Articles tagged with Social Ethics
Digital contact tracing apps face challenges due to uncertainties about awareness, privacy risks and effectiveness. An adaptive governance framework is proposed as a solution to address these concerns and promote public engagement, technical, legal and ethical oversight.
The study aims to assess the prevalence and attitudes towards workplace genomic testing in diverse workplaces, as well as employees' interest and objections to such testing. The research team will analyze employers' perspectives, employee responses, and potential issues related to genetic privacy and discrimination.
Researcher Elizabeth Phillips studies how humans respond to norm violations in robot teams, investigating context-sensitive tradeoffs between rule-based and role-based responses. She aims to develop models that facilitate role-based responses and promote ethical benefits in natural language generation algorithms.
Anand Devaiah, MD, delivers virtual Conley Lecture on Medical Ethics at the AAOHNS Annual Meeting, discussing social determinants of health. He emphasizes the importance of addressing these factors in healthcare to achieve better health equity.
The new issue of Daedalus explores climate change through personal narratives from scientists, doctors, and social scientists. Witnessing professionals describe their paths into climate-related work and the need to move beyond disciplinary boundaries.
A recent study found that individuals with Republican leanings tend to support the use of nuclear and conventional weapons against enemy civilians and combatants. This partisan divide in views on violence is linked to underlying attitudes towards immigrants, gun rights, and abortion, according to researchers.
The City, University of London report emphasizes the need for social responsibility in STEM curricula and education. It proposes a range of calls to action to promote socially responsible STEM professionals, including establishing national policy centers, setting data ethics standards, and assigning leaders to drive the agenda.
The essay offers guidance on how to ethically allocate scarce health goods and services during the Covid-19 pandemic. The authors recommend a 'World War II-style mobilization' to project urgently needed resources and ensure fair distribution of scarce resources, prioritizing marginalized populations.
The development of neural-digital interfaces raises concerns about equality, identity, security, privacy, and access. The roundtable explores societal and ethical issues surrounding these technologies.
The book explores the social and ethical implications of gene editing on human germline cells, including its impact on relationships between parents and children, health, normalcy, and well-being. Leading thinkers weigh in on the potential risks and benefits of this revolutionary technology.
A new study reveals that people on the political left (Democrats and liberals) prioritize equity over proportionality, while those on the right (Republicans and conservatives) focus more on effort. The research also finds a shared concern for meritocracy and the 'Protestant work ethic' across both groups.
A new publication provides recommendations for policy makers to support organ and tissue donation in patients who choose medical assistance in dying or withdrawal of life-sustaining measures. The guidelines emphasize the importance of protecting patient autonomy, ensuring consent is informed and withdrawn at any time.
A commentary published in the Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine warns that removing explicit ethics and values from NICE's revised Social Value Judgements document undermines the organization's innovative approach. Experts argue that this revision leaves patients and clinicians struggling to understand NICE's decisions.
A global moratorium on heritable genome editing is proposed by a group of international scientists and ethicists due to safety concerns and the need for societal consensus. The proposal aims to establish an international framework and provide time for public discussions before germline editing is permitted.
The American College of Physicians has released a new edition of its Ethics Manual, providing guidance on complex issues in medicine. The updated manual covers topics such as precision medicine, genetic testing, telemedicine, and end-of-life care, offering practical advice for clinicians, educators, researchers, and policymakers.
A new study finds that high-status individuals increasingly prioritize sustainable and ethical foods over traditional gourmet options. Those who consider themselves both foodies and ethical eaters tend to have higher socioeconomic status, with many earning over $100,000.
The Mathematical Association of America (MAA) recognizes Tom Leinster for his outstanding expository article 'Rethinking Set Theory' with the MAA Chauvenet Prize. Cathy O'Neill wins the MAA Euler Book Prize for her book 'Weapons of Math Destruction', tackling data science's social and political implications.
Agricultural technology is transforming food production, but responsible innovation is crucial to address potential environmental, ethical, and social costs. Researchers argue that policy-makers, funders, and innovators must consider the impacts on farming communities and wider society.
A study by North Carolina State University found that the ACM code of ethics has no impact on software developers' decision-making. Researchers presented 11 ethical scenarios to 168 participants, with and without prior exposure to the code of ethics, and found no significant difference in responses.
Researchers found that American journalists tend to trust the actions of their co-workers more than those from other news outlets, and believe they act unethically less frequently. The study's findings suggest ways for newsrooms and writers to improve ethical actions.
