A new report highlights the complexity of detecting and treating patients at hospital emergency departments for severe drug-related events. The study found that most patients tested positive for multiple substances, with some containing as many as six, complicating overdose diagnosis.
Scientists use artificial materials with no natural imperfections to study physical effects that would be hard to see in real electronic materials. They make one of the first observations of a mobility edge in a low-dimensional system, showing an energy-dependent insulator-to-conductor transition.
A new study reveals that lower-risk malaria regions are breeding grounds for drug-resistant strains of the Plasmodium falciparum parasite. The research suggests that emerging resistant strains spread rapidly in areas with high transmission rates, making it crucial to tailor malaria response strategies for local conditions.
Scientists have discovered the unique characteristics of the Dps protein, which compacts bacterial DNA to protect it from damage. Despite compacting the DNA, the expression of genes remains unchanged. The study suggests that Dps may act as a shield to protect DNA while allowing bacteria to express genes necessary for survival.
A new study introduces CasPER, a CRISPR/Cas9 method that diversifies enzymes without additional engineering. It enables the efficient integration of large DNA fragments, allowing for hundreds of thousands of enzyme variants to be generated.
Researchers re-examined ancient Propotto leakeyi fossil and found it was an early relative of the aye-aye, challenging the long-held view that lemurs descended from a single wave to Madagascar. The study proposes two lineages split in Africa before coming to Madagascar, suggesting a more complex evolutionary history.
Researchers identified genetic mutations associated with increased risk of breast cancer in Nigerian women. The study found that nearly half of patients were diagnosed with triple-negative breast cancer, an aggressive subtype with poor prognosis.
Scientists from Tomsk Polytechnic University create efficient synthesis of oxo-derivatives of betulin using heterogenic catalysts, eliminating toxic by-products and utilizing environmentally friendly oxidants. The new method reduces catalyst consumption and wastewater, making it a promising direction for green chemistry.
Scientists at Salk Institute and Purdue University discovered a key to mass-producing beneficial plant compounds, including terpenoids used in fragrances, flavorings, biofuels, and pharmaceuticals. They found that plants have an
A study by Binghamton University researchers found that CEOs paid less than their peers are four times more likely to announce layoff announcements. The findings suggest that CEO pay can be a strategic tool for making decisions such as layoffs.
Researchers have developed a new method to conserve salvaged wooden ships and artifacts using 'smart' nanocomposites, eliminating harmful acids without damaging the structures. This technology could help preserve other shipwrecks like the 16th-century British warship Mary Rose and its artifacts.
Researchers have developed a new nanoparticle that can target kidney cells and deliver medication directly to the site of the disease, potentially reducing side effects. This innovation may prove critical in addressing chronic kidney disease, which affects one in three Americans.
Researchers at MIT Media Lab have developed a system called TARF that uses underwater sonar signals to transmit data to airborne receivers, breaking through the water-air barrier. The system consists of an underwater acoustic transmitter and a highly sensitive receiver that decodes the vibrations caused by the sonar signal.
Researchers at University of New South Wales developed a novel drug targeting Ceramide Synthase enzymes linked to insulin resistance. The drug successfully prevented mice from depositing and storing fat by increasing their ability to burn fat.
A new coating has been shown to reduce heat transfer and alleviate tensile stresses in ceramic materials, improving their thermal-shock behavior. The coating creates a vapor film that insulates the material from rapid temperature changes.
The NIH grant will support research on biological treatments and clinical diagnosis for patients with hearing loss, a condition affecting over 28 million Americans. Xue Zhong Liu's team will expand a genomic database and assess the impact of genomic testing on patients.
A new study from Barcelona Institute for Global Health found that women living closer to urban green spaces had a lower risk of breast cancer. The study, which analysed data from over 3,600 women in Spain, concluded that proximity to parks or gardens was associated with reduced breast cancer risk.
Calculations by Masafumi Noguchi confirm two-stage formation of Milky Way stars, with iron-rich stars forming after a gap in star birth. This discovery sheds light on the galaxy's dramatic history and provides insights into its formation.
Researchers at the University of Leicester conducted longitudinal ultrasound studies on mice with vascular disease to track disease progression. The study showed that ultrasound imaging can detect early changes in blood vessel function that may serve as a marker for detection of disease.
A new Portland State University study suggests that racial minorities are less likely to be labeled with learning disabilities despite facing greater challenges in education. The research highlights the need for early childhood programming and clear definitions of learning disabilities to address systemic inequalities.
Researchers at USC have found that the Southern California coast has some of the world's highest concentrations of domoic acid, a neurotoxin produced by microscopic algae. The study suggests that man-made sources of nutrients and environmental conditions contribute to the formation of algal blooms.
UCSB researchers have developed a highly efficient genome editing method that offers complete spatiotemporal control, allowing users to target specific cells or regions within the cell. This approach enables precise and transient gene editing with minimal long-term effects on DNA.
A Baylor study reveals that religiosity drives donors to give, but materialism decreases charitable giving. Researchers suggest fundraisers can use this knowledge to boost giving.
A new study suggests that orphaned female elephants receive more aggression from other elephants than non-orphans, making their social lives tougher. Orphans rebuild their relationships but have reduced interaction with adult females, affecting access to resources and long-term survival.
A recent University of Cincinnati study found that even brief exposure to secondhand smoke can lead to respiratory problems and increased absenteeism among teens. The study highlights the need for healthcare providers to educate parents and family members on preventing secondhand smoke exposure and treating tobacco use.
University of Texas at San Antonio researchers have developed improved computer models to predict the dispersal of chemical plumes, enabling more accurate evacuations. The models can simulate real-world conditions despite limited information, providing critical insights into the spread of toxic agents like sarin gas.
A University of Oklahoma professor will lead a coordinated research project studying the ecology of US streams that dry, with funding from the National Science Foundation. The study aims to understand how stream drying affects aquatic ecosystems and biodiversity across different climates.
A type of cellular stress known as senescence has been linked to Alzheimer's disease and other human brain diseases. Researchers identified senescent cells in postmortem tissue from Alzheimer's patients and found them in another brain disease, progressive supranuclear palsy.
Scientists have developed a novel approach to synthesize highly crystalline triazine frameworks, which demonstrate exceptional thermal stability and high photocatalytic efficiency. This method could be the starting point for industrial production of these frameworks.
A recent study found that vagus nerve stimulation significantly improves quality-of-life measures in treatment-resistant depression patients. The therapy shows promise for individuals who don't respond to traditional antidepressants or experience only partial improvement.
Analysis of Medicare Part D spending reveals $925 million difference between brand-name combo drugs and using generic components. Prescriber education and substitution policies can help reduce costs by promoting generic substitution.
A large international systematic review found that 78% of children with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis had successful treatment outcomes when treated with second-line MDR-TB drugs. The study highlights the need for HIV treatment in these children and the importance of aggressive solutions to address malnutrition.
A UMass Lowell researcher is translating the toughness of spider silks to develop high-performance synthetic biomaterials. The project aims to understand what makes Darwin's bark spider dragline silk ultra-tough and its potential applications in improving helmets, body armor, medical devices, sports gear, and more.
A six-session school-based program significantly reduced the chances that students would force sex on someone else, with an effect that held true over four years. The intervention also showed promise in reducing victimization, although this effect was not significant over the entire time period.
Research suggests that moderate drinking within recommended guidelines may have a cardioprotective effect, but unstable patterns over time increase the risk of coronary heart disease. Consistency is key, and lifestyle changes, such as retirement, may also play a role in differing risks.
The USPSTF has updated its recommendations for cervical cancer screening, varying by age and risk factors. Most cases occur among women who haven't been adequately screened, leading to a decrease in deaths from cervical cancer since widespread screening began.
Scientists have discovered how enveloped viruses, such as HIV and influenza, undergo critical structural changes before infecting host cells. The study used nano-infrared spectroscopic imaging to examine the virus's behavior in simulated cell environments and identified an antiviral compound that can block these changes.
A recent study found that antipsychotic medications are not proven to be effective for treating delirium in older adults after heart surgery, and may even cause heart rhythm problems and other dangerous side effects. The study suggests that the use of these medications is excessive and warrants more appropriate prescribing practices.
Research reveals a significant rise in falls among middle-aged women, with prevalence increasing from 9% to 30% between ages 40-64. The study emphasizes the importance of early prevention strategies to reduce falls and their consequences.
A UNIGE team discovered which brain zones are activated in anger and how the brain suppresses the act of revenge. The prefrontal dorsolateral cortex (DLPFC) plays a key role in regulating emotions, with higher activity during provocation phases leading to less punishment against unfair players.
A study by Georgia Institute of Technology found that dehydration alters human brain shape and activity, leading to a decline in task performance. The researchers used brain scans and simple tasks to test the effects of dehydration on cognitive function.
A $5.67 million federal grant will extend and expand research into acute kidney injury, affecting 1.2 million hospitalized patients yearly, with the goal of improving prevention and treatment strategies.
A newly discovered plant protein complex is crucial for a biological process called vacuole fusion, which is critical to plant growth and development. The study revealed that the curvature of vacuolar membranes plays an important role in their fusion.
Severe monsoon floods affected Kerala state in India with extreme rainfall totals of up to 469 mm. Heavy rain bands brought intense precipitation to the southwest coast of India.
Genital warts may increase the risk of HIV transmission if left untreated. Researchers found a higher density of HIV-target cells on anogenital warts, suggesting these lesions can be highly susceptible to infection.
Russian scientists have solved multicriteria problems of dynamic object control under uncertainty of external effects, enhