Morbidity

Armed conflict and penetrating traumatic brain injury in children in the Gaza Strip

Screening modestly reduces prostate cancer deaths

Both very low and very high heart rates are significantly associated with stroke risk, novel study finds

A new study suggests that both very low and very high resting heart rates are associated with an increased risk of stroke. The research found a U-shaped pattern, with stroke risk lowest at heart rates of 60-69 bpm and highest at below 50 bpm or above 90 bpm.

Treatment of anxiety for adults in primary care settings

The American Medical Association (AMA) has developed guidelines for treating anxiety disorders in adults in primary care settings. Behavioral therapy, including cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), and medication, such as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), are recommended treatments.

New cancer research tool predicts patient survival at single-cell resolution

A new method called scSurvival uses single-cell genetic data to identify which cells inside a tumor are most strongly linked to patient survival. The approach pinpoints harmful and helpful cell populations that can drive disease progression, enabling better understanding of why patients with the same cancer have different outcomes.

Prepregnancy care and counseling

Primary care-based discussions on reproductive goals, immunizations, and risk-reducing interventions optimize pregnancy outcomes. Prepregnancy counseling reduces maternal morbidity and mortality, while also promoting healthy fetal development.

Extending monitoring period for severe pregnancy complications shows more than 40% of cases previously missed

A study extending pregnancy monitoring from conception to 6 weeks postpartum found nearly 10,000 cases of severe maternal complications in Canada each year. This reveals significant cases were previously missed, emphasizing the importance of postpartum care and timely interventions.

Multiple maternal chronic conditions and risk of severe neonatal morbidity and mortality

Researchers found that an increasing number of preexisting maternal chronic conditions increases the risk of severe neonatal morbidity and mortality. Women with multiple chronic conditions may benefit from preconception counseling, earlier identification of complications, and enhanced newborn supports to optimize outcomes.

Targeted regulation of abortion providers laws and pregnancies conceived through fertility treatment

A study found that TRAP laws increase maternal morbidity among fertility care patients, while states without such laws have better health outcomes. The study suggests a significant association between TRAP laws and adverse pregnancy outcomes.

Nirsevimab against hospitalizations and emergency department visits for lower respiratory tract infection in infants

A meta-analysis found nirsevimab to be associated with reduced hospitalizations and emergency department visits for lower respiratory tract infections in young children. This suggests the potential of nirsevimab to decrease respiratory-related morbidity in this population.

Vapes, pouches, heated tobacco, shisha, cigarettes: nicotine in all forms is toxic to the heart and blood vessels

Experts warn that nicotine-containing products, including vapes, heated tobacco, and shisha, cause cardiovascular damage regardless of delivery system. The report highlights a rapid rise in youth addiction fueled by flavours and social media marketing.

1 in 4 children with major traumatic injuries not cared for in pediatric trauma centres

Research shows that 77% of severely injured children are transported or transferred to pediatric trauma centers, highlighting the need for improved access and evidence-based strategies. Variability in access exists across Canadian provinces, with some areas having higher access than others.

Older age, chronic kidney disease and cerebrovascular disease linked with increased risk for paralysis and death after West Nile virus infection

A study published in JAMA Network Open found that older adults with chronic kidney disease or cerebrovascular disease are at double the risk for developing neuroinvasive West Nile virus infection, which can lead to paralysis and death. The study identified several risk factors, including male sex, immune suppressants, and multiple scle...

Cardiovascular events 1 year after RSV infection in adults

A cohort study of adults aged 45 or older with RSV infection found a significant excess risk of cardiovascular events over 1 year, comparable in magnitude to influenza infection. This highlights the importance of RSV as a potential risk factor for cardiovascular morbidity and underscores the need for vaccination to mitigate this burden.

More Americans, especially Black adults, are dying before they can access Medicare benefits

A study by Brown University and Harvard University found that premature deaths are preventing many Americans from accessing Medicare benefits. The trend is particularly true for Black adults, who saw a 38% increase in premature deaths over the decade.

Message from the oldest-living dogs to dogs and men: Gonad function fights frailty

A study by the Gerald P. Murphy Cancer Foundation's Center for Exceptional Longevity Studies found that retaining gonad function can significantly impact frailty mortality risk. Male dogs with shortest testis exposure had high mortality risks, while those with longest gonad exposure showed no consequence of increasing frailty.

