Articles tagged with Market Economics
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
China's rapid aging poses health risks due to growing obesity, smoking, and pollution. However, policy changes such as improving education, health, and migration policies can help mitigate these challenges.
Researchers propose extending free 'super Wi-Fi' range to lower frequency bands, enabling communication partners at distances of several kilometers. The approach could relieve mobile communications networks and trigger innovations in fields such as stage microphones and digital disaster relief services.
A new RAND Corporation report highlights the ongoing struggles of military veterans in finding civilian employment, despite businesses reporting they make excellent employees. The study found that challenges remain for both veterans seeking jobs and employers trying to hire them.
A new study by the University of British Columbia's Sauder School of Business finds that Western retailers like Walmart enhance Chinese suppliers' export capabilities through improved productivity, efficiency, and quality. The study reveals a significant boost in exports from Chinese cities when foreign retail outlets increase.
A study found that more competition among physicians is associated with lower prices paid to them for common office visits. The research, published in JAMA, analyzed data from 1,058 US counties and found that less competition was linked to higher prices.
A new RAND Corporation study finds that eliminating ACA subsidies would increase premium costs by 43% and cause enrollment to drop by 68%. The study suggests that without subsidies, prices would jump sharply and many people could not afford coverage.
NJIT has been awarded a $5.67 million grant from the Department of Defense to support New Jersey's defense industry. The project, known as MarketShift, aims to help companies develop new products for existing markets and expand into non-defense markets.
Researchers found that when the economy is strong, customers focus more on past experiences with service firms and pay attention to aspects like satisfaction and effort made by the firm. The study recommends service managers to prioritize improving customer experience during good economic times to maximize revenue gains.
Researchers found no universal preference for high testosterone faces and nuanced effects of culture on mate choice. Across 12 populations, women preferred slightly less masculine faces, suggesting factors beyond infectious disease rates influence attractiveness.
A new study by USC Marshall professor Gerard J. Tellis and colleagues reveals that financial innovations can deliver significant positive returns, particularly in the United States. The research found that radical innovations, such as home mortgages and auto loans, generate higher cumulative abnormal returns due to their ability to cha...
A new study in the Journal of Consumer Research suggests that responsible consumption is a myth, shifting the burden for solving global problems from governments to individuals. The researchers found that this shift benefits corporations by creating new markets, while all the pressure falls on consumers.
Researchers estimate that shale oil and gas production provides a $302 billion yearly dividend to the US economy. Implementing an emission-reducing plan would reduce this dividend by half, but still leave significant gains. A carbon tax is considered the most efficient way to balance emissions reduction with economic benefits.
An Indiana University study found that temporary worker visas do not guarantee better jobs or wages for Mexican immigrants. In fact, these legal workers often earn less than undocumented immigrants, who can improve their situation by changing jobs or negotiating for better pay.
A Baylor University study found that people living in countries with larger governments tend to be more content, regardless of wealth or socioeconomic status. The study analyzed data from 21 advanced industrialized countries and ranked them by satisfaction levels, with Denmark and Switzerland topping the list.
A new study by Rice University researchers suggests that being part of a business group and participating in the Indian capital market can have a positive impact on an Indian company's stock market performance. The study found support for this notion using a longitudinal data set of over 10,000 companies.
A recent study by University of Chicago Booth School of Business Professor Matthew Gentzkow challenges the notion that the internet is responsible for the decline of newspapers. The research highlights three false premises in assumptions about journalism and finds that online ad rates are often compared incorrectly.
A University of Illinois study found that WIC moms who received farmers market vouchers consumed a greater variety of vegetables and fruits, despite lower prices at grocery stores. The study suggests that while vouchers can increase access to fresh produce, they may not significantly impact overall consumption.
A study by University of Miami researcher Casey Klofstad found that vocal fry is perceived negatively, particularly in labor market contexts, affecting women's hiring prospects. Women who use vocal fry are seen as less attractive, competent, educated, trustworthy, and ultimately less hirable than those with normal speech.
A statistical modeling study projects almost all European countries will experience rising obesity rates by 2030, with the highest prevalence in females in Ireland. The study highlights the need for urgent policies to reverse this trend and prevent premature mortality and economic strain on healthcare systems.
A study by researchers at the University at Buffalo found that introducing new products as brand extensions can lead to increased revenue. Sub-branding was also shown to be effective in generating greater revenues for these extensions, such as Gillette Mach3.
