Articles tagged with Sociopolitical Systems
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
A new study by UCL academics found that people from smaller cities are twice as likely to migrate than those from larger cities. The research revealed that the size of origin and destination cities significantly impact migration behavior.
Researchers highlight need for emergency video calling systems with careful camera control, sequencing, and replay functionality to address benefits of video calls in overcoming call-taker challenges and providing valuable contextual information.
Researchers identified specific parameters required to manage a conflict-prone system, which can be controlled to create conditions for preventing social conflicts. The model uses diffusion equations to simulate social systems' behavior and identifies characteristic stable modes of functioning.
Male cheetahs employ two space use tactics: floaters roam over vast areas and territory holders mark and defend small territories. Females use home ranges with sizes between those of territory holders and floaters, highlighting the need for huge natural areas to conserve these cats.
The ancient Rapa Nui people used a parbuckling technique to transport massive stone hats (pukao) onto statues, weighing up to 12 metric tons. The analysis of pukao shapes reveals physical constraints associated with transport, supporting the idea that Rapa Nui people were ingenious in their use of resources.
Researchers at University of Toronto design an algorithm to dynamically disrupt facial recognition systems, protecting users' privacy. The 'privacy filter' alters specific pixels in images to make changes imperceptible to the human eye, fooling facial detection AI.
Two commentaries in JACM question whether colonial models devalue traditional and complementary practices. Researchers Heather Boon and Nadine Ijaz argue that biomedical dominance subordinates indigenous knowledge systems, while Editor-in-Chief John Weeks emphasizes the need for re-examining harmful limits of biomedicine's approach.
A Sandia study found that shared fates and experiences in a community can help it withstand changes to water availability due to climate change. The social fabric of the community, or sense of cohesion, is a crucial factor contributing to its resilience.
A new model forecasts that nearly 25% of elderly Japanese women will be impoverished, while only about 10% of men will face the same issue. The current pension system is expected to fail these women due to unfavorable benefits and higher risk of living in single-person households.
Health experts debate the importance of asking patients about their sexual orientation to improve services for non-heterosexual patients. While some argue that it's necessary for fair healthcare, others believe it's an invasion of privacy and should be left up to individual judgement.
A new framework describes the complex dynamics of the illicit wildlife trade by combining biological, anthropological and socioeconomic data to provide a holistic picture of the problem. This framework can help practitioners untangle the complexities underlying the wildlife trade.
A new study in the American Journal of Preventive Medicine found that older adults are more likely to disclose suicidal thoughts as they age, especially those with chronic pain, diagnosed illness, social isolation, and recent mental health care. Researchers identified four key interventions to prevent suicide among older adults.
Researchers at Utah State University are improving the HydroShare online system for storing and sharing hydrological data. The system, which will also be used to archive flooding and precipitation data from Hurricanes Harvey and Irma, aims to facilitate collaboration among scientists.
Researchers propose a 'sociotechnical' framework to accelerate low-carbon transitions by aligning innovations and systems, focusing on socio-technical systems rather than individual elements. This is critical to achieve the goals of decarbonizing and saving energy faster, further, and more flexibly.
The National Science Foundation has awarded $13 million to nine researchers studying socioecological system dynamics related to livelihoods, human migration and landscape evolution. The grants will help understand the complex interactions between humans and natural systems in deltas globally.
Researchers developed a methodology to analyze the interplay between social and technical aspects of energy systems. By integrating data from various variables, they found that occupancy and energy consumption were influenced by factors such as indoor temperature and perceived air quality.
The University of Pennsylvania is launching a new training program for state and local governments to develop integrated data systems, enabling more effective policy analysis. The program will assist 10 jurisdictions in developing governance processes, legal frameworks, and data plans.
Germany's health system has proven remarkably resilient, but faces challenges such as overtreatment and continuity of care issues. The country has the potential to be a strong partner in global health research, but must increase its financial commitment and expertise.
A study led by NYU's Steinhardt School found that believing the system is fair predicts lower self-esteem, risky behaviors, and decreased classroom attention in middle school students. This reversal occurs over time as youth become more aware of structural barriers and inequities.
The number of people aged over 65 needing care is projected to reach 2.8 million by 2025, with dementia set to become the biggest growing cause of disability. Effective disease prevention measures and increased investment in health and social care are needed to address this growing burden.