Liver transplantation utilizing grafts donated after medical assistance in dying is feasible and has outcomes comparable to standard donation

A new study in the Journal of Hepatology shows liver transplantation from MAiD donors yields similar survival rates as standard donation after circulatory death. This practice can significantly expand the donor pool, leading to more organs available for transplant and potentially saving thousands of lives.

New global burden of disease study: Mortality declines, youth deaths rise, widening health inequities

The latest Global Burden of Disease study reveals declining global mortality rates, but rising youth deaths and widening health inequities. Non-communicable diseases account for nearly two-thirds of total death and disability, with ischemic heart disease, stroke, and diabetes leading the globe.

Type 2 diabetes may accelerate development of multiple chronic diseases, particularly in the early stages, UK Biobank study suggests

A UK Biobank study suggests that people with type 2 diabetes progress to additional chronic conditions at a faster rate than those without the condition. The study found that individuals with T2D experience a 60% higher risk of new disease diagnosis compared to those without T2D.

Rates of alcohol-induced deaths among the general population nearly doubled from 1999 to 2024

Rates of alcohol-induced deaths in the US nearly doubled between 1999 and 2024, reaching a record high in 2021. The largest increase was among females aged 25-34, with mortality rates rising by 255%.

A new network could help predict health problems in your pup

A study of over 26,000 dogs reveals which diseases tend to co-occur and provide insights into canine healthcare. The network analysis suggests new connections between diseases, such as low iron and protein in the urine, and helps guide veterinary practice.

Influenza-associated acute necrotizing encephalopathy in US children

A case series of children with influenza-associated acute necrotizing encephalopathy highlights the condition's severe impact on young, previously healthy children. The study emphasizes the need for prevention, early recognition, intensive treatment, and standardized management protocols to address this critical public health concern.

Respiratory related ER visits decreased 20 percent after coal-processing plant closure

A new study by NYU Langone Health researchers found that the shutdown of a significant fossil fuel pollution source near Pittsburgh, PA resulted in immediate improvements in respiratory health. Respiratory related emergency visits decreased by about 20% within weeks after the plant's closure.

Good prognosis for men with prostate cancer treated according to guidelines

A new study from Uppsala University found that most men with prostate cancer who receive recommended treatment have a good prognosis, with a lower risk of dying from prostate cancer than other causes. The study's findings highlight the importance of assessing a patient's life expectancy in choosing an appropriate treatment strategy.

Eastern equine encephalitis in the US

Eastern equine encephalitis virus (EEEV) is a rare but deadly disease in the US, caused by a mosquito bite. People at risk include those living near swamps or marshes and outdoor workers, such as farmers and campers.

Severe neonatal morbidity and all-cause and cause-specific mortality through infancy and late adolescence

A cohort study suggests severe neonatal morbidity is a significant risk factor for childhood mortality, highlighting the importance of preventing and identifying early signs of severe conditions. Efforts to reduce mortality through infancy and late adolescence may benefit from targeted prevention strategies.

Severe maternal morbidity by race and ethnicity and birth mode

A cross-sectional study found elevated rates of severe maternal morbidity among marginalized racial and ethnic groups with planned cesarean births. The study emphasizes the need for interventions to improve quality of care and promote equity for this population.

Post-intensive care syndrome linked to long-term deficits

A new study finds that Post-Intensive Care Syndrome (PICS) can lead to long-term deficits in cognitive function and ability to perform daily activities. The study identified key risk factors, including older age, frailty, and worse baseline cognition.

UTA takes lead with mobile lab to address rural health care crisis

The University of Texas at Arlington has launched a new Mobile Simulation Lab to tackle workforce and training challenges in rural areas. The lab, equipped with advanced patient manikins and simulation bays, will provide specialized training for local healthcare providers to expand their expertise.

UH Harrington Heart & Vascular Institute at UH Portage Medical Center study shows improved patient cardiovascular outcomes

The UH Portage Medical Center's heart lab and prevention programs have shown a significant reduction in ischemic heart disease mortality, especially among older adults. The study found declines of 36% in the 65-74 age group and 28% in those over 85.

Continued medication important for heart failure patients

A new study from Karolinska Institutet found that patients with heart failure who stop taking medications like RASi, ARNi, or MRA have a higher risk of heart-related death or hospitalization. Despite improved symptoms and pump function, continued medication is crucial to prevent complications.

