Articles tagged with Sociopolitical Systems
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
A Baylor University study found that generous individuals are socially rejected and ostracized, even when their contributions benefit the group. Group members punish these 'big givers' through a points system, despite it not making sense on the surface, highlighting the power of social norms.
OU researchers will collaborate on a $20 million NSF EPSCoR grant to advance understanding of socio-ecological systems in Oklahoma. The project aims to develop a statewide socio-ecological observatory network, a forecasting system, and a decision-support system to address climate change and variability.
Researchers at Nanyang Technological University (NTU) have developed a social media-based system called Mo-Buzz that can predict where and when dengue might occur. The system combines historical data on weather and dengue incidents with real-time reports from the public, allowing authorities to respond quickly and accurately.
China experiences a significant increase in Alzheimer's cases from 1.93m in 1990 to 5.69m in 2010, highlighting the need for improved awareness and resources to tackle this growing public health issue. The study suggests that global estimates of Alzheimer's disease may need revision upwards by at least 5 million cases, or almost 20%.
Helbing's research reveals that global networks can amplify vulnerability to disasters, making it difficult to predict and control complex systems. By redesigning these networks with real-time data, we can enhance transparency, adaptive control, and mitigate catastrophic failures.
A study published in Psychological Science reveals that perceived stability in relationship status can lead to normative idealization, influencing how people treat others. This bias affects both single and coupled individuals, with same-status treatment being more common.
A new study uses mathematical modeling to predict burglary patterns in urban areas, identifying hotspots and potential preventive measures. By analyzing spatio-temporal patterns of crime, the authors provide a method to track social and economic conditions of neighborhoods over time.
The A.J. Drexel Autism Institute will focus on research strategies that address the impact of autism throughout an individual's lifespan, including prevention, intervention, and community approaches. The institute aims to develop effective solutions to reduce morbidity and disability associated with autism.
Researchers call for linking guideline development and policy development to improve global health systems guidance. A panel can ensure output is used for both policy and guidance development, addressing complexity of health systems and contexts.
A study by Brown University researchers found that voter identification requirements have a negative impact on voting participation among Blacks and Hispanics, but boost turnout among Asians. The authors suggest that attention should be focused on the contexts of participation faced by each group.
A study published in the Canadian Journal of Cardiology found that patients with lower socioeconomic status were 16% more likely to die from a heart attack. Despite equal access to advanced healthcare, socioeconomic factors still had a negative impact on health outcomes.
Professor John Ashton's essay in The Lancet argues the Health and Social Care Bill will recreate the divide between those who can afford healthcare and the poor. He calls on NHS managers and ministers to listen to his concerns about the bill's impact on public health.
A University of Missouri expert argues that social workers should return to the juvenile corrections system, citing their specialized qualifications as counselors and facilitators. This could lead to a more rehabilitative approach, with an emphasis on addressing youth offenders' mental health and social issues.
The Air Force Office of Scientific Research awarded approximately $18 million in grants to 48 young scientists and engineers with exceptional research abilities. The recipients will conduct basic research over a 3-5 year period, fostering creative research and early career development.
A new science rigorously evaluates the effectiveness of team training in improving safety, decision-making, and communication. The study shows that training can produce results and improve clinical outcomes.
The article highlights the importance of social sciences in Health Policy and Systems Research (HPSR), emphasizing approaches to generalization, policy learning, and enhanced research quality. Social science perspectives are vital for acknowledging the complex nature of health policies and systems.
The Unified Health System (SUS) has been a key development in improving access to healthcare in Brazil. Despite improvements, the country faces aging population, rising obesity rates, and uneven distribution of healthcare services.
The May issue of JAMIA features research on protecting provider identities during disease surveillance, rapid outbreak detection, and disparities in internet patient portal use in diabetes. The study highlights the importance of understanding people's information needs and social networks in improving healthcare services.
A University of Louisville professor is developing a statistical model that can help determine what prolongs cancer-free survival. The new multi-state model analyzes how diseases progress from one stage to another, allowing for broad inspection of patient patterns and data collection.
A group of public health experts suggest an alternative way forward for reforming public health in England, proposing the creation of an independent authority within the NHS. This would allow for more control over budgets and a unified workforce, reducing political interference and promoting staff unity and morale.
