Articles tagged with Market Economics
The Economic and Social Research Council (ESRC) has awarded £16.5m in funding to three new Centres of Excellence, with a focus on the economic wellbeing of the UK. The centres will conduct research on globalisation, macro-economic growth, and the impact of immigration on growth and wellbeing.
Researchers at North Carolina State University and the USDA have identified alternative fumigants to methyl bromide (MeBr) for tomato production in North Carolina. The study found that while no single alternative can fully substitute MeBr, technically and economically feasible options exist for growers to adopt.
The study suggests that trade liberalization can exacerbate poverty, income inequality, and economic insecurity, leading to poorer health outcomes. The authors highlight the importance of social protection policies to mitigate these negative effects on public health.
A recent study in the Review of Agricultural Economics reveals that China's horticultural economy has contributed to poverty reduction among small and poor farmers. Despite the emergence of modern supply chains, ensuring food safety remains a challenge due to lack of contractual relationships and accountability.
A recent study assesses how risk management impacts corporate growth and value, highlighting the importance of equity cushions in capital structures. Risk managers often focus on measurement rather than management, leading to inadequate advice for managing risks.
Experts warn that retirement accounts lost 18% of value between 2007-2008, and housing prices fell by 4-20% in the same period. The current financial crisis affects those planning to spend down assets in retirement.
Researchers at Virginia Tech will develop high-performance computer modeling tools to design efficient wireless spectrum markets. The goal is to create a robust, economically viable and efficient Dynamic Spectrum Access architecture for cellular networks.
A new study found that countries with extensive government control over economies experience higher levels of ethnic conflict and civil wars. Economic policies redistributing income across ethnic groups exacerbate tensions.
A groundbreaking study by Brown University economist Yona Rubinstein and Casey Mulligan of the University of Chicago reveals that the apparent narrowing of the gender wage gap in recent decades is due to changes in the type of women entering the workforce, not actual pay increases. The research found that growing wage inequality within...
A study in Economic Inquiry found that gas stations adjust their prices to match a few select peers, rather than all stations. However, price movements within the same chain are often highly correlated, suggesting indirect dependence on rival stations' prices.
A new study on Uganda's commodity coffee market found that when global coffee prices rise, farmers do not see the same increase in their earnings. The influx of seasonal buyers, known as 'ddebe boys,' means price increases are not fully passed on to growers.
A new study published in Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice reveals that the motivation of small business managers has a long-term effect on firm growth. The study found that motivation is a relevant predictor of firm growth, with managers' motivations varying and affecting the growth achieved.
A study published in Strategic Management Journal reveals that financial markets reward green firms due to their perceived lower risk, resulting in reduced total cost of capital. Additionally, individual investors favor greener firms, leading to increased ownership and lower equity capital costs.
A new study by University of Southern California economist Guillaume Vandenbroucke reveals that the decrease in transportation costs and population growth were key drivers of US Westward Expansion. The study found that technological innovation played a significant role in reducing transportation costs, leading to an increase in land ac...
A new study by Georgia Tech predicts China will soon pass the US in technological standing, driven by its growing emphasis on research and development. China's rapid advancements in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) fields are expected to make it a major player in the global economy.
A University of Missouri study found that cross-owned television stations produce more local programming news content, with an average of 4-8% more coverage than non-cross-owned stations. Cross ownership also leads to 25% more coverage of local and state politics.
A new study funded by the Economic and Social Research Council found that foreign retailers can provide workers with opportunities to prosper and improve their skills in Chinese subsidiaries. Contrary to expectations, job satisfaction was high among employees in apparently menial jobs, such as checkout staff and warehouse workers.
Research funded by ESRC suggests that UK businesses are under-investing in intangible assets, which could be the reason for stagnant productivity. Investing in intangibles such as software, research, and branding can increase productivity, making traditional measurement techniques inadequate.
A mathematical model measures the value people place on distributive justice, revealing a willingness to sacrifice 20% of disposable income. The study also found that education and race significantly impact the value placed on equity, with educated whites placing the highest value.
Professor Paul J.J. Welfens has received the economics prize from the Russian Academy of Sciences for his work on macro-economic theory and policy. He specializes in these areas at Wuppertal University's Department of Economics.
