Articles tagged with Economics Research
The new ERC EARTH research center will focus on developing sustainable refrigerant technologies and practices to improve quality of life and combat climate change. Lehigh University's team, led by David Vicic, will work on reclamation and repurposing of high-GWP legacy refrigerants.
A new study by Neil Sehgal and Ashwini Sehgal found that US Congress members whose ancestors enslaved 16 or more people had a net worth five times higher than those without slaveholding history. The researchers noted limitations, including lack of information on pre-1776 slavery and potential biases in the dataset.
The Illinois researchers developed a new index called the Circularity Index (CI), which measures circularity on a scale from 0 to 1. It includes eight categories: take, make, distribute, use, dispose, recover, remake, and reuse. The CI can be used to evaluate strategies and impacts in bioeconomic systems.
Researchers analyzed nighttime light data to assess power restoration rates in urban and rural areas, finding disparities between socioeconomic status and community type. The study highlights the need for targeted policy solutions to address these disparities and improve disaster recovery.
A new study by Donna Ginther suggests that larger team sizes in academic research negatively impact career prospects. The research found that as the number of authors on papers increases, it becomes harder to discern individual contributions and give credit, affecting job opportunities and research funding.
A new study shows that empowering women through energy care work can transform community-led renewable energy programmes, promoting gender equality. The research highlights the importance of valuing multiple voices and incorporating diverse practices of care into energy transition policies.
A new study reveals that eco-friendly activewear companies' post-consumer circular economy policies are hindered by geography, making them ineffective for global customers. The research found that many companies have take-back schemes but restrict them to domestic customers or specific locations, limiting their environmental impact.
A study by Indiana University Kelley School of Business found that Black employees are more likely to attribute workplace mistreatment to racial prejudice and make a pessimistic attribution. This leads to higher rates of depression compared to white employees. Organisations must create an inclusive workplace to reduce workplace mistrea...
A WVU team investigates how different management practices affect Appalachian forest life and carbon sequestration capabilities. Preliminary data reveals changes in species distribution and ecosystem resilience to climate change.
A new study quantifies air pollution for NYC subway commuters, revealing disparities in exposure across racial and income groups. The research found that people from lower-income working communities have higher exposures and Black and Hispanic workers experience on average 35% and 23% higher PM2.5 exposure, respectively.
A new study suggests that increased knowledge can backfire when individuals prioritize their own interests over the greater good. The 'knowledge curse' concept, coined by Cornell University economists, highlights the potential for enhanced understanding to hinder cooperation and lead to worse outcomes.
Researchers found that including corporate earnings growth in state budgets improves accuracy, explaining up to 86% of variation in actual revenue collections. This tool is particularly useful for states with diverse industries, and can help avoid midyear cuts and slashing programs later in the year.
A recent study published in the American Economic Review suggests that transparency about past transactions can improve market efficiency when sellers have high profits due to competition. However, it may worsen outcomes when buyers observe previous sales quantities, as sellers are more likely to heavily discount their services.
A study at Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health reports a 500% increase in drug-involved overdose deaths in 2022, primarily attributed to synthetic opioids. Income protection policies have been found to have a supportive role in preventing fatal drug overdoses.
Employment rates for people with disabilities have plateaued near historic high levels, remaining at 36.9% in July 2024, while the employment-to-population ratio decreased from 37.3% in July 2023. Labor force participation rates also showed no significant changes.
Researchers identified a new enzyme XccOpgD in Xanthomonas that enhances pathogenicity, leading to potential anti-bacterial pesticides. The discovery offers sustainable solutions to global agricultural challenges and promotes environmental stewardship.
A study published in Nature Human Behaviour found that prehistoric Europeans spent on small everyday expenses more often than large ones, consistent with modern Western economies. The researchers also discovered metal fragments circulated as money around 1,500 BC, supporting the idea of a market economy from an early stage.
Researchers explore clean energy investments as a means to stabilize and enhance portfolios during fluctuating market conditions. The study found that clean energy indices play unique roles in the global financial system, affecting information transmission and resilience.
A new study suggests that public health interventions, such as reformulating food products and introducing low emission zones, could yield significant cost savings and QALY gains in England. The interventions studied could save up to £4bn by reducing dementia rates and helping people live longer and healthier.
A new study by University of Essex and University of Chicago economists found that staff working in a hybrid model were less likely to come up with innovative ideas than colleagues who always worked in the office. The quality of ideas also suffered, particularly in teams that didn't coordinate their work schedules.
Research shows that wealthy countries in the Global North benefit from unequal exchange with the Global South, net-appropriating 826 billion hours of labor. This amounts to a wage value of €16.9 trillion, equivalent to half of total consumption in the Global North.
A new study found significant disparities in stroke services across the US, with hospitals in disadvantaged communities up to 42% less likely to obtain stroke center certification. Hospitals serving affluent communities are more likely to become certified, which improves patient outcomes and access to critical treatment.
A recent study found that medical and educational debt collectively exceeds $150 billion among US health care workers. Educational debts disproportionately burden Black workers, while medical debts are more prevalent among women, home health personnel, and those with recent hospitalizations.
A research team at Iowa State University is studying how to efficiently turn harvested grass into lucrative renewable natural gas, creating wins for farmers, businesses, municipalities, and society. The analysis finds that renewable natural gas is the most economically practical focus, with a lower carbon footprint compared to traditio...
A new study suggests that ending mass human deprivation and providing good lives for the whole world's population can be achieved while reducing environmental damage. The research proposes that only 30% of current global resources and energy use are required to provide universal access to basic goods and services.
The study analyzed comments on Sina Weibo to understand the public response to China's three-child supportive measures. Positive attitudes emerged towards housing subsidies and financial incentives, while negative responses were linked to extended maternity leave concerns.
The COVID-19 pandemic significantly widened existing economic and health disparities, slowing progress toward health-related Sustainable Development Goals. Low-income countries can expect an average progress loss of 16.5% across all health indicators.
A study by Virginia Tech researchers found that mothers' mental health suffers when their families lack food resources, especially if they are the ones going without food. The study highlights the need for strategies to help moms or caregivers manage their mental health during times of food insecurity.
A study by Duke University researchers suggests that a mixed approach to reforestation, combining both planted and naturally regenerated forests, can sequester more carbon than either method alone. This approach can remove up to 10 times more carbon dioxide from the atmosphere at lower cost.
European countries that recognized same-sex marriages saw a 21% decrease in new HB1 visas from the US over 20 years. This suggests that inclusive policies make countries more attractive for skilled labor, particularly in STEM fields.
Researchers found that older concertgoers can recognize musical themes and patterns just like their younger counterparts. The study's results suggest that age may not be a significant factor in musical memory, contrary to previous assumptions.
The study analyzed four biofuels crops and found that each feedstock performed best in a specific region of the rainfed United States. The researchers identified miscanthus and switchgrass as the most environmentally friendly options, while energy sorghum was the cheapest to produce.
A new framework enables efficient calculation of optimal solar panel and battery sizes for residential neighborhoods, making it feasible to achieve net-zero energy houses. The approach leverages linear programming transformations to overcome computational challenges, demonstrating that ZEH status does not significantly elevate costs.
The 'ADA generation' working-age population with disabilities shows a higher employment-to-population ratio compared to the non-ADA generation. The data suggests progress in closing the employment gap between individuals with and without disabilities, largely driven by the ADA generation's presence in the labor market.
A research team led by Clemson University Professor Shahid Mukhtar aims to identify natural biological solutions through the microbiome to help soybeans survive extreme heat and drought. The study will focus on the cellular level, soil microbiomes, and plant responses to environmental stresses.
Research from University of South Australia finds that individuals who experienced child abuse or neglect are three times more likely to receive government income support payments. Cumulative income support payments for those with no protection contact were $38,570, while those in out-of-home care received $181,743.
Rocio Uria-Martinez, an energy and environmental economist at ORNL, was recognized for her work on the U.S. Hydropower Market Report detailing industry trends. Her research analyzed climate change impacts, pumped storage hydropower operations, and cost allocation in multipurpose projects.
This study reveals the extent and causes of technology conspiracy beliefs, finding they are widespread among the general population, with at least 20% believing in six out of ten theories. The research highlights the detrimental effects of these beliefs, including a breakdown of social collaboration and constructive political debate.
A new study by Kishore Gawande finds that China's nationwide protection of private property rights in 2007 turbocharged its business climate. However, the country is now reversing course, with potential investors pulling back due to weakening property rights. This could lead to lower economic output and tax revenues for local governments.