Archaeologist C. Michael Barton is revolutionizing the field of archaeological modeling by integrating new methods with a radical shift in thought. His research suggests that even small communities can experience significant environmental impacts from practices like shifting cultivation and grazing.
Despite associated risks, newborns of older moms (45+ years) can overcome complications, research from Tel Aviv University reveals. The study found that most older women deliver healthy children with minimal health risks affecting the baby after three days.
A centralized reference pool could help employers and workers by providing a legal safe harbor for employees and allowing them access to references while also enabling recourse through a neutral third party. This system would promote the flow of accurate information with low transaction costs, making labor markets more efficient.
The new fog warning system provides reliable services and saves socio-economic costs, with a forecasted cost-benefit ratio of 9.4, indicating it pays itself back ten times over within ten years. The system has demonstrated minimal service breaks and real-time functionality.
A new study finds that American friends are more likely to share intimate details of their lives with each other compared to Japanese friends. This disparity may be attributed to the different social systems in the two countries, particularly the utility of investing in relationships through self-disclosure.
Rensselaer researchers discovered that delayed communication in networks can lead to a decline in performance, even if initial coordination is increased. The study's findings have implications for various network systems, including computer networks and social media.
A University of Florida researcher found that acetaminophen alleviates social pain from hurt feelings, suggesting an interrelation between physical and emotional pain. Participants who took acetaminophen daily for three weeks reported fewer emotional sufferings and less brain activity linked to social rejection.
The importance of full reproductive and sexual health rights cannot be overstated when it comes to achieving international health goals aimed at improving maternal health. Access to family planning resources, including contraception and abortion, is vital for women's empowerment and control over their lives.
National health systems play a crucial role in making progress in global health, according to Julio Frenk. Strengthening these systems can improve performance by addressing leadership, institutions, systems design, and technologies.
A study published in the Journal of Vision found that androgynous faces with lowered eyebrows and tight lips were misinterpreted as male, while smiles and raised eyebrows labeled a face feminine. The research suggests equivalent levels of anger are perceived as more intense when shown by men rather than women.
A study published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences has identified a genetic link between physical pain sensitivity and social rejection. Researchers found that individuals with a rare form of the OPRM1 gene are more sensitive to rejection and experience increased brain activity in response to rejection.
Elinor Ostrom suggests a diagnostic tool to help scholars frame the question and think through variables in complex social-ecological systems. The framework provides guidance for researchers and policymakers to analyze diversely structured markets and hierarchies.
Researchers used a demographic and economic model to evaluate the effect of immigration on the Spanish pensions system, finding that immigrant contributions will exceed native-born contributions by 2055. The study predicts a more pronounced increase in fertility rates among migrants, leading to a decline in pension loads.
The new NHS Evidence service provides a fast and efficient web-based search facility to access a wide range of information on various topics. It also has a commissioning function to ensure knowledge gaps are filled and to provide central purchasing of online journals for staff in the National Health Service (NHS) in England.
A systematic review found that homeless people in the US, UK, mainland Europe, and Australia have higher rates of mental health problems than the general population. The editorial argues that 'imaginative and collaborative solutions' are needed to address these complex needs.
A new study of 21 countries reveals that public attitudes toward government involvement in health care vary widely, but ultimately support a role for the state in ensuring access. The findings suggest that any major overhaul of health care systems is unlikely due to cultural and historical factors.
A Dutch study finds that expanding communities and municipalities leads to a 'dilution' of citizen protests, with densely populated areas experiencing more opposition against disappearing green spaces. Concerned citizens are often well-educated and personally invested in the areas affected.
Researchers Dekel, Jackson, and Wolinsky analyze the economics of election year promises, finding that direct vote buying involves lower costs, while campaign promises lead to higher payments for voters. The study provides insight into election strategy and its economic implications.
A RAND study reveals California's basic tracking system architecture allows for close student progress follow-up but faces political and financial barriers. Implementing a comprehensive student unit record data system could improve policies and enhance student outcomes.
A study by Craig Thompson and Kelly Tian investigates the interrelationships between commercial mythmaking and the reshaping of popular memories in the South. The researchers focus on two prominent New South mythmakers who seek to ideologically reconstruct the historical legacy of antebellum, confederate, and segregationist South. They...
