A new study shows that blocking the neonatal crystallizable fragment receptor (FcRn) can reduce levels of immunoglobulin G (IgG) and IgG immune complexes, potentially treating autoimmune diseases. The therapy, SYNT001, was well-tolerated in a Phase 1 clinical study.
Researchers at Kiel University successfully measured entropy in complex plasmas using video microscopy and laser technology. They found that the thermodynamic fundamentals are fulfilled, leading to new insights into strongly coupled systems.
Researchers studied concussions experienced by undergraduate students over three academic years, finding a significant number of non-sports related concussions. The study suggests an increasing trend in non-sports related concussions among college undergrads, warranting further attention.
A 1999 MRI study published in The BMJ found that the penis is shaped like a boomerang during sex, challenging previous assumptions. Additionally, it revealed that the size of the uterus does not increase during female sexual arousal, contrary to previous reports.
Researchers at Hebrew University of Jerusalem use traditional mathematics to predict planets' movements in unstable three-body systems. Their findings provide a new understanding of these complex processes and are essential for visualizing complicated phenomena.
The American Chemical Society's Year in Chemistry 2019 special issue features top research trends, including advances in machine-learning, microplastics, and 3-D printing. Experts predict further AI advancements and greener processes for making nitrogen-based compounds and materials in 2020.
Researchers have developed a handheld, paper-based device to diagnose Lyme disease soon after infection. The assay achieved a sensitivity of 85.7% and specificity of 96.3%, making it more sensitive than existing tests and requiring only 15 minutes to complete.
Researchers at UT Southwestern Medical Center have uncovered why certain melanoma cells are more likely to spread through the body. Efficient metastasizers take up more lactate due to higher levels of monocarboxylate transporter 1, allowing them to survive in the blood and promoting disease progression.
Women who worked consistently during their prime midlife years had better physical health than non-working women later in life, according to a new study published in Demography. The research also found that working women were less depressed and lived longer, with a lower risk of death by 2012.
Researchers at Case Western Reserve University developed a new screener to quickly identify children exposed to violence and trauma. The 22-question tool is designed for minimally trained staff to refer children to necessary assessment and treatment services.
Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT) reduces anxiety levels in patients with social anxiety disorder while increasing protective enzymes telomerase and glutathione peroxidase. This may protect cells against oxidative stress and cellular aging.
Research finds water samples insufficient for detecting EPTO groups and other macroinvertebrates, bulk benthos sampling provides richer taxonomic recovery. Bulk-benthos samples show stronger association with EPTO families than water samples.
A new method called ON-rep-seq enables the precise identification of bacteria using selective, strain-specific fragments of the bacterial genome. This approach reduces analysis time and costs to less than $2 per bacterium, increasing accuracy to over 99%.
Researchers investigated primate societies' evolutionary paths and found pair living played a crucial role in transitioning from solitary life to complex societies. The study suggests that paternal care increased offspring survival, reinforcing pair living and paving the way for group living.
Researchers at Yale University found that cancer-causing gene mutations can cause rapid cell division, leading to malignant cancer traits. In one form of blood cancer, normal cells with these mutations can remain healthy unless they divide quickly, suggesting a new mechanism for cancer development.
A major new study found that around 15% of UK teenagers reported self-harm, with teenage girls being significantly more likely than boys. The study links poor mental health and wellbeing among 14-year-old girls to factors such as gender inequality and poverty.
Teenage pregnant women are more likely to experience poorer mental health, higher rates of substance use, and live in poverty. However, a Canadian study found that teenage pregnancy is not associated with a higher risk for preterm birth or low birth weight compared to pregnancies among women aged 20-34 years.
Patients with type 1 diabetes and high lipoprotein(a) levels have a significantly higher risk of developing cardiovascular disease, including coronary artery disease and calcified aortic valve disease. High blood glucose levels are also associated with elevated lipoprotein(a) levels in this patient group.
Scientists have successfully detected seismic waves using submarine telecommunications cables, which can also detect earthquakes, swell, and underwater noise. The researchers deployed a 41 km-long cable to retrieve data from an underwater observatory, converting it into over 6000 seismic sensors.