Researchers propose a smart system to reduce long queues at certain roundabout approaches, using magnetic detection devices under the road surface to activate traffic metering signals. The system can delay and length of vehicle lines up by up to 60% while also reducing pollutant emissions as motorists stop less frequently.
A team of NYU anthropologists analyzed 140 primate species and found that brain size is predicted by diet, not sociality. Frugivores and frugivore/folivores exhibit significantly larger brains than folivores.
Researchers analyzed Wikipedia bots' interactions on 13 language editions over ten years, finding they behave differently in culturally distinct environments. Bots often engage in 'sterile fights' lasting years or reaching deadlock, with conflicts triggered later than human reverts.
Life expectancies in developed countries are projected to continue increasing, with South Korean women potentially surpassing 90 years old by 2030. The study predicts significant gains in life expectancy for men and women in several countries, including Australia, France, Japan, and the UK.
Researchers found that NHS performance data showed clear evidence of health system failures, including missed targets and staff shortages. The analysis suggests that the cuts resulted in a substantial increase in mortality, particularly among older populations.
A recent study on Reddit found that a small group of voters can significantly impact the content users see, with up-voted posts receiving a higher final score and being more likely to reach the front page. The study highlights the importance of understanding how social rating systems curate media in our daily lives.
A team of Mexican scientists used tennis, chess, golf, poker, and football performances to identify universal features in hierarchical structure creation. They found that ranking hierarchies may be driven by the same underlying generic mechanisms as rank formation, regardless of sport characteristics.
A new study by Michigan State University researchers found that Supreme Court justices are less likely to side with briefs using flashy adjectives and emotionally charged language. Using minimal emotional language increases a petitioner's chances of winning by 29%, while respondents can win with certainty when using objective tone.
A recent study published in the Journal for Healthcare Quality found that Democrats and Republicans have different views on the quality of healthcare, but those with recent illnesses had similar experiences. The research suggests that political differences in opinions about government regulation may contribute to these disparities.
A new study suggests that US prisons continue to grow even as crime rates decline, mainly due to the increasing number of repeat offenders. The average offender now has a more extensive criminal record than in the past, making it harder for judges to give alternative sentences.
The study found that despite progress toward universal coverage, citizens still reported gaps in primary care organization, financing, and delivery in six Latin American and Caribbean countries. People with better experiences at the primary care level were less likely to say their health system needed major reforms.
Researchers at the Weizmann Institute of Science identified a stress mechanism that regulates social behavior in mice, determining their willingness to form new relationships. The findings suggest that similar mechanisms may operate in humans, potentially informing treatments for social anxiety and other disorders.
The study found a weighted prevalence of diabetes among US adolescents aged 12 to 19 years to be 0.8 percent, with 29 percent being undiagnosed. Prediabetes was more common in males than females and varied significantly across ethnic groups.
Researchers investigated how infants process others' actions and found that brain activity in the motor system predicts imitation of others' actions. The study provides evidence for intelligent social behavior in infants as young as 7 months old, shedding light on neural processes contributing to this complex behavior.
Children with lower socio-economic status have reduced access to neurology visits and increased emergency department visits due to transportation and employment barriers. These disparities highlight the need for additional support to reduce costly hospitalizations and improve specialist care access.
Research reveals that older individuals with lower cognitive abilities are more likely to be deterred by upfront costs when considering retirement savings products like annuities. This leads to a decrease in demand for these products and may impact the financial security of Baby Boomers as they age.
A study by University of British Columbia researchers reveals that envy plays a significant role in driving Facebook posts and negatively impacting users' mental well-being. Envy-induced behavior, fueled by unrealistic social media portrayals, can create a cycle of jealousy and self-importance.
A study from the University of Houston found that playing an additional year of adaptive sport is associated with a 4% increase in employment likelihood every year for 10 years. This can lead to an estimated $40 million addition to the economy through household income if 2% of the working-age wheelchair population participates.
Healthcare is a major responsibility of Canada's federal government, which must be addressed in the upcoming election. The system has struggled with quality rankings and access to primary care, mental health services, and new treatments.
A cross-disciplinary study applies CHANS to examine dynamics of livestock rearing on the Mongolian Plateau between 1980 and 2010. The research highlights unique opportunities for applying CHANS due to contrasting socioeconomic and political systems in Mongolia and Inner Mongolia.
Researchers at Virginia Tech Carilion Research Institute found that brain signals predict the likelihood of conforming to others' choices, with individuals more likely to follow risks if they like taking risks and safer options if cautious. The study sheds light on how social support systems can encourage healthy choices.
Researchers devise a replicator dynamics model to analyze the effects of incentives and meta-incentives on resolving social dilemmas. The study finds that allowing a reward-to-reward linkage can resolve the dilemma without any social costs, making it an efficient solution for real-world applications.
A Michigan State University study found that 71% of Croatian retirees chose smaller, earlier pension payouts when given the option, with those who were poor or distrusted the government more likely to make this choice. The study provides crucial insight into individuals' preferences and reasoning when early payouts may be offered
OU College of Engineering professors will develop resilience metrics for buildings and infrastructure, and analyze the impact of climate change on natural hazard modeling. The center aims to create science-based tools and guidelines for communities to assess their resilience and minimize post-disaster disruption.
The article explores how social boundaries are created and maintained through boundary work, shaping the structure of a professional service market. Human interaction dynamics play a crucial role in forming these social structures.
A new study examines the concept of 'femtorisks,' which refers to seemingly small-scale events that can trigger major crises due to interconnections in complex systems. The researchers suggest a model drawing on biological systems to adapt to unpredictable threats, and emphasize the importance of flexible governance.
A new study reveals that approximately 40% of stroke patients would benefit from rehabilitation, but only 16% receive it. The rates vary widely by province and hospital, with some patients not needing or getting the right amount of services. This lack of access has huge implications for their quality of life and healthcare utilization.
A new supplement published in Health Policy and Planning presents the latest research on people-centred health systems, emphasizing the importance of patient and community involvement. The studies reveal four key themes: ensuring people have a voice, putting people first in healthcare design, recognizing social relationships within hea...
A Tel Aviv University study reveals that the US' private-based healthcare system contributes to wealth-health inequality, with wealthy older Americans experiencing poorer health outcomes than their foreign counterparts. The research supports a move towards state-sponsored healthcare systems.
A University of Utah study suggests that stories told over firelight helped human culture and thought evolve by reinforcing social traditions and promoting harmony. Researchers analyzed scores of daytime and firelight conversations among !Kung Bushmen, finding that nighttime discussions involved more storytelling and imaginative thought.
A new study by Mary Jean Amon reveals that social support systems play a key role in helping women persevere in male-dominated STEM fields. The study found that women in these fields often face conflicting role expectations, feelings of lack of authority, and interpersonal cues indicating gender bias.
A system of slowly conducting nerves in the skin respond to gentle touch, triggering rewarding sensations. This 'soft touch wiring' plays a crucial role in human social behavior and may be disrupted in individuals with autism.
Studies show that we track people's popularity through brain regions involved in anticipating rewards and emotional evaluation. This is linked to two critical systems: reward learning and social cognition, which scale up with the popularity of an individual.
The Telecoupling paper, published in Ecology and Society, presents a new framework for studying interconnected human and natural systems across scales and distances. This approach holds promise for understanding complex challenges like water sustainability, climate change, and food security.
Researchers found that judges are more likely to side with public majority sentiment on the death penalty after being targeted by moneyed interest groups. The study used a large dataset of over 12,000 votes from 27 years and found that judicial behaviors changed with the rise of new-style campaigns.
A Dartmouth study finds that communal acequias in the US Southwest are struggling due to reduced snowmelt and socio-economic pressures. The decline reflects changes worldwide where isolated communities integrate into larger economies, altering traditional water management systems.
The Pursuit Internet would enable users to obtain information without direct access to servers, making the internet faster, safer, and more controllable. Individual computers would copy and republish content, providing a peer-to-peer approach on an unprecedented scale.
Researchers found that oxytocin can sharpen self-other differentiation, a key function in social bonding and tolerance. Participants who received oxytocin were faster at identifying new faces and rated their own face as similarly pleasant to others', indicating increased acceptance.
A UW geographer proposes a 15-year plan to dismantle China's 55-year-old hukou system, which limits rural laborers from moving to cities. The plan aims to create a more sustainable consumer-based economy by reforming the household registration status of millions of rural migrants.
Researchers found that temporal characteristics, particularly bursts of activation events, significantly impact diffusion processes. This new understanding can help build more accurate metrics for analyzing real-world network data.