DHA and ARA, which are crucial for infant development.
A new study from researchers in the Netherlands found no association between viral infections during infancy and later childhood wheezing symptoms. However, children with reduced neonatal lung function were more prone to experience wheezing during viral infections.
Researchers developed a new 'designer fat' from hazelnut oil that closely mimics the key fatty acids found in human milk. This innovation addresses concerns about digestibility of algae-derived ingredients used in infant formulas.
A new study at Karlstad University in Sweden shows that phthalates from PVC flooring materials are taken up by the bodies of infants, primarily through ingestion with food, breathing, and skin contact. The study's findings highlight the importance of considering non-food sources of exposure to banned chemicals like DEHP and BBzP.
Researchers found that babies seek out situations with just the right amount of surprise or complexity to capture their attention. The findings suggest that babies are active information seekers who can predict what happens next based on previous observations.
A Duke University study found that toddlers from lower socioeconomic backgrounds have higher levels of flame retardant chemicals in their blood, potentially due to hand-to-mouth activity. This highlights the need for better public access to information on household products and potential exposure routes.
A new study found that breast-fed babies have a more diverse bacterial colonization than formula-fed babies, leading to changes in the expression of genes involved in their immune system. The study also showed a link between the expression of genes in the bacteria and genes of the immune system in the baby.
A systems approach to preventing childhood obesity is proposed, beginning in pregnancy and continuing through early life. The strategy combines behavior change interventions with environmental changes to support healthy parents, infants, and toddlers.
Researchers at Kennedy Krieger Institute found that infants with weak head and neck control are more likely to develop language and social developmental delays, suggesting a potential early indicator of autism. The study adds motor skills evaluation to existing screenings, improving early detection of developmental delays.
A new University of Illinois study shows that human milk oligosaccharides produce short-chain fatty acids that feed a beneficial microbial population in the infant gut. The composition of bacteria changes over time, with different HMO components producing distinct patterns of short-chain fatty acids.
Selected acoustic research papers are now available in lay language summaries. The collection explores various topics including microorganism trapping for water purification and the development of speech perception in monolingual and bilingual infants. Researchers also investigate ways to improve orchestra pit acoustics for musicians.
Research at McMaster University found that interactive music classes with parents improve babies' communication skills, such as smiling and waving goodbye. The study also showed that infants' brains respond differently to musical tones in interactive versus passive listening conditions.
Research with twin infants suggests that environmental factors, including maternal diet and interactions, play a significant role in determining testosterone levels. The study found that genetic factors do not significantly contribute to testosterone levels in infancy.
Researchers found that parents with a firm but fair style tend to have children with positive behavior, while those with overly permissive or authoritarian styles are associated with negative behavior. Effective parenting involves providing structure and routines in a loving and clear way.
The hospital will expand its Transition Home Plus Program, training caregivers and reducing emergency room visits and hospital readmissions. The program is expected to save an estimated $3.7 million over three years.
A study of mothers and toddlers found that mothers of overweight children were more than 88% less likely to accurately assess their child's body size. This misperception can lead to inappropriate feeding behaviors, such as encouraging a healthy-weight child to eat more.
A study found that infants colonized by E. coli bacteria early in life have a higher number of memory B cells. Healthy gut bacteria play a crucial role in immune system development and preventing allergies.