The Russian economy is experiencing rapid growth driven by a thriving middle class, but this has led to widening income disparities and growing poverty. Forecasting growth or recession beyond 2011 is hazardous, as the country faces challenges in increasing energy production and exports.
A recent Cornell University study suggests that eating at healthy restaurants like Subway can lead to consuming more calories than similar meals from fast-food chains like McDonald's. Consumers tend to overestimate the calorie counts of healthier options and order more side dishes, resulting in a higher overall caloric intake.
A RAND Corporation study reveals a sharp decline in undiagnosed diabetes cases among American men over the past 25 years, with ethnic disparities largely eliminated. The study also found that education levels play a significant role in diabetes diagnosis, with those having less education being less likely to receive accurate diagnoses.
A study by Craig J. Thompson and Gokcen Coskuner-Balli explores how Community Supported Agriculture (CSA) has thrived as a counterexample to the corporate co-optation of organic food movement, offering a viable market niche for small farmers and a means for consumers to engage in unconventional marketplace practices.
A RAND Corporation study finds that women-owned small businesses are underrepresented in more than half of industry categories when measured by total contract awards. However, their representation is not significant when measured by dollar value of contracts awarded.
A new report from the Project on Emerging Nanotechnologies explores the potential of nanotechnology to build an environmentally sustainable society. The report highlights several promising applications, including the use of nanoparticles to clean up toxic waste sites and reduce lead emissions in electronics manufacturing.
A Cornell University study found that graduate students ate 27% less chicken wings when they could see leftover bones accumulating on their table, compared to tables where food was cleared. The study suggests using environmental cues like empty glasses or bottles to curb overeating and overdrinking at social gatherings.
The World Wildlife Fund report reveals a significant growth in farmed salmon, leading to decreased wild salmon supply and economic impacts on fishermen. The study recommends harmonizing regulatory food safety standards and providing accurate information about salmon issues.
A study by Durham University found that nearly two-thirds of English mortgage holders have almost all their savings tied to their home. This means nearly a quarter are taking a diversified approach, balancing investments between home ownership and other financial portfolios.
China's growing investment in nanoscience aims to capture a significant share of the $3 trillion global nanotech market. The country plans to increase its research and development capabilities over the next 15 years, with a focus on emerging technologies like nanotechnology.
A new study by Cornell University researchers found that sad people tend to overeat comfort foods, but those with nutritional information curtail their consumption. In contrast, happy individuals already avoid excessive eating and are not influenced by nutrition labels.
New research shows that chain stores' national pricing strategies can boost variety and choice for consumers, particularly in areas with lower average wages and older populations. This approach can also support public health policy by providing important options for consumers on lower earnings.
A survey of nearly 4,500 people found that 75% had experienced victimization and 64% had engaged in illegal or shady practices. The researchers argue that neo-liberal market reforms have fostered a culture of cynicism and selfishness, eroding traditional values such as the rule of law and trust in institutions.
A recent study by Matthew J. Kotchen found that green markets can crowd out private voluntary donations in sufficiently large economies. This is because consumers' willingness to pay more for environmentally friendly products can increase the level of giving, but also discourage direct donations to environmental causes.
The article highlights the need for effective regulation in markets, arguing that traditional command-and-control approaches are often ineffective. Dieter Helm suggests that market-based instruments like environmental taxes and trade permits can be more efficient and resistant to capture by vested interests.
A recent study by Baicker and Chandra found that a 20% increase in health insurance premiums would reduce the probability of employment by 2.4 percentage points, equivalent to approximately 3.5 million workers. As healthcare costs rise, workers may accept lower wages for costlier health insurance.
A study by Professor Simon Parker and Olufunmilola Ajaji-obe found that self-employed people in the UK work long hours but report higher job satisfaction compared to employees. The researchers also discovered that younger entrepreneurs are more sensitive to new information than older ones, which can impact their retirement decisions.
A new study by Matthew Gentzkow and Jesse M. Shapiro finds that media bias arises from a desire to maximize reputation, rather than personal beliefs or values. The authors argue that supporting the growth of independent media in competitive markets can counteract this bias.
Research by Lucian Peppelenbos reveals that Chile's free market economy is built on centuries-old patriarchal structures, providing opportunities for small businesses and unskilled laborers. Despite inefficiencies, this system ensures access to the world market for small farmers.