Researchers synthesized natural and social sciences to understand coupled human and natural systems, revealing complexities in environmental and socioeconomic patterns. The study emphasizes the need for specialization easing up to develop feasible policies for effective solutions to complex problems.
The study reveals that areas with well-defined property rights show substantial forest regeneration, while insecure property rights lead to deforestation. The research highlights the complex relationship between human population density and deforestation in Madagascan tropical forests.
Research suggests that heightened risk taking during adolescence is driven by conflicting brain systems. The socioemotional system becomes more assertive during puberty, while the cognitive-control system matures later. This leads to a vulnerability window in teens where impulsive behavior can be triggered.
Scientists used a magic trick to investigate how magicians manipulate our perception by exploiting social cues and expectations. They found that observers perceived the ball leaving the magician's hand due to cues from the magician's head direction, but not when it was no longer present in the illusion.
New radiocarbon dating reveals Maui's temples were built in cycles with warfare and island consolidation, shifting from open-air ancestral worship to elaborate sacrificial offerings. The findings provide insight into the economic, political, and ritual development of ancient Hawaiian civilization.
This study found that online file-sharing communities, like Napster, exhibit self-imposed rules and symbolisms, similar to traditional gift systems. Online networks have a greater scale and non-sacrificial gifts, providing an alternative consumer-centric model of contemporary gift-giving.
The article examines three common Social Security reform proposals and their impact on vulnerable women. The analysis reveals that privatization proposals fail to cover significant numbers of poor women, while benefits tied to U.S. residency or simple Social Security eligibility are more effective at protecting them.
A recent study by Scott W. Allard found that the welfare-to-work system is struggling to meet the needs of growing areas of poverty, which are increasingly geographically dispersed. The mismatch between service providers and populations in need may worsen under work-first welfare policies.
The Virginia Tech National Bioinformatics Resource Center will focus on Brucella, Caliciviruses, hepatitis A, Rabiesvirus, and Coxiella burnetii/Rickettsias. The center will enable researchers to access, analyze, and study molecular data for these infectious diseases.
Researchers found that nearly one-quarter of hospitalized individuals with current alcohol use disorders had undetected diagnoses, and only half of detected cases received intervention or treatment referral. The study highlights the need for routine screening and education among medical professionals to address this issue.
Research suggests that social structures in insects like bees and ants emerge from group interactions, with patterns of behavior creating complexity. This idea challenges the conventional view that social characteristics are programmed by genes, proposing instead that adaptation follows the development of networks.
A recent study by Kansas State University researchers found that birds cheat on their mates to avoid inbreeding and increase genetic diversity. In a collaborative study of three shore bird species, the team discovered that infidelity rates are significantly lower than those observed in songbirds.
Adam Davis's work focuses on integrating economic value into land conservation for private landowners, using current regulations to drive the economic value of conservation. Companies are finding that investing in protected environments is not only good for the Earth but also a sound financial investment.
Researchers found that Tsavo lions live in large groups of females ruled by a single male, with an average of 7.4 adult females per group. The study suggests that the lions' manelessness may be an adaptation to their hot and dry environment.
Researchers developed a conflict early warning system to predict instability in countries like Afghanistan and Pakistan. The tool uses numerical scores based on civil contention, state repression, and violence to indicate a country's stability.
Researchers found that viewers who watched uncivil debates on TV showed more negative attitudes toward Congress, politicians, and the American political system. Civility in debates had a positive impact on viewer recall of arguments, but hostile exchanges led to de-legitimization of opposing opinions.
The Pittsburgh Supercomputing Center will develop a six-teraflop terascale system, making it the most powerful available for public research. The system, part of NSF's PACI program, aims to facilitate progress in various fields, including climate change and weather forecasting.
A team of researchers at Sandia National Laboratories has developed an intelligent software agent that can defend itself and other computers against cyber attacks. The agent uses a multi-agent collective approach to detect and respond to unusual requests or commands, providing real-time protection against various types of threats.
Applause dynamics studied using physics principles reveal social self-organization and synchronization processes. Researchers found that individual clapping frequencies play a crucial role in achieving synchronization, leading to increased volume and decreased noise intensity.
UT Southwestern Medical Center investigators have developed a rare case of familial filicide in which twin sisters tried to kill their own children. A new classification system, identifying 16 subtypes of filicide, aims to aid understanding and strategies for prevention.