A clinical trial conducted by Boston Children's Hospital has shown that adding chemotherapy to a treatment regimen including catheterization and surgery can deter abnormal cellular growth in children with pulmonary vein stenosis. The approach led to the stabilization of PVS progression and prevention of further lung damage in 31% of pa...
Scientists at KAUST have created a 3D porous material with repeating patterns of interconnected pores using a simple method. The film, made from polystyrene-b-poly(tertbutyl acrylate), shows promise for applications such as virus filtration and biological scaffolds.
A daily tablet has been shown to significantly reduce the risk of blood clots in cancer patients, with a lower rate of recurrence compared to traditional anticoagulant treatment. The study also found increased bleeding risks with the oral drug rivaroxaban.
Researchers uncover clue to disease process development by identifying novel way to control innate immune response, which may translate to treatments for conditions such as atherosclerosis, autoimmunity, and heart failure. Animal studies support finding, showing mice with mutated sNASP proteins are more susceptible to septic infection.
A new study found that patients with low risk of local recurrence can safely undergo surgery alone without receiving chemoradiotherapy. This strategy could reduce the number of patients who receive chemoradiotherapy by half, with minimal risk of undertreatment.
Researchers at University of Bath discovered a link between molecule 'oiliness' and potency against prostate cancer protein AMACR. The team designed test to measure activity levels and identified promising molecules that could lead to new anti-cancer drugs.
A newly discovered 180-million-year-old Jurassic fossil has identified a missing link between two distinct families of prehistoric crocodiles. The Magyarosuchus fitosi specimen, featuring a large portion of its backbone, suggests that it is an intermediate form between the armoured and unarmoured groups.
Two commentaries in JACM question whether colonial models devalue traditional and complementary practices. Researchers Heather Boon and Nadine Ijaz argue that biomedical dominance subordinates indigenous knowledge systems, while Editor-in-Chief John Weeks emphasizes the need for re-examining harmful limits of biomedicine's approach.
A recent study found that 56% of older Medicare beneficiaries are at high risk of obstructive sleep apnea, yet only 8% have been tested for it. Treatment was prescribed for 82% of participants after diagnosis.
Researchers found that non-invasive brain stimulation technologies like tDCS and TMS significantly improve fine motor movement in stroke patients. These gains were also observed in healthy participants' non-dominant hands, suggesting potential therapeutic applications for these treatments.
A new combined risk score model integrates CHA2DS2-VASc and Intermountain Risk Scores to derive and validate a new stroke prediction score, nearly doubling ability to predict stroke risk. The integrated IMRS-VASc model assigns people more accurately to the risk group that relates to their actual prognosis.
Researchers at Toyohashi University of Technology have discovered that face-likeness is judged by early visual processing, occurring within 100ms of viewing an object. This finding suggests that face-likeness recognition is a fundamental cognitive process, separate from traditional notions of pareidolia.
Researchers propose a new method for orienting liquid crystals, increasing viewing angles in LCD displays. The technique uses liquid-crystal polymers with varying side-chain lengths to control orientation.
A new study published in The Journal of Physiology found that proper maternal care can significantly reduce abnormalities in the offspring's body clock, leading to a lower likelihood of developing heart disease. This suggests that early life experiences may play a crucial role in shaping an individual's health later in adulthood.
A study found that late HIV diagnoses remain high, prompting the need for expanded testing. HIV diagnoses are increasingly being made outside of traditional sexual health clinics.
A Japan-US research collaboration found that taurine absorption by sperm cells helps regulate osmotic stress during fertilization. The study, published in FEBS Journal, revealed that taurine deficiency leads to increased male infertility rates and altered sperm shape.
Dr. Anna Possner will join the Goethe University in Frankfurt to investigate the impact of low-level clouds on Earth's surface temperature. Her research focuses on semi-transparent parasols that reflect sunlight but have a minimal effect on heat emission, and she aims to improve understanding of their influence.
Researchers from UCI and Harvard have found that the C. diff toxin B targets colonic epithelia by binding to Frizzled receptors, blocking critical Wnt signaling and renewing colonic stem cells. A non-toxic fragment of TcdB may significantly inhibit cancer cell growth with dysregulation in Wnt signaling.
Chronic medical conditions are common in women with urinary incontinence, linked to increased cardiovascular risk. Pulmonary diseases like asthma also affected many women, highlighting the need for prevention and treatment efforts targeting modifiable conditions.
A study by University at Buffalo researchers found that active Twitter users are prone to spreading falsehoods during public emergencies, such as hurricanes and bombings. The study revealed that only a small percentage of users corrected or clarified false information.
Researchers have developed miniaturized infrared filters using phase change materials and metasurfaces, enabling precise measurement of mid-infrared frequencies. These tiny filters can be integrated into smartphones, allowing for real-time monitoring of air quality, food freshness, and health conditions.
Stopping expensive biological drugs for patients in remission or with low disease activity can save €7,133 per patient. This results in a small loss of 0.022 quality-adjusted life years and an increase in arthritis flares by 0.41 flares per year.
Researchers developed peptide-based nanofibers that target and remove cholesterol deposits from artery walls, reducing plaque burden by up to 11%. Preliminary results demonstrate the potential of non-invasive therapy to reverse atherosclerosis.