Closely monitoring blood pressure of post-partum mothers can sharply reduce emergency hospital visits

A Rutgers Health study found that closely monitoring blood pressure of post-partum mothers can lead to a 68% decrease in emergency department visits. The study also showed an improvement in blood pressures throughout the six weeks postpartum and trends towards decreasing hospital readmissions for hypertension.

Vehicular emissions cause 342 premature deaths each year in greater Boston

Emissions from SUVs and light-duty trucks cause 90% of nitrogen dioxide-related deaths, with suburban driving linked to greatest health damages. The study's findings inform geographically targeted transportation policies and climate action plans for Boston and cities nationwide.

Viking skulls reveal severe morbidity

A study of Viking skulls using CT scans reveals a range of diseases including sinus and ear infections, osteoarthritis, and dental diseases. The results provide greater understanding of the health and wellbeing of the Viking population.

One of the largest studies on preterm birth finds a maternal biomarker test significantly reduces neonatal morbidities and improves neonatal outcomes

A large study on preterm birth found that a maternal biomarker test can reduce neonatal morbidities by 20% and NICU admissions by 20%. The test identified high-risk pregnant individuals, who received targeted treatment and showed significant improvements in neonatal outcomes.

Severe maternal morbidity associated with chronic hypertension, preeclampsia, and gestational hypertension

A study found that pregnant patients with chronic hypertension and gestational hypertension are at a higher risk of severe maternal morbidity compared to those with normal blood pressure. The researchers suggest preventing preeclampsia in these patients may reduce this risk, making them comparable to normotensive patients.

Baseline fasting glucose level, age, sex, and BMI and the development of diabetes in US adults

A retrospective cohort study of 44,000 individuals found associations between baseline fasting glucose levels, age, sex, and body mass index with the development of diabetes. The study highlights individual variation in diabetes risk according to commonly measured clinical variables, suggesting potential for targeted interventions.

Effect of pediatric obesity treatment on long-term health

A recent study found that effective pediatric obesity treatment is associated with lower incidences of mortality in young adulthood. The treatment was also linked to reduced long-term morbidity, such as type 2 diabetes, dyslipidemia, and hypertension.

Sharp drop in mortality after 41 weeks of pregnancy

A Swedish study found a significant decrease in infant mortality and morbidity among babies born after 41 weeks of gestation. The study showed a 47% reduction in stillbirths or infant deaths within four weeks, with researchers attributing the improvement to routine induction practices.

Early cancer screening could save Canadian healthcare system nearly half a billion dollars over patients’ lifetime

Early detection of breast cancer can lead to less intensive treatments, saving the Canadian healthcare system $459.6M over women's lifetimes and 3,499 breast cancer deaths. Screening mammograms and diagnostics costs are easily offset by earlier stage treatment.

Severe maternal morbidity among pregnant people with opioid use disorder enrolled in Medicaid

A recent study found that pregnant individuals with opioid use disorder enrolled in Medicaid are at a disproportionately high risk of severe maternal morbidity. Targeted interventions, such as early Medicaid enrollment and coverage continuity, may be necessary to reduce adverse outcomes in this group.

Women who suffer pregnancy complications have fewer children

A new study published in JAMA found that women who experience severe maternal morbidity during their first pregnancy are less likely to have more children. The research, which studied over a million women in Sweden, revealed that such events can have a lasting impact on fertility.

Association of severe maternal morbidity with subsequent birth

Women who experience severe maternal morbidity in their first birth are less likely to have a subsequent birth. Enhancing antenatal care and reproductive counseling are crucial for women with this history.

Troubling spike in severe pregnancy-related complications for all ages in Illinois

A new study from Northwestern Medicine reveals a significant increase in severe maternal morbidity and birth complications in Illinois between 2016 and 2023. The findings highlight the impact of chronic health conditions such as obesity, hypertension, and mental health disorders on pregnancy outcomes.

Is therapeutic hypothermia an effective treatment for hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy, a type of neurological dysfunction in newborns?

New research highlights additional therapies being tested for hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) in newborns, including agents blocking glutamate receptor activation and antioxidant drugs. While therapeutic hypothermia is effective in high-income countries, its efficacy is uncertain in low- and middle-income nations.

Frequent emergency care during pregnancy could signal greater risk for severe maternal morbidity

A new study found that pregnant people in Massachusetts who made multiple unscheduled hospital visits during pregnancy were more likely to experience severe maternal morbidity. The study revealed that nearly half of these patients visited multiple hospitals, leading to inconsistent treatment and poor maternal outcomes.

Hospital strain during the COVID-19 pandemic and outcomes in older racial and ethnic minority adults

A cross-sectional study found that as hospital COVID-19 burdens increased, older racial and ethnic minority adults were more likely to die or experience major morbidity. The adverse outcomes were greater in magnitude among minority populations compared to white individuals.

Historical redlining, contemporary gentrification, and severe maternal morbidity in California

A cross-sectional study in California finds that legacies of redlining contribute to increased severe maternal morbidity, highlighting the need for place-based interventions. The study suggests that addressing structural drivers of adverse pregnancy outcomes and racial inequities is crucial.

Algorithm helps doctors identify more aggressive types of basal cell carcinoma

A new clinical algorithm developed at the University of Gothenburg can accurately identify highly aggressive forms of basal cell carcinoma. The algorithm uses a combination of clinical and dermoscopic images to distinguish between low-risk and high-risk tumors, allowing for more effective treatment and better patient outcomes.

Teens benefit from a new primary care virtual driving assessment model

A new virtual driving assessment model integrated into primary care has shown promising results, with 77% of teens agreeing to recommend it to friends and wanting to retake the test. The assessment provides personalized feedback to identify risks and areas for improvement, addressing a leading cause of adolescent morbidity and mortality.

Gestational carriers face higher health risks during pregnancy compared to IVF and natural conceptions, new study shows

A new study has found that gestational carriers experience a severe maternal morbidity rate of 7.1%, significantly higher than unassisted conceptions (2.4%) and IVF conceptions (4.6%). Gestational carriers are also at risk for postpartum haemorrhages and hypertensive disorders, which can be serious complications during pregnancy.

Passive heat exposure increases stress on the heart, posing risk to adults with history of CAD

A laboratory study found that passive heat exposure stresses the heart, increasing myocardial blood flow in all participants, regardless of age or health status. Adults with a history of CAD are at particular risk and may benefit from minimizing cardiac strain during extreme heat by staying cool.

Severe pediatric neurological manifestations with SARS-CoV-2 or MIS-C hospitalization and new morbidity

Children and adolescents with acute SARS-CoV-2 or MIS-C and severe neurological manifestations are at high risk for long-term impairment. Early intervention and screening may be beneficial to assist recovery.

Prevalence of iron deficiency using 3 definitions among women in the US and Canada

Using three definitions of iron deficiency, researchers found significant variations in prevalence rates among women in the US and Canada. Higher serum ferritin thresholds led to a greater diagnosis and treatment of iron deficiency, resulting in reduced morbidity.

Mpox continues to circulate at low numbers among gay and bisexual men who have sex with men

Researchers tracked mpox cases in a surveillance network of 13 emergency departments, finding three new cases among gay and bisexual men who have sex with men. The study highlights the need for vigilance and vaccination to prevent further transmission.

USPSTF recommendation statement on interventions to prevent falls in community-dwelling older adults

The US Preventive Services Task Force recommends exercise interventions for older adults at increased risk of falls, considering prior falls, medical conditions, and patient values. The overall net benefit is small, making a personalized approach necessary to balance benefits and harms.

More women on hospital teams mean better surgery outcomes

A recent study published in the British Journal of Surgery found that hospitals with a higher proportion of female surgeons and anesthesiologists had better post-operative outcomes for patients. The study suggests that a team diversity threshold of 35% female members is crucial for optimal performance.

First effective treatment found for spitting cobra snakebite

Scientists have found an effective treatment for spitting cobra snakebites by blocking one of the major dermonecrosis-causing toxins with varespladib. The study suggests that this repurposed drug can prevent tissue damage and may become a valuable treatment against black-necked and red spitting cobra venoms.

Overuse of antibiotics in newborns with suspected sepsis

A Swedish study published in JAMA Network Open found that over one million newborns were given unnecessary antibiotics for suspected sepsis despite a reduction in sepsis cases. The researchers argue that the treatment burden is too high, suggesting potential to reduce antibiotic use.

Identifying proteins causally related to COVID-19, healthspan and lifespan

Researchers identified 35-63 proteins affecting severe COVID-19, hospitalization, SARS-COV2 infection, and 4-32 proteins for healthspan and lifespan. Novel proteins involved in inflammation, immunity, apoptosis and metabolism were also found.