Articles tagged with Experimentation
Researchers discovered that herpesvirus 6 infection before inducing EAE significantly accelerated the disease's progression in marmosets. This finding supports the hypothesis that viral infections can increase susceptibility to autoimmunity by triggering a heightened immune state.
Scientists at Vanderbilt University have developed a method to predict the outcomes of various additive combinations used to extract more oil from wells. By using quantum mechanical simulations and experimentation, they found that calcium, magnesium, and sulfates can enhance oil recovery by modifying the surface charge on calcite.
The Biophysical Society has announced the winners of its Outstanding Poster Award, recognizing outstanding scientific achievements in biophysics. The student winners were selected for their research on HERG kinetics, while the postdoctoral winner was recognized for her work on cardiac resynchronization therapy.
Dr. Annick Bricaud received the 2018 Jerlov Award for her pioneering work in ocean optics, covering experimental and theoretical studies on seawater optical properties. Her research has been widely cited with over 11,400 citations, and she is a pioneer among female researchers in optical oceanography.
Researchers aim to improve theoretical and numerical models of intense laser-particle interactions to analyze experiments probing quantum effects. The new research will also help understand exotic phenomena in strong magnetic fields found in astrophysical objects like magnetars.
The Samara University team has developed a reliable and inexpensive propulsion system for maneuvering nanosatellites, using a water-alcohol mixture as the working body. The system can be equipped with any CubeSat space vehicle and expands the capabilities of nanosatellites, enabling them to solve complex problems in outer space.
Researchers at MIT have found a way to break dry spaghetti into exactly two pieces by twisting and then slowly bending it. The team developed an apparatus to control the twist and bend, and used it to test hundreds of sticks, finding that this method works consistently across different types of spaghetti.
Physicists have released most precise prediction of muon magnetic anomaly, taking into account interactions with all known particles. The new calculation comes just in time for comparison with precision measurements at the 'Muon g-2' experiment.
The number of scientific publications in the Web of Science has skyrocketed, increasing by 72.81% from 31,690 to 54,764 documents between 2007 and 2016. This growth is attributed to an increase in international collaborations.
Scientists encode information on a cylindrical elastic shell with stable dimples, enabling reprogrammable storage and erasure. The system could serve as the basis for small-scale mechanical memories.
Researchers at Tokyo Institute of Technology successfully formulated and experimentally verified a unified theory for controlling coherent optical phonons in diamond. The theory explains the generation and detection of coherent optical photons based on a model involving two states of electrons and the quantum harmonic oscillator.
Researchers at SISSA observed an increase in nerve cell activity on graphene carpets, attributed to ion 'trapping' that modulates its composition. This phenomenon enhances neuronal excitability, with specific effects depending on the graphene's support material.
Researchers at DOE's Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory discovered a way to more accurately measure the electrical properties of plasma. They found that a positive charge can sometimes surround probes, contradicting long-held assumptions about the plasma-wall sheath.
Researchers from UNIGE and CEA have discovered a novel topological phase transition in BACOVO, governed by two different sets of topological excitations. The team was able to control which set dominated the other, yielding a quantum phase transition.
Researchers at Delft University of Technology provide definite proof for Majorana particle existence, showcasing perfect quantization of zero-bias peak. This achievement enables exploration of Majorana quantum computing, with potential applications in topological quantum computing.
A new study reveals that the regeneration of phosphatidylinositol 4,5 bisphosphate (PIP2) in the fly eye is not as straightforward as previously thought. The researchers found that PIP2 cycle may be an 'open cycle' where breakdown products are siphoned away to other biochemical pathways.
Researchers created metastable states in an artificial quantum many-body system, observing the switching dynamics between two states. They found that thousands of atoms move through quantum tunnelling during the process.
Researchers performed synchrotron X-ray diffraction experiments on titanium disulfide and compared results with theoretical calculations. They found that interlayer interactions are stronger than theory indicates, involving significant electron sharing.
Researchers at Argonne National Laboratory used neutron scattering to study the behavior of correlated electron systems, gaining insight into material properties. The technique allowed for accurate predictions and comparison to theoretical models, enabling a more ambitious approach to discovering new materials.
A recent study found that at least 61% of people who try their first cigarette become daily smokers, suggesting the need to prioritize efforts to reduce cigarette experimentation among adolescents. The study analyzed data from over 215,000 survey respondents and published in the journal Nicotine & Tobacco Research.