Climate change is predicted to decrease strawberry yields by as much as 40% due to increased temperatures. Sustainable farming practices can help mitigate this effect, ensuring a stable food supply for everyone.
A survey-based study found that 97% of Japanese respondents are willing to pay for a nationwide wastewater surveillance system, with a median value of $8.83 per household per year. The estimated annual tax would be more than enough to cover system maintenance costs, making the system economically justified.
A majority of people in Afghanistan support human rights for Afghan women, with men more likely to back women's rights when considering their eldest daughters. The study found that fathers of eldest daughters are a key constituency for elevating women's status in Afghan society.
A new tool has been developed to compare gender inequality among different US states, revealing substantial gender disparities across the country. States with higher gender inequality scores tend to have lower measures of women's wellbeing and fewer tweets about the #MeToo movement.
Research by University of Nottingham and Queen's University Belfast found that mental health training for line managers is associated with better business outcomes, including lower sick leave and improved customer service. The study suggests that providing such training could hold strategic value for companies.
A team of Texas A&M researchers will conduct a five-year study on brucellosis in Armenia to improve detection capabilities and provide education. The project aims to better understand the disease's presence and prevalence, allowing the Armenian government to develop a control plan to stop its spread.
A study found that over 60% of participants preferred AI decision-making over humans in redistributing earnings, despite potential discrimination concerns. However, participants were less satisfied with the fairness and accuracy of AI decisions compared to human-made choices.
Researchers found that out-of-pocket costs for additional tests, including MRI and biopsies, are common and increasing among privately insured men with high PSA results. The median cost rose substantially between 2010-2020, deterring patients from undergoing recommended screening.
Households are willing to pay $156.84 annually for targeted home systems to remove PFAS, which is less than the cost of municipal-level treatment. Under-the-sink reverse osmosis filters are estimated to have a yearly total cost of around $100, including maintenance.
A recent poll of older adults reveals that those in their 50s and early 60s who face financial stress are more likely to experience negative health effects. The study found that 47% of people aged 50-64 reported being impacted by inflation, with many cutting back on everyday expenses.
Research reveals that residents of America's wealthiest communities face higher economic losses from natural disasters and exposure to air pollution, despite having more assets. In contrast, low-income municipalities have higher suicide rates, homicide rates, and firearm fatalities, but lower access to health services.
Researchers estimate the expected outcomes in long-term expenses as those hydrogen production pathways evolve. The study concludes that experience from deploying blue hydrogen projects will help lower future costs, while extended tax incentives for carbon sequestration can significantly reduce costs further.
A study of Japanese listed companies found that those with higher carbon emissions face higher costs for borrowing and raising money. In contrast, companies that follow TCFD guidelines and openly share climate-related information benefit from lower capital costs.
A study of 2,001 American adults found that cryptocurrency ownership is associated with belief in conspiracy theories, support for political extremism, and the 'Dark Tetrad' of personality traits. Fringe social media sources are also a key predictor of crypto ownership.
Research by economists at University of East Anglia and others found links between finance ministers and executives at biggest credit ratings agencies associated with higher ratings for countries without these connections, highlighting a conflict-of-interest problem in the credit ratings agency business model.
A new study found that nearly two-thirds of Japanese professional football clubs are at risk of bankruptcy, with many struggling to maintain financial stability. The research highlights the need for financial reforms and monitoring in the J-League, particularly among clubs with high levels of debt.
A new study suggests taxing certain antibiotics could help manage the threat of antibiotic resistance in humans. By making narrow-spectrum drugs cheaper and broad-spectrum ones more expensive, GPs may be incentivized to prescribe narrower options.
A new study from the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill found that increased social media usage 18 months into the pandemic had a negative effect on college students' mental health. Students who spent more time on social media were more likely to experience depression and anxiety.
A survey study found that 6 months into Medicaid unwinding, 1 in 8 beneficiaries reported exiting the program, with wide state variation. Many who lost coverage experienced gaps in care, and adults exiting Medicaid faced more difficulties accessing healthcare services than those remaining enrolled.
A new study finds that Brazilian industrial policies are more effective when involving workers and civil society. Researchers analyzed policy plans and found that those with stronger labor union involvement outperformed weaker ones, highlighting the importance of societal participation in shaping national development goals.
A clinical trial evaluated the economic impact of adding a dedicated team to existing emergency department care for older patients. The study found that this approach can significantly improve patient quality of life and save up to €2.4 billion nationally.