The 5G-DIVE project validates 5G technology for remote control of industrial robots and autonomous coordinated drone flight, requiring high bandwidth and low latency. The project aims to improve performance and corporate value through Fog Computing and intelligent design.
A Tel Aviv University study found a technical bias in RNA-seq data that often leads to false results. Researchers were able to identify and remove this bias, preserving biologically relevant findings.
A new study by the University of Notre Dame found that air travel has flattened local investment bias, reducing risk for investors and lowering firm costs. This is because investors are more likely to invest in companies in distant locations with better air connections, resulting in a diversified portfolio.
A large US study found that women born in the spring and summer had a slight but significant increase in cardiovascular death compared to those born in autumn. The researchers suggest that seasonal fluctuations in diet, air pollution levels, and sunlight may contribute to these differences.
Researchers found that a weekly multi-modal regime combining physical and cognitive exercises significantly improved motor and non-motor symptoms in Parkinson's patients. The study suggests tailored exercise programs could improve quality of life for those affected by the disease.
Researchers uncover the oldest known coastal defence system built by ancient settlers to protect against rising oceans. The ancient Tel Hreiz seawall in Israel was a temporary reprieve from sea level rise, abandoned and inundated over time.
Researchers analyzed customer movement patterns in Tesco supermarkets to develop a method to reduce congestion. Placing popular goods near store perimeters was found to be effective in decreasing aisle crowding.
Researchers have discovered that stable isotopes of zirconium can be fractionated by magnitudes much larger than previously thought. This finding changes the view on how this element behaves in the solid Earth, enabling a new tool to gain insights into magma chemistry as it crystallizes.
Experiments by McGill University and University of Oldenburg confirm regular oscillations in predator-prey populations can persist without complete depletion of prey resources. The study found that less efficient predators can lead to prey recovery, potentially creating endless cycles.
Researchers at Santa Clara University identified a specific brain pathway that helps regulate drinking behavior, which may be disrupted in individuals with alcohol use disorder. The study suggests that this pathway's dysfunction could contribute to the development of compulsive drinking habits.
Researchers found that a popular modern variety of wheat does not impair gastrointestinal health in mice compared to heirloom wheat. Heirloom wheat slightly reduced levels of the pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-17 and improved gut barrier function, suggesting that modern wheat varieties may be healthier for healthy individuals.
Recent colorectal cancer screening rates more than doubled among people ages 45 to 49, a trend unique to this age group. The increase in screening was attributed to the release of updated American Cancer Society guidelines recommending screening in that age range.
A study by University of Illinois researchers reveals that mothers' coaching styles can impact adolescent peer adjustment. Low reactive youth benefited from active, engaged coping strategies, whereas high reactive kids fared better with self-reliant suggestions. This suggests a personalized approach to parenting is necessary to address...
Researchers at PPPL have developed a novel design that could increase the efficiency of gasoline-fueled internal combustion engines while reducing toxic emissions. The patented method rapidly spins gas inside cylinders to operate at lower temperatures, resulting in lower Nitrogen Oxide emissions and improved fuel economy.
Researchers harness cyber security techniques to give control to those targeted, without resorting to censorship. Algorithms can identify potential hate speech and provide a score for its likelihood, allowing users to view or delete unseen content.
The University of Oklahoma received a $4.5 million grant to apply cutting-edge science and tools for climate adaptation in the south-central United States. Researchers will focus on decision-making support for Oklahoma, Texas, Louisiana, and New Mexico.
A three-year study found concussions are twice as prevalent as previously believed and occur significantly more often off the playing field. The research also showed that females are more susceptible to concussions and that incidence is higher among non-sport-related activities, such as falls and motor vehicle accidents.
Researchers have developed a bio-inspired membrane that combines the strength of bones with the ion transport properties of cartilage, enabling it to harness osmotic energy from saltwater. The membrane has shown high stability and performance, making it a promising solution for harvesting ocean energy.