A study by Daniel Gilbert and colleagues found that as the prevalence of a problem is reduced, humans naturally redefine the problem itself. This can lead to missing the fact that the problem has been solved. The phenomenon was demonstrated in several experiments using different types of problems, including blue dots and faces.
Philosopher Prof. Dr Michael Quante warns against 'drifting into state terrorism' due to modern weapon systems and ambiguity in the concept of peace. He advocates for honest discussion about war and peace, clearly naming interests pursued by warfare, and remembering the 'just war' doctrine.
The Life Sciences - Life Writing research training group will receive EUR 2.2 million in funding to explore the correlation between new biomedicine developments and human boundary experiences. The program aims to generate alternative perspectives on what it means to be human, combining natural sciences, medicine, and humanities.
A special section in Perspectives in Biology and Medicine examines the newest and most complex issues surrounding stem cells. The issue includes essays on the potential impacts of using a person's own stem cells on patients, health-care systems, and the public trust in science and medicine.
Research reveals that Chinese young people buy counterfeit products based on cultural influences, with some viewing it as a way to express anti-corporate ideology and prudence. The study found four types of consumers: victim brand illiterates, larkers, anti-corporate activists, and status matchers.
A Baylor University study found that employees who believe they are more ethical than coworkers experience negative emotions, which can lead to mistreatment and exclusion of those workers. The research highlights the importance of considering ethics and performance when rewarding employees.
A new study finds that most US and Canadian hunt management plans do not adhere to science-based approaches, lacking hallmarks like measurable objectives and independent review. The study highlights the need for agencies to adopt science-based management to improve natural resource management.
Research by University of Huddersfield professor Brid Featherstone highlights the importance of allowing adopted children closer ties with their birth families, citing potential identity issues and emotional consequences for adoptive parents. The report calls for a review of UK adoption law to consider more open approaches.
A new study by Michigan Technological University proposes principles for resolving conservation conflicts that also consider social justice. The principles focus on three key values: equality, need, and desert, which aim to balance human well-being with environmental protection.
A recent study by Lehigh University identifies key principles for responsible short-term global health activities, emphasizing the need for host partner control, sustainability, and respect for governance standards. The study aims to address criticisms of volunteer trips in underserved communities.
Researchers found that social role, not causal influence, determines blame distribution in real life. The study tested this assumption in an online experiment with 209 test participants and found that bosses received more criticism than employees even when they didn't make the decision.
A Baylor University study found that women in PR are more likely to form coalitions and seek backup from colleagues before offering ethics counsel, whereas men tend to use rational approaches. This highlights the importance of building relationships for effective communication and avoiding whistleblowing.
Indiana University research finds that corporate compliance programs are often ineffective, leading to a culture of silence and widespread corruption. The study identifies eight rationalizations used by offenders to justify their actions, highlighting the need for evidence-based strategies to curb bad behavior.
A new study by University of Vermont researchers shows that employees are more likely to engage in green behavior and local volunteerism if their boss is perceived as ethically responsible. However, this engagement declines significantly if the boss displays poor ethics.
The Precision Medicine Initiative raises concerns about protecting participant data and balancing health needs across sociocultural groups. Research on life extension also sparks debates over its necessity and potential economic and social impacts.
A new special issue of Big Data highlights the risks associated with big data, including discrimination, lack of diversity, and bias. The issue discusses strategies for making decision-making 'discrimination-aware' and emphasizes the importance of considering ethical issues in model development.
A Baylor University study found that Millennials pursuing PR careers are unprepared to address moral dilemmas, citing a lack of workplace training and mentorship. The study recommends requiring ethics courses, providing in-workplace training, and promoting senior practitioners' experiences to equip Millennials for their roles.
Regulatory agencies struggle to balance public concerns with their authority, as society demands clearer guidelines for advanced technologies like gene editing. Arizona State University expert Gary Marchant proposes incorporating ethical and social aspects into regulations.
The ethics of gene editing is being explored in a session at the AAAS annual meeting, examining concerns beyond safety, such as modifying the human germline, parental relationships, and respect for persons with disability. Experts will discuss new technologies and their social and ethical implications.
A multidisciplinary group of stakeholders developed guidance materials to address concerns around neurotechnologies, prioritizing patient safety and societal benefits. The workshop emphasized the need for proactive discussions on ethics, social values, and governance.