The latest analysis of BaBar experiment's data limits hiding places for dark photon, ruling out its explanation for muon spin discrepancy and supporting the existence of dark matter. Researchers refine search for dark photons using decade-old particle collider data.
The NSF-funded Center for the Physics of Biological Function aims to bridge the gap between physics and biology by facilitating collaboration among theorists and experimentalists. The center will host a summer school for advanced undergraduates to introduce them to the field.
A UK study found that e-cigarette use among teens is associated with an increased risk of starting conventional cigarette smoking and escalating their habit. The study suggests that e-cigarette use may be a marker for those who would have started smoking anyway, but more research is needed to confirm this.
A study by University of Stirling researchers found a link between e-cigarette use and subsequent cigarette experimentation among never smokers. Young people who tried an e-cigarette were more likely to smoke a cigarette in the following year compared to those who had not.
A team of researchers from Caltech and Berkeley Lab found that tiny amounts of oxygen beneath the copper catalyst's surface play a critical role in activating carbon dioxide for conversion to ethanol. The discovery sheds light on the atomic-level details of the reaction, enabling scientists to predict ways to improve efficiency.
Scientists create a 'molecular black hole' by stripping electrons from atoms using the world's most powerful X-ray laser. The experiment uses intense pulses to study molecular behavior and could advance high-resolution imaging of viruses, bacteria, and complex materials.
Researchers at Janelia Research Campus have discovered how fruit flies use a specialized nerve cell system to navigate their environment, involving the activation and suppression of neighboring neurons. The discovery sheds light on the fly's internal picture of the outside world and its cognitive processes.
Researchers at TU Wien and Heidelberg University have demonstrated how to test quantum field theories in a quantum simulator, using thousands of ultra cold atoms. This allows for unprecedented study of fundamental quantum processes and their correlations.
Scientists have discovered a new type of memory effect in transition metal oxides, which could lead to breakthroughs in security technology. The phenomenon allows for the creation of multiple memories in a single physical space, making it potentially useful for secure data storage and encryption.
Researchers from UPV/EHU-University of the Basque Country and Boulder group successfully designed a robust 2-ion quantum logic gate that operates in a microsecond. This breakthrough could lead to advancements in quantum technology, including secure communications.
Scientists found that small nanoparticles, even those as small as 1.8 nm, can dramatically improve the properties of polymer materials. This is because smaller particles interact with fewer polymer segments, allowing for new properties such as improved temperature resistance and faster viscosity changes.
Using toroidal droplets, scientists at Georgia Tech develop new understanding of shape changes in biological materials. The findings could improve fuel injectors and chemical processes dependent on droplet formation.
Researchers have discovered 12 new photoanodes that can split water using sunlight, a significant step towards creating practical solar fuels. The new materials discovery pipeline promises to speed up the development of commercially viable solar fuels.
Researchers developed a high-throughput method to identify new photoanode materials, doubling the number of compounds with potential for use in solar fuels. The approach combines computational and experimental approaches, revealing how to 'tune' properties to make better photoanodes.
Scientists have identified three potential light elements - hydrogen, silicon, and sulfur - that could make up the remaining 5% of the Earth's core. These findings are based on experiments simulating the core's extreme conditions and matching them with seismological observations.
A study by the UPV/EHU and University of Bologna has resolved a discrepancy in a biological system through accurate characterization using microwave spectroscopy. The research targets the 2-hydroxypyridine/2-pyridone model system, where different structures coexist under the same molecular formula.
A UNC research team found that GRE scores don't forecast productivity or success in graduate programs within the experimental sciences. The study recommends devaluing or eliminating the GRE from applications for biomedical PhD candidates, citing a stronger correlation between graduation rates and first-author publications.
Physicists have predicted the existence of a short-lived tetraneutron, a particle consisting of four neutrons, with a lifetime of 5×10<sup>−22</sup> sec. Theoretical computations based on new interactions and supercomputer simulations correlate with experimental findings and suggest unprecedented properties.
Researchers discovered unusual phenomena in a single cerium hexaboride crystal, exceeding theoretical expectations and sparking new research directions. The study offers a way to test the validity of accepted scientific theories, emphasizing the importance of recognizing fundamental results over practical applications.
Researchers found that closely bonded mongooses are more likely to help attack snakes, improving survival chances for friends. Strong social bonds provide key anti-predator benefits, increasing the likelihood of being helped in the future.