The study found nearly 9 million injuries and over 120,000 deaths worldwide in 2017 due to fire, heat, and hot substances. Heat-related injuries disproportionately kill the very young and very old, with the risk of death greatest in Seychelles and Laos.
A study published in Integrative Organismal Biology reveals that ants like Gigantiops destructor use their abdomens to add speed and power to their jumps, enabling them to travel faster through leaf litter habitats. This unique behavior allows the ants to navigate complex forest floors with greater ease.
Researchers at Indiana University have discovered a chemical compound found in essential oils that improves wound healing in mice when applied topically. The study shows increased cell growth and gene expression, suggesting potential for less scar formation and improved recovery.
A team of scientists from Tokyo University of Science has made a breakthrough in understanding the inflammation mechanism in IgG4-related disease. They found that cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) and T follicular helper cells (Tfh cells) are necessary for pancreatic inflammation, and propose Janus kinase (JAK) as a suitable therapeutic t...
The 2019 Monitoring the Future (MTF) survey found that vaping of marijuana has more than doubled in the past two years, with past month use nearly tripling. Daily marijuana vaping also increased, reported at 3.5% among 12th graders. Overall, marijuana remains the most commonly used illicit drug by adolescents.
Climate scientists continue to face uncertainties in predicting ice sheet melt rates, which directly impact sea-level rise projections. Recent research highlights the need for improved observations and computer models to refine these estimates and inform climate adaptation efforts.
Scientists have developed a method to identify all 20 amino acids in proteins using nanopores, a major breakthrough towards protein sequencing. The technology allows for precise differentiation of modified forms of amino acids, potentially identifying hundreds of modifications.
The study found that the proportion of students reporting ever using marijuana in an e-cigarette increased from 11.1% to 14.7% between 2017 and 2018. This increase was seen among certain demographic groups, including males, females, adolescents, high-schoolers, non-Hispanic whites, and Hispanics.
A recent study published in JAMA Network Open found that 30% of pregnant women with HIV were prescribed medications with insufficient evidence of safety in pregnancy. The study, led by Kathleen M. Powis, suggests that physicians may be prescribing ahead of recommended guidelines.
Researchers have proposed new concepts for in situ formed and artificial SEIs to fundamentally modulate the electrochemical characteristics of zinc. The interfacial design enables reversible and dendrite-free Zn plating/stripping, resulting in excellent cycling stability with negligible capacity loss.
A new analysis reveals significant increases in subsurface runoff and cold season discharge due to thawing permafrost. This shift is expected to alter the Arctic water cycle, with implications for coastal ecosystems and nutrient cycling.
Researchers found that children with HIV performed poorly on neuropsychological tests, particularly in planning and reasoning abilities, compared to their HIV-negative peers. The disparity worsened over time, highlighting the need for further investigation into the underlying mechanisms of these cognitive challenges.
A team of researchers led by the University of Iowa has dated the last known appearance of Homo erectus at Ngandong in Indonesia between 108,000 and 117,000 years ago. The site is considered the last known settlement of this direct ancestor to modern humans.
A study by Norwegian University of Science and Technology found that most people agree on what is considered acceptable behavior at work, but emphasizes the importance of clarifying boundaries and addressing stereotypical thinking to effectively reduce sexual harassment.
Researchers developed a method to capture and count cancer-associated microRNAs in blood or serum with single-molecule resolution. This approach could enable low-concentration cancer-related molecules to be detected for diagnostic purposes.
A large study of over 1 million women found that obesity in midlife increases the risk of dementia later in life, while poor diet and lack of exercise are not. The study also revealed short-term associations between these factors and dementia risk may be due to early symptoms of dementia.
Researchers at the Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, published a report analyzing climate monitoring data for the Three Gorges area of the Yangtze River in 2018. The study provides basic climate monitoring facts and data to inform further research on extreme climatic events.
A study by BMJ Group found that healthcare workers are less likely to receive honors compared to professionals in other industries. Healthcare workers received only 7.6% of New Year Honours from 2009 to 2018.
Fossil record will be unique in Earth's history with many complete hominid skeletons, as human activities alter burial practices and increase animal density. The Anthropocene era will leave an unmistakable signal for paleontologists 100,000 years from now.