States that set higher Medicaid payment rates can enhance the program's attractiveness to potential employees, but moderate rate increases have a limited impact on access and use. Reducing fees by five to ten percent may also be an option when state budgets tighten without serious negative consequences.
The study reveals that the informal sector creates most jobs in West African cities, but these occupations are insecure and poorly paid. Underemployment affects 67% of active people, with nearly 2.7 million individuals in this situation.
A two-sided market framework is used to compare the traditional 'Reader Pays' model with the newer 'Author Pays' or Open Access publishing model. The study finds that Open Access appears efficient when distribution costs are minimal, but editorial quality may affect profitability.
Researchers explore how Starbucks influences local markets, fostering a 'third-place' experience, yet also facing criticism for predatory practices. The study reveals complex relationships between consumer behavior, corporate power, and environmental concerns.
A statistical model predicts rapid increase in spinal fractures over time if left untreated, highlighting the importance of intervention before first fracture occurs. The study emphasizes the need for therapy that reduces risk of first fracture within one year to substantially reduce future fracture risk.
The 2003 Starting Salary Survey shows a shift in employment patterns among new chemistry Ph.D. graduates, with more taking lower paying academic positions. Median salaries were lower than previous classes, with bachelor's graduates still below the all-time high.
A majority of US immigrant adults perform at the lowest literacy level, with those having higher literacy proficiencies showing better labor market outcomes and wages.
Research from Imperial College London finds that African cotton markets benefit from a balance between competition and coordination. The study reveals that concentrated, market-based systems have been successful in meeting common challenges while maintaining reasonable prices to consumers.
A significant demographic shift has occurred in the US, delaying the transition to adulthood, as youth are combining roles, exploring options, and gaining education to prepare for a demanding labor force. Marriage and family have not been abandoned, but rather postponed until later ages.
Tuomas Sandholm's work focuses on constructing electronic marketplaces that lead to economically desirable outcomes. His research has led to significant savings for Fortune 500 companies, exceeding $300 million.
A study by Dr Nir Vulkan suggests electronic markets will replace traditional dealer markets unless made more attractive with lower commissions. The research found that 'weak' traders are drawn to anonymous electronic marketplaces, leading to a potential shift of all traders to electronic markets.
Researchers found that stock markets follow distinct power law patterns, which can be used to partially predict market crashes. The patterns are also seen in natural systems such as earthquakes and human language, and are generated by the actions of large market participants.
The report highlights agriculture's significant impact on urban daily life, from green industry to economic benefits and crime reduction. It proposes initiatives for collaboration between agricultural science, higher education, research, and government to remain relevant to society.
The telecommunications industry has transformed into a competitive and lucrative sector, but most companies are still operating on outdated business models. They need to reassess their pricing policies to generate revenue and stay ahead of new competitors.
The region's labor force growth rate was the second-lowest among nine geographic divisions, with women accounting for all 100% of growth during the 1990s. Declining native-born male workers have contributed to record low unemployment rates and growing labor shortages.
A new analysis shows that Actonel reduced the risk of nonvertebral osteoporotic fractures by 74 percent within one year in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis. The effect was observed as early as six months, and the study included 1172 patients who received either placebo or Actonel 5 mg daily.
A new analysis reveals that early intervention with Actonel significantly reduces the risk of first vertebral fractures in postmenopausal women. The study found a 75% decrease in fracture risk among women treated with Actonel, compared to those on placebo.
A new study suggests that global warming could lead to a shift in forest growth patterns, with temperate regions like North America potentially losing market share to subtropical regions. As temperatures rise, softwood species may migrate north and take over hardwood forests, leading to economic losses for growers.
The report counters common views on uncontrolled immigration, citing improved information and matching migrants with employer needs. It suggests an auction-based system for migration permits to better match skills and demands.
A University of Toronto study finds that immigrants receive on average half to two-thirds less in earnings for their educational and work experience than native-born Canadians. To address this issue, a better 'mutual orientation' between immigrants and employers is needed, says Professor Jeffrey Reitz.
A new study by Northeastern University finds that Massachusetts has seen an unprecedented increase in unemployment, with the state's rate rising to over 80% in just over a year. College-educated workers are disproportionately affected, with many facing layoffs in high-tech and engineering fields.