Carl M. Bender was awarded the 2017 Dannie Heineman Prize for Mathematical Physics for his development of PT symmetry theory in quantum systems. This theory has generated profound new mathematics and impacted broad areas of experimental physics, inspiring generations of mathematical physicists.
Researchers create a closed-loop system to test their proposed method, which is a better fit for how humans actually behave compared to traditional models. The new model uses fractional order calculus to describe human operator behavior, providing a unified and formalized description.
Scientists investigate how water flows near superhydrophobic surfaces, finding that liquids can exhibit unusual properties like hydrodynamic slip. The research uses an atomic-force microscope to measure the slip length and develop new theories for these systems.
A new measurement tool, developed by York University researchers, measures the spreading of liquid drops on surfaces. The study suggests that an advanced swimsuit could reduce fluid resistance underwater, potentially helping athletes achieve better times.
Researchers aim to develop a recipe for solving runaway electron problems using simulations and data from worldwide experiments. The Simulation Center for Runaway Electron Avoidance and Mitigation will explore causes and solutions for relativistic runaway electrons traveling at nearly the speed of light.
A team of theoretical chemists at Queen's University compared experimental and theoretical methods for interpreting the rotational-vibrational CH5+ spectra. They were able to develop a new assignment of the experimental results, reducing errors from 30 cm-1 to 2 cm-1.
A team of engineers and physicists at the University of Wisconsin-Madison created a compound that combines polar and metallic properties, defying scientific conventions. The new material exhibits both insulating and conducting properties, paving the way for devices with simultaneous electrical, magnetic, and optical functions.
Scientists at the University of Helsinki and Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology have successfully grown iron nanoparticles in a cubic shape. The researchers used a mathematical model to understand the mechanisms behind this phenomenon, which is thermodynamically unexpected.
New research from the University of Chicago Booth School of Business suggests that people are more likely to opt for inferior gifts if it maximizes overall benefits for themselves and their loved ones. In a series of experiments, researchers found that participants prioritized total benefits over selflessness when making decisions abou...
Recent epigenetics research highlights molecular mechanisms influencing gene expression through socioenvironmental factors. Big data raises concerns over immortalized participant data, privacy, and anonymity, prompting recommendations for strengthening ethical consent practices.
A team at Osaka University has successfully demonstrated experimental evidence and theoretical calculations to show that Coulomb blockade occurs on two-dimensional organic conducting polymer films. This breakthrough could revolutionize our understanding and design properties of organic and molecular devices.
EPFL scientists have identified a new class of topological insulators, with bismuth iodide as the first representative material. Its atomic structure is unique and has fewer natural defects than previously known materials.
The study found that the ant species Pseudomyrmex dendroicus provides its exclusive host Triplaris americana with significant protection against herbivory and disease. The ants patrol their hosts during both day and night, aggressively attacking any herbivores they encounter.
Research by Ravi Mehta shows that scarcity leads to increased product-use creativity without compromising appropriateness. In contrast, abundant resources may negatively impact creativity. Mehta's findings suggest that marketers should activate a general sense of scarcity to promote innovation.
Fischbach's work on the Eötvös Experiment led to a reevaluation of data suggesting a possible new force in the universe. Despite no experimental confirmation, his theory has stimulated novel experiments and theories, including the quest for new macroscopic fields of gravitational strength.
A team of researchers from Harvard University explored evaporative patterning transitions and discovered a simple mechanism behind drying-induced residue formations. By controlling the dynamics of evaporation, they can obtain specific types of residues while avoiding others.
A new theory suggests that dark matter could be composed of electrically charged constituents that interact with ordinary matter in the early universe. This 'stealthy' dark matter would have been easy to detect at high temperatures but is now difficult to see due to its compositeness and confinement.
Researchers have discovered that vertically aligned carbon nanotubes (VACNTs) can be used to capture and store greenhouse gases like carbon dioxide and sulfur dioxide more effectively than traditional adsorption materials. The study found that adjusting the morphological parameters of VACNTs can significantly impact gas adsorption.
A team of researchers is using advanced computational models to better understand multiphase flows in porous media. They aim to improve carbon sequestration, mitigate climate change, and optimize energy extraction. By analyzing data from experiments and simulations, the team is developing a multiscale framework to model complex systems.
Researchers develop a new theory that describes how a knot's topology determines its mechanical forces, providing guidelines for choosing certain knot configurations. The theory accurately predicts the force needed to close a knot, given its topology and strand properties.