The paper argues that universities should value faculty patents and commercialization activities equally in decisions related to tenure and academic advancement. The authors suggest that encouraging innovation and supporting bright young faculty can lead to a culture change that recognizes the value of these activities.
A study by researchers from Mississippi State and Louisiana State Universities reveals that early planting and delaying harvest can increase yield and economic benefits for sweetpotato producers. The results showed that marketable yield of the sweetpotato cultivars was consistently greater in early plantings than late plantings.
A large-scale study found that falling stock prices are associated with a significant increase in hospitalisations for mental disorders. The researchers analyzed data from Taiwan over 4,000 days and discovered that daily changes in the stock market index coincided with increased hospitalisations. The effects were more pronounced on men...
A Dartmouth study finds that communal acequias in the US Southwest are struggling due to reduced snowmelt and socio-economic pressures. The decline reflects changes worldwide where isolated communities integrate into larger economies, altering traditional water management systems.
A community effort aims to create a comprehensive database of economic flows and resource connections to identify vulnerable bottlenecks in global supply networks. This will enable the development of more resilient economies against future climate extremes.
A team of researchers found that microbes engage in market-like behaviors, including comparing bids for commodities, hoarding resources, and eliminating competitors. This discovery has implications for understanding microbial interactions and could lead to new approaches in social microbiology.
A study by Canadian and Peruvian researchers found that the bulk of Peruvian landings' value comes from producing seafood for human consumption. The Peruvian anchovy generates up to one-third of the world's fishmeal supply but only accounts for 31% of sector revenue.
The study will focus on three leading Philadelphia arts organizations: the Chamber Orchestra of Philadelphia, Opera Philadelphia, and the Pennsylvania Ballet. The research aims to understand how these organizations cope with changing landscapes and explore best practices for other institutions.
Consumers enjoy discounts more immediately than later, according to a new study. Discounts make consumers happier but also reduce the need to justify expenditure, leading to decreased enjoyment. The study found that waiting to consume after payment can dampen pleasure-related consumption experiences.
A UN-backed report highlights the need for a 'total economic approach' to tackle global land degradation, which affects 24% of usable lands and results in estimated annual losses of $40 billion. Adopting sustainable land management practices could raise crop supplies by an estimated 2.3 billion tonnes worth $1.4 trillion.
A paper by MIT economist Alp Simsek suggests that financial innovation does not reduce portfolio risk, but instead raises it by spreading risk through new financial instruments and creating situations where parties hold opposing views. This can lead to increased average portfolio risks as speculative variance becomes dominant.
A new study by the University of East Anglia reveals that pay-to-delay deals can lead to significantly higher prices for generic versions of drugs, harming consumer welfare and health services. The research suggests that moves to investigate and ban such agreements are justified due to anti-competitive practices.
The number of big game hunters in Spain has risen significantly over the past three decades, driven by urban tourists seeking trophy hunting experiences. This trend is linked to economic factors, including increased purchasing power and the growth of commercial hunting activities.
Researchers at Washington State University found that being confident can increase a pundit's followers by nearly 17%, while accuracy only boosts it by 3.4%. The study used over 1 billion tweets to analyze the relationship between confidence and popularity.
Research by University of Copenhagen economists rejects the 'wealth effect' theory, suggesting homeowners do not increase consumption despite rising property values. The study analyzed data from 90,000 households and found that younger homeowners took out more consumption loans when given the chance.
Research suggests that highly powerful individuals often ignore constraints, but low-power team members can serve as a check. The study found that powerful people are less likely to consider risks, while their lower-powered colleagues are more aware of potential pitfalls.
Recent immigrants to Canada often over-qualified for their jobs due to language barriers and lack of work experience. However, increased proficiency in English or French, combined with post-immigration education and training, can significantly improve job matching.
The UK's rapid increase in surrogate births over the past six years poses a risk of exploitation, particularly in informal arrangements lacking professional back-up. Overseas surrogacy arrangements are also a concern due to potential financial, physical and emotional risks to adults and children involved.
A new study from Cornell University found that serving kids combined snacks of cheese and vegetables led to a 72% reduction in calories consumed. The results showed that children eating these snack combos were just as satisfied as those who ate only potato chips, making it an effective tool for reducing childhood obesity.
A new study by RAND Corporation reveals that recent Mexican immigrants to the US have a significant amount of undiagnosed disease, including diabetes and high blood pressure. Despite this, they are still generally healthier than native-born residents after accounting for undiagnosed disease.