Research from Intermountain Medical Center reveals that carotid artery disease and atrial fibrillation significantly increase a patient's chances of developing dementia due to restricted blood flow to the brain. The study stresses the need for physicians to monitor and screen patients for both diseases, especially those with risk factors.
A new study found a consistent link between maternal grandmother and grandchild abdominal obesity, suggesting an intrauterine or environmental effect. The association was seen in both time points analyzed, from age 5 to 9 years old.
The study found a significant increase in hospital-acquired infections caused by antibiotic-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii among US children over a 13-year period. Children with chronic conditions are at higher risk of infection due to compromised immune systems.
A Stanford-led study reveals high levels of tapeworm infection among school-age children in China, which can cause cognitive deficits and epilepsy. The researchers propose solutions to reduce infections and improve education outcomes, including community education and medication distribution.
A new study predicts that LISA will detect dozens of binaries in the Milky Way's globular clusters, containing various compact object combinations. This will expand the breadth of the gravitational wave spectrum, allowing for exploration of different types of objects not observable with LIGO.
Scientists have developed a statistical framework to predict chikungunya and Zika outbreaks based on dengue fever 'hot spots'. The analysis used eight years of data from Merida, Mexico, and showed that people living in these hot spots had twice the rate of infection as those outside.
University of Waterloo chemists have found a new way to process and store information by inducing magnetization in semiconductors with light. This discovery could lead to the development of faster and more efficient computing devices, potentially extending Moore's Law.
Researchers from Brigham and Women's Hospital found that eating a healthy diet is associated with a lower risk of acquired hearing loss in women. Those who followed the Alternate Mediterranean diet or Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension had a 30% lower risk of moderate or worse hearing loss.
Researchers funded by NIH find that opioids produce effects by binding to receptors inside neurons, not just on surface, providing new insights into pain medication development. The discovery may help guide design of safer pain relievers without addiction risks.
A new chemical method is used to determine nitrogen stable isotope composition at natural abundance for ammonium, revealing source dependence of isotopic abundance in urban Beijing. Fossil fuel emissions are found to be a significant source of aerosol ammonium, accounting for 37-52% of initial ammonia concentrations.
Researchers have developed criteria for routine genetic screening of patients with medulloblastoma, a rare and malignant tumor predominantly affecting children. This analysis of 1022 patients identified six genes frequently affected by genetic alterations, increasing cancer risk in up to 20% of the patient population.
A study found that over 4 in 5 patients received potentially inappropriate prescriptions, with multiple medications increasing the risk of hospital readmissions and death. The use of STOPP and START criteria identified PIMs and PPOs, highlighting a significant concern for older adults' medication safety.
A study found that moderate coffee consumption during pregnancy is associated with a higher risk of overweight or obesity in school-age children. Researchers suggest increasing caution and reducing caffeine intake to minimize this risk.
Scientists project significant climate changes in Western China and central Asia along the Millennium Silk Road by 2020 and 2030 under different warming scenarios. A half-degree reduction in global warming can avoid severe impacts on precipitation and extreme heat events.
A definitive list of never events has been established in dentistry to ensure excellent patient care globally. The consensus includes routine assessments, surgery, and equipment sterilization errors.
Researchers from ICFO and European partners cracked the code on graphene's behavior after absorbing light, revealing why conductivity increases or decreases. This breakthrough enables more efficient design and development of graphene-based light detection technology.
The largest health burden from substance use is attributed to tobacco smoking, with nearly one in seven adults worldwide smoking. In contrast, illicit drug use is less common, with fewer than one in twenty people using cannabis in the past year.
Researchers identified abnormal RNA activity linked to enlarged left atrium and atrial fibrillation. They found microRNA-21-3p levels associated with adverse heart growth, enabling potential targeted medications.
Researchers at PPPL will develop innovative X-ray diagnostics to measure plasma temperature and density, as well as tungsten content. The new instruments will provide vital information for future fusion devices.
Researchers at McGill University Health Centre discovered that having excessive T cells can cause harm and imbalance disease tolerance, leading to tissue damage. The study found that a protein called cyclophilin D acts as a key checkpoint for T cell activation, controlling the body's ability to tolerate Mtb infection.
A new study reveals how a cancer gene influences cell signaling, leading to aggressive cancer growth. The researchers found that the 'swallowing' of certain molecules affects tumor suppressor genes and proliferation.
A team of Harvard scientists discovered that tiny Phoroncidia rubroargentea spiders use a combination of structural colors, pigment, and fluorescent material to produce their distinctive red and silver hues. The colors are stabilized by a tough cuticle layer, with the silver color relying on a reflective material similar to fish scales.
Researchers have developed a new method for generating fast X-rays using standard laboratory lasers, allowing them to image the movement of electrons in organic materials. This breakthrough enables the study of extreme reaction steps and could lead to improved solar cells and catalysts.
The CENTROBIN protein plays a positive role in flagellum development, while exerting negative effects on primary cilia formation. Its discovery reveals the multifunctional nature of this protein in distinct cell types.
A study published in Journal of Bone and Mineral Research found that alendronate reduced the risk of one-year cardiovascular death by 67% and heart attack by 45%. The medication also showed protective effects against stroke, with a 17% reduced risk over 10 years.
Researchers challenge trophy hunting's effectiveness in wildlife conservation, citing moral concerns and advocating for ecotourism alternatives. They argue charging hunters to kill animals is a last resort rather than a fallback plan.