A new study found that postmenopausal women experience more sleep problems, including insomnia and obstructive sleep apnea, compared to premenopausal and perimenopausal women. Researchers confirmed the increase in sleep disorders as women transition from perimenopause to postmenopause.
Researchers have designed artificial sweetener derivatives that inhibit two tumor-associated enzymes, showing improved activity against cancer cells. These compounds selectively bind to enzymes CA IX and XII, making them potential anti-cancer drugs.
Researchers at UW-Madison developed an ultrathin coating that decouples temperature and thermal light emission, allowing for temperature-independent thermal radiation. This technology has potential applications in heat transfer, camouflage, and infrared imaging protection.
A new drug trial by Monash University Professor Eric Morand shows a statistically-significant reduction in disease activity versus placebo in lupus patients. The TULIP 2 trial found a significant effect in global disease activity measures, including improved skin disease and reduced steroid doses.
Researchers are developing a non-invasive device that uses transcranial direct current stimulation to desensitize areas tied to knee pain in the brain. Participants wear a cap powered by three AAA batteries and undergo 15, 20-minute sessions over three weeks.
Researchers developed a new method using interferometry to visualize the movement of millions of molecules in 3D, providing insights into biological processes. The technique distinguishes between flow and diffusion movements, enabling the study of virus-cell interactions and cellular dynamics.
A study published in JAMA Network Open found that gastric bypass surgery is associated with a slightly higher risk of returning to the operating room or having other types of interventions. By four years out, researchers estimated that 26.5% of bypass patients had an endoscopy procedure compared to 18% of sleeve patients.
Researchers found that nearly 92 percent of Ellipsys fistulas were still functional after two years, with patients reporting high levels of satisfaction. The study's results confirm the Ellipsys system provides good vascular access while reducing pain and discomfort associated with traditional fistula surgery.
A new Texas A&M University study reveals the Cleveland Bay horse breed has the third-lowest genetic variation level among domestic horses. This low genetic diversity puts the breed at risk for various health conditions, making it critically endangered.
A new study published in Nature reports the genome sequence of the blue-petal water lily, finding evidence of genetic innovations that may have led to the evolution of floral scent and other traits in early-diverged flowering plants. The research sheds light on the early evolution of all angiosperms.
Racism-specific support from spouses significantly benefits African American husbands' and wives' physical and mental well-being. Despite this, Black women often bear the burden of supporting their male partners, highlighting a need for targeted resources and support networks.
A new study from North Carolina State University shows that ongoing habitat management can help prevent hurricane-driven extinctions. The research found that a rare Florida plant, the pineland croton, weathered the damage from Hurricane Irma better in plots under human management than those left alone.
A new study by Portland State University researchers found racial and ethnic disparities in pain treatment by emergency responders, with Hispanic and Asian patients receiving lower quality care. The study analyzed 25,732 health records and found that odds of pain assessment were 21-31% lower for these groups compared to white patients.
A study found that zero-sum thinking fuels political divisions in the US, with conservatives viewing policies as threats and liberals as opportunities. The research suggests that framing policies to emphasize or challenge the status quo can increase bipartisan support.
A new study from the University of Delaware suggests that India can sustainably enhance its food supply and reduce environmental impacts by reducing reliance on rice and planting more nutritious crops like sorghum and finger millet. The traditional cereals have higher nutritional quality, use less water and energy, and emit fewer green...
Researchers identified a gene in mice that influences memory recall at different times of day, causing mice to be more forgetful just before waking up. The study found that the circadian clock regulates memory retrieval via dopamine and PKA-induced GluA1 phosphorylation.
Elite controllers, a subset of HIV-positive individuals, have distinct transcriptional profiles and enhanced ribosomal function in their lymphoid tissue CD8+ T cells. This allows them to suppress HIV replication through cytokine production, presenting an alternative approach to traditional viral eradication strategies.
Researchers have found that suppressing MSUT2, a gene involved in tau regulation, may protect against Alzheimer's disease. The study also highlights the importance of preserving PABPN1 activity to prevent brain degeneration.
Researchers found that key changes during rice domestication reflect selection on traits determined by a portion of the genome that does not transcribe proteins. Non-coding RNAs, suspected to play important roles in regulating growth and development, were also implicated.
Research from the University of Cambridge found that people living in deprived areas are more likely to be admitted to hospital, with manual workers and those with low educational attainment at highest risk. The study suggests that addressing environmental deprivation is crucial for reducing hospitalization rates.
A phase 2 clinical trial has demonstrated an effective alternative to mastectomy for breast cancer patients experiencing recurrence after initial lumpectomy and whole-breast radiation. The treatment involved a second lumpectomy followed by partial breast reirradiation, resulting in long-term cancer control and low toxic side effects.
A new model of animal energy budgets reveals that resource variation is a key mechanism driving evolutionary body size. By considering factors such as metabolism, reproduction costs, and offspring energy delivery, the model shows that larger bodies provide more room for energy storage, helping animals survive uncertain environments.
Researchers argue that intervening on biological aging mechanisms can slow multiple age-related diseases, extending health span. Geroscience seeks to define the underlying causes of aging, aiming to delay or prevent diseases simultaneously.
The University of Texas at Arlington is collaborating with the city of Waxahachie on a pilot project to inspect several miles of sewer pipelines using robotic technology. This will allow for more accurate estimates of pipeline service life, reducing the need for costly replacements and enabling 'microsurgery' repairs.
A research team developed a microneedle platform using fluorescent quantum dots to deliver vaccines and record vaccination history in the skin. The platform offers a dependable way for clinicians to keep accurate medical records, potentially saving millions of lives worldwide.
The PROBOSCIS project aims to develop a new generation of bioinspired robot manipulators capable of adapting to uncertain environments and performing various real-world grasping tasks. By studying the anatomy and movements of elephants' proboscis, researchers will create a soft robotic system with advanced tactile sensing capabilities.
A Finnish study of 6.2 million people from 1996 to 2014 found that lower household income is associated with a higher risk of first psychiatric hospitalization for mental disorders. The research used national registry data to examine the relationship between household income and mental health outcomes.
A metabolic inhibitor called OSI-027 induces catastrophic macropinocytosis in human cancer cells, reducing tumor growth when combined with chemotherapy. The study suggests that targeting the mTOR pathway may be an effective approach to treat drug-resistant cancers.
Researchers found that a problem in gene-regulatory process can cause normal cells to turn malignant and produce Wilms' tumor. The implicated reader protein causes problems by acquiring a new property and being too active, leading to abnormal gene expression and tumor formation.
A recent study found that low back pain accounts for approximately one-third of new emergency department imaging in the US. Imaging utilization varies significantly by region, with patients in the southern US undergoing more imaging than those in the western US.
A new national study found that walking and cycling to work were associated with a significant reduction in heart attacks. For women who walked to work, there was an associated 1.7% reduction in heart attacks the following year, while men who cycled to work experienced the same decrease.
Researchers found that spherical droplets of chain-like liquid crystal molecules transform into complex shapes upon cooling, exhibiting polydispersity-driven effects. The key to this phenomenon lies in the presence of both long-chain and short-chain rods within the drop.
Experts recommend developing more intuitive applications with signposting and instructions to help older adults feel comfortable navigating online banking. Self-sufficiency and technological anxiety influence behavior, making it essential to increase confidence and reduce anxiety through clear communication and usability guarantees.
A new study suggests that users should have more control over what happens to their emails after they die, with the law failing to recognize this right. The current contractual provisions allow email providers like Google and Microsoft to regulate post-mortem transmissions without user consent.
Traffic-related air pollution has been linked to an increased risk of hypertensive disorders in pregnant women, with exposure to particulate matter (PM2.5) associated with a 50% higher likelihood of developing preeclampsia. The study highlights the need for further research into the impact of environmental exposures during pregnancy.
Researchers at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute developed an algorithm to analyze biometric data from smart devices and recommend personalized sleep and light schedules. The approach has been shown to estimate circadian rhythm variation with high accuracy, potentially benefiting travelers and service members.
Attending schools in greener areas was associated with lower odds of ADHD symptoms, defined as six or more symptoms, in this observational study of 59,754 children. Researchers suggest findings could help develop strategies for planning green spaces around schools.
Marijuana vaping reported by US adolescents increased from 2018 to 2019, with a notable rise in 10th and 12th graders. The study found an absolute increase of 6.5% among 12th graders and up to 5.6% among 10th graders.
A new thermodynamic formula reveals bifacial cells can generate 15-20% more sunlight to electricity than monofacial cells, taking into consideration different terrain and surfaces. The formula helps companies design more efficient next-generation solar cells.
A study by Queen Mary University of London suggests regular cannabis use may be associated with an enlarged left ventricle and early signs of impaired heart function. However, further research is needed to confirm these findings and understand the cardiac impact of recreational cannabis use.
A new image of the Milky Way's center captures a colorful composite of giant molecular clouds, with details on radio filaments and star factories. Scientists use GISMO data to observe microwaves at large scales, making detailed observations for the first time.
Samara Polytech scientists develop new high-temperature lubricants with esters from adamantane derivatives for improved thermal stability. This breakthrough increases flight safety in aviation and space facilities.
The International Stevia Council's 2019 Online Conversation & Trends Analysis reveals stevia as the most discussed low-calorie sweetener, with doubled mentions in both English- and Spanish-speaking countries. Positive sentiment around stevia remains high, increasing by 5% in English-speaking countries.
A new study by Brown University researchers reveals that the hydrogen atoms bound to platinum at high activity regions are actually inert bystanders, not participating in the reaction. Instead, they sit atop platinum atoms and meet up with each other to form H2 gas, making platinum reactive.
The study found that suburban expansion is the predominant pattern in cities worldwide, driving inefficient and unsustainable development. Notable exceptions exist in East and Southeast Asia, where high-rise construction is on the rise.
Researchers have developed a self-healing sweat sensor that can withstand vigorous exercise and quickly repair itself if damaged. The device, in the form of a headband, accurately tracks electrolyte concentrations in sweat, providing valuable insights into a person's health.
Researchers analyzed rotation curves of low-surface-brightness galaxies to discover a universal relationship describing dark matter's distribution. This result consolidates clues on dark matter's presence and behavior, opening up new scenarios for interactions with bright matter.
Research reveals that flavored e-liquids trigger inflammation, genetic damage, and dysfunction in the lungs, increasing long-term health risks. The study identifies over 40 chemicals in seven flavors, many of which are known to be harmful if inhaled.
Florida Atlantic University has partnered with colleges and transit agencies to develop a mobile app and new transit solutions to address students' transportation challenges. The project aims to reduce students' transportation costs and increase credit accumulation and year-to-year student retention.
Researchers from Brigham and Women's Hospital develop a computational approach to study anxiety, uncovering over 209 genes with varying activity across anxiety categories. The study identifies new targets for drug development, including genes related to synaptic plasticity, hormones, and G-protein coupled receptors.
DEAnsect, a soft robotic insect, is equipped with dielectric elastomer actuators (DEAs) that enable it to move forward through vibrations. The insect is lightweight and quick, allowing it to navigate different terrain types, including undulating surfaces.
A study published in the European Heart Journal found that good sleep habits can compensate for a high genetic risk of heart disease and stroke. Researchers analyzed over 385,000 participants and found that those with healthy sleep patterns had a 35% reduced risk of cardiovascular disease.
Researchers at Southern Methodist University have developed a more efficient algorithm to simulate the interaction of electromagnetic waves with devices, reducing simulation time from days to hours. This breakthrough has significant implications for various scientific fields, including biology, astronomy, and military applications.
A US study of physician driving behaviors reveals that psychiatrists are most likely to be fined for extreme speeding, while cardiologists are more likely to drive luxury cars. The findings contradict the theory that certain specialties receive preferential treatment from law enforcement.
A case series of 80 heart transplant patients reveals that donors positive for hepatitis C pose a risk to recipients, who developed chronic liver disease and cirrhosis.
A new study demonstrates that there's more than enough suitable storage for captured carbon dioxide on the world's continental shelves to meet IPCC goals. The research suggests that developing enough CO2 injection wells over a relatively short period is manageable and can help achieve emissions cuts of up to 13% by 2050.
A new study by the University of Oregon team reevaluated radiocarbon dating results from cultural sites on 55 islands, revealing that seafaring South Americans settled first on large northernmost islands of the Greater Antilles. The findings challenge a long-held stepping-stone model of Caribbean colonization.
Researchers at WashU Medicine have developed a method to supercharge protein production up to a thousandfold, which could significantly increase the production of protein-based drugs, vaccines, and biomaterials. This breakthrough has the potential to reduce costs and improve efficiency in various industries.
A new study challenges conventional wisdom on obesity, suggesting that eating too much, not exercising too little, may be the primary factor in weight gain. Researchers found that Amazonian children with physically active lifestyles and chronic immune system challenges spent similar numbers of calories as sedentary children in the US, ...
Boston University researchers have developed a biodegradable adhesive that can effectively stick to various surfaces, replacing traditional plastic adhesives. The adhesive's formula is easily adaptable to suit industrial and medical applications.
Scientists at HZB have measured the energy gap in a magnetically doped topological insulator, finding it to be five times larger than theoretically predicted. This discovery could lead to the creation of near-room-temperature Quantum Hall Effect devices and quantum processing units for quantum computers.
The SUCCESS project reveals that refugees face diverse access requirements and inadequate preparation for higher education, hindering their successful integration. The study suggests promoting language proficiency, individualized feedback, and socio-cultural factors to overcome these obstacles.
A new study published in JAMA Pediatrics found that children with higher BMI tend to have a thinner cerebral cortex, especially in the prefrontal area. This may help explain the correlation between obesity and decreased executive function, such as working memory.
A distant galaxy with over a trillion stars showed that the 'cores' of massive galaxies formed 1.5 billion years after the Big Bang, about 1 billion years earlier than previously thought. Researchers used telescopes to observe the quenching galaxy and found suppressed star formation.
Researchers have transformed submarine cables into a seismic network, tracking earthquakes and ocean waves. The new technology has the potential to fill blind spots in the global seismic network.
The James Webb Space Telescope will study the smallest, faintest residents of NGC 1333, distinguishing between objects that form like stars and those that form like planets. The team aims to identify cluster members as puny as Jupiter for the first time ever, shedding light on their origins and the star formation process.
A new study from the University of York found that parents' socioeconomic status and children's inherited DNA differences are powerful predictors of educational achievement. Children with high genetic propensity for education but poor backgrounds had limited access to higher education, while those with low genetic propensity but afflue...
The new method enables the creation of tall-and-narrow nanostructures with controllable dimensions, including transparent nanoelectrodes with high optical transmission and tunable conductivity. Researchers achieved this by adding 'table salt' to the polymer solution, improving electrostatic attraction between nanofibers.
Researchers are exploring how cover crops can enhance the sustainability of star fruit farms in Florida. By incorporating cover crops like sunn hemp and velvet bean into their practices, farmers can improve soil organic matter and reduce the need for synthetic inputs.
A new MSU study found that HIV significantly affects children's neuropsychological development, even with early antiretroviral therapy. Children living with HIV showed significant deficits in reasoning and planning abilities compared to their HIV-negative peers.
Associate Professor Menglin Chen's team has created a light-controlled neural stimulating scaffold inside the body using nanofibers coated with photovoltaic nanomaterials. This non-genetic method can locally stimulate cells electrically and has shown regenerative effects on neural model cells.
A new analysis found that people exposed to higher levels of air pollution are more likely to experience depression or die by suicide. Reducing global average exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) could result in a 15% reduction in depression risk worldwide.
Researchers created an extreme sea level indicator using historical data from US coastlines to understand the causes of sea level changes. The study found that different factors play a role in extreme sea levels, varying by location and time.
A new study published in the Journal of the American Heart Association finds that heavy drinking can cause subclinical heart damage, increasing levels of blood biomarkers associated with inflammation and cardiac wall stretch. Heavy drinkers are more likely to experience cardiovascular disease than non-problem drinkers.
Researchers at Baylor College of Medicine report no link between increased levels of herpes virus and Alzheimer's disease, contrary to a previous study. The team also provides a new statistical and computational framework for analyzing large-scale sequencing data.
A study of over 6,000 UK adults aged 50+ found that regular engagement with the arts was associated with a lower risk of death. The more frequently people participated in arts activities, the greater the protective effect, with those attending arts events once or twice a year having a 14% lower risk of dying.
Researchers at Columbia University Irving Medical Center have developed a new gene editing tool called INTEGRATE, which uses cryo-electron microscopy to capture high-resolution images of the complex in action. The tool appears to work by targeting DNA for accurate insertion of genetic payloads without introducing DNA breaks.
A large desalination plant in Sydney, Australia, has been found to attract certain species of fish, increasing their abundance at the discharge site. The researchers suggest that turbulence caused by high-pressure release of salty solution may be responsible for this effect.
Researchers from the University of Konstanz conducted an experimental study on how vaccination arguments propagate in online chains. The study found that existing vaccination beliefs are resilient to radicalization and do not become more extreme even when exposed to opposing views. This has significant implications for public health, h...
An experimental Zika DNA vaccine VRC5283 reduced virus levels and improved fetal outcomes in pregnant rhesus macaques. The results suggest the vaccine may prevent transmission to humans as well.
Texas A&M University researchers discovered that applying a small temperature difference to zirconium phosphate particles initiates their liquid crystallization. The team found that varying temperatures can move liquid crystals by creating a temperature gradient, opening new doors for applications beyond common liquid crystal uses.
The Goddard-IRAM Superconducting 2-Millimeter Observer (GISMO) instrument has mapped the inner Milky Way, revealing a feature resembling a cosmic 'candy cane' with two prominent radio filaments. The image showcases the galaxy's central zone, highlighting areas of star formation and high-speed electron spirals.
A recent study published in Nature Communications used AI to analyze pathology images from human cancer patients and identified new features relevant to cancer prognosis. The AI's predictions were found to be more accurate than those made by human pathologists, with a higher accuracy rate when combined with human-established criteria.
A highly contagious intestinal bacteria, Shigellosis can cause 190 million cases of diarrhoea globally each year. In Victoria, a drug-resistant Shigella strain has emerged, making treatment with oral antibiotics impossible, requiring hospitalization and intravenous antibiotics instead.
Researchers have developed a novel way to record patient vaccination history by storing data in a pattern of invisible dye delivered under the skin. The dye remains stable for at least five years and can be detected using a specially equipped smartphone, promising to improve vaccine administration in developing nations.
A study from Johns Hopkins Medicine suggests that being around dogs from an early age may have a health benefit, decreasing the chance of developing schizophrenia as an adult. However, no significant link was found between dogs and bipolar disorder or cats and either psychiatric disorder.
UTA researchers create a non-contact testing system to inspect bridges without disrupting commuters. The system uses sensors mounted on a moving platform to detect mechanical waves and map hidden damage, enabling more accurate maintenance plans.
Scientists developed a new method to evaluate meat quality using fluorescence spectroscopy, which is precise in classifying meat into standard quality categories. The method detects specific compounds that emit light of a specific frequency range, agreeing with the assumption that connective and adipose tissue make meat more tender.
A study found that different mutations in a single gene can cause various problems in brain cells. Researchers discovered that even healthy proteins may interfere with mutant proteins' actions, leading to irregular neuronal firing. The findings emphasize the importance of understanding each mutation for personalized medicine.
By 2030, nearly half of US adults are expected to have obesity, and more than a quarter will have severe obesity. The study predicts that several states will have obesity rates close to 60%, with severe obesity becoming the most common BMI category among low-income adults.
A new Stanford study shows that mealworms can eat Styrofoam containing toxic chemicals without building up harm in their bodies. The worms' guts concentrate and remove these additives through biodegradation, making them a promising source of protein-rich feedstock for other animals.