A study by Duke University found that more than half of all US couches tested contained potentially toxic or untested chemical flame retardants. Tris, a known carcinogen, was detected in 41% of the foam samples, while pentaBDE was banned in 172 countries and 12 US states but still found in some couches.
A study by Temple University researchers found that free room giveaways are less profitable than alternative comps such as free travel and parking. In fact, casinos could see an $8.45 return on every dollar spent on their own travel and parking promotions compared to only a $2.51 return on room, food, or beverage giveaways.
Ernst Fehr, a leading economist from the University of Zurich, has been awarded the 2013 Gottlieb Duttweiler prize for his pioneering work on fairness preference and its impact on human behavior. His research has challenged traditional economic theories and shed light on the importance of social norms and cooperation.
A Temple University study reveals that 45% of highly paid professionals who were laid off would consider returning to their previous employer, emphasizing the need for fair and transparent layoff decisions. The research also highlights the impact of layoffs on survivors' attitudes towards their former employer.
The study found that 30% of Chinese urban households own credit cards, with a growth rate of 40% per year between 2004 and 2009. However, most non-card holders are unaware of safety issues and have little knowledge of credit card consequences.
A UBC study found that unemployed American workers, particularly low- and medium-skilled workers, have a higher risk of death compared to their German counterparts. The study suggests that access to employment insurance and unemployment benefits can significantly impact mortality rates.
A recent study by Greg Kaplan found that young adults who move back home with their parents after a job loss can benefit from it. Living at home allows individuals to be choosier when looking for a new job, enabling them to wait for higher-paying opportunities and avoiding lower-earning jobs. This can result in lower long-term earnings...
Experts discuss the science underlying ecosystem services markets, weighing benefits against potential unintended consequences for non-target ecosystem attributes. The symposium aims to address tough questions about how to measure and value nature's services.
Research reveals 'green grabs' lead to dispossession and poverty in Africa, Asia, and Latin America. Local ecosystems are being exploited for profit, undermining sustainable development and justice.
A University of Florida study examines the social, environmental, and economic impacts of a South American highway project. The research found that highway paving facilitates migration, population growth, and forest clearing, while also providing access to markets and improving economic security.
Economists Santanu Roy and Kamal Saggi found that trade restrictions on parallel imports can actually promote trade. When a market is smaller than the firm's own, imposing trade restrictions motivates the firm to export. The study suggests that policy diversity is working well, but countries with major asymmetries may need intervention.
A new study by University at Buffalo economist Gilad Sorek suggests that firms can stimulate demand for their products by giving up patent protection. This approach, known as free-licensing, increases the likelihood of further innovation and raises profits for the original innovator.
A study of 40,000 UK households found that only 6.4% of people moved home between 2009 and 2010, with urban dwellers more likely to fulfill their moving desires. The main reasons for moving were seeking better accommodation, family-related factors, or improving neighborhood conditions.
A recent study found that in the US, economic prosperity primarily benefits richer households, while those in lower and middle-income groups struggle to improve their financial situation. The study analyzed data from over 60,000 US households between 1996 and 2003, revealing a widening income gap.
A new study proposes a valuation-based measure of equity market segmentation, identifying country-level factors such as political risk profile and stock market development as key drivers. The study found that while global growth opportunities have increased, significant levels of segmentation remain in emerging markets.
Researchers from Tel Aviv University have developed a market 'seismograph' to measure interconnections between stock markets globally. This method can detect early signs of global crisis and provide measures to mitigate its spread.
Researchers suggest allocating sustainable annual whale-catch quotas to members of the International Whaling Commission, making them tradable in a global market. This approach could reduce whales harvested annually from two thousand to zero, according to proponents.
A recent study by Temple University researchers found that online marketplaces like eBay and Amazon prioritize risk reduction over social aspects of transactions. The authors analyzed buyer data to gauge assessments of online safeguards, finding that economic risk is a significant consideration only in moderately risky markets.
Joshua Gans, a Rotman professor, has received a three-year grant to analyze the economic drivers of scientific contributions and their impact on knowledge sharing. The project aims to provide insights for policy areas such as openness in science and promoting information through digital means.
A University of Bristol study examined motivational indicators in public and private sector workers across 51 countries. It found that public sector workers tend to be more intrinsically motivated, but corruption levels can affect motivation.