A comprehensive analysis of 77 studies found no difference in the work ethic between baby boomers, Generation X, and Millennials. The findings suggest that organizational initiatives targeting generational differences may be unwarranted.
The Hastings Center Report explores the implications of precision medicine on ethics and society. The article highlights how the term change from 'personalized' to 'precision' medicine brings new ethical and social concerns, including promoting medical paternalism. It also discusses the risks of stigmatizing certain populations and pri...
Researchers at Bielefeld University developed an active chair as part of the KogniHome project, which uses a virtual avatar to lead family members in fitness exercises. The chair measures physical parameters like respiration and heart rate while monitoring healthy posture.
The Johns Hopkins Berman Institute of Bioethics will lead a university-wide team studying the ethical, legal and social implications of applying genomics to infectious diseases. The grant establishes a Specialized CEER with over $4 million in funding to explore genomic ELSI issues in infectious disease.
The NIH will fund four new research projects exploring the use of genomic information in infectious disease prevention and treatment, as well as its impact on privacy and communication. The projects will also examine genomics' effects on American Indian and Alaskan Native communities.
The Hastings Center has launched a three-year project to examine the fundamental questions of using gene editing in humans, including its impact on human flourishing and core values. The project aims to develop new scholarship, equips journalists, and prepares teachers to engage with these issues.
The article recommends ways to manage value conflicts and promote patient engagement in clinical care, health care organizations, public health, regulation, and among payers. It proposes strategies such as advance community-based participatory research, facilitating patient and community involvement in learning health systems, and gath...
The US medical community will play a key role in determining the ethically acceptable path forward for clinical application of mitochondrial replacement techniques (MRTs). MRTs aim to prevent certain debilitating diseases related to mutated mitochondrial DNA by replacing a mother's mtDNA with that of another woman. The first use of MRT...
A new study suggests that multinational companies have a growing responsibility to support sustainable development, driven by changing societal expectations. The research, published in the Journal of World Business, tracks changes in corporate social responsibility (CSR) over 50 years.
A study by Kansas State University found that millennials prefer ethical chocolate but only make a small percentage of purchases based on these values. The majority of participants expressed strong preferences for clean labels and minimal concern for ethical factors in their choice behavior.
Scholars Lawrence O. Gostin and Anna E. Roberts examine state laws surrounding physician-assisted death, highlighting concerns over coercion, devaluation of human life, and potential abuse. They advocate for stricter safeguards to ensure the practice remains consistent with social and ethical thought.
The Quebec law allows medical aid in dying only for people at end-of-life, with a prognosis of six months or less left to the physician's judgment. Vulnerable groups, such as those with depression, may be disproportionately affected by this restrictive approach.
The new online-only journal focuses on interdisciplinary discussion and debate in reproductive biomedicine, including its societal and cultural implications. The first issue covers a symposium of research on the history of the first IVF births.
A study published by the Society for Personality and Social Psychology suggests that anticipating ethical temptations can decrease the likelihood of unethical behavior. Participants who anticipated temptation were less likely to engage in dishonest behavior and more likely to maintain consistency with their long-term goals and moral se...
A landmark report outlines seven projects to address global food security's complex ethical issues, including redefining farming as a service-oriented profession and developing climate-smart agriculture. The '7 by 5 Agenda' aims to make progress on divisive issues in the next five years.
A recent study from UH Case Medical Center examines the effects of social media on mental health care and treatment. Doctors and patients often blur the lines of their relationships, with social media research helping to prevent injury in some cases.
The Leverhulme Interdisciplinary Network on Cybersecurity and Society (LINCS) brings together researchers from two world-class centres to explore the growing area of cyber security. Researchers will examine the knock-on effects on society, including legal, ethical and cultural implications.
A study of media stories and press releases related to Toyota's recalls found that failing to acknowledge ethical lapses led to significant damage to the company's reputation. The analysis showed that Toyota was more likely to attribute the crisis to accidental errors, while the print media reported on preventive action that could have...
A new study by Alain Cohn, Ernst Fehr, and Michel Maréchal found that bank employees are not inherently more dishonest than those in other industries. The study suggests that the banking sector's business culture, which implicitly favors dishonest behavior, is a significant contributor to the industry's reputational loss.
A study in Journal of Consumer Research finds that consumers who prioritize ethics make choices based on emotions such as anger, concern, and joy. Ethical consumerism can be fueled by these sentiments to encourage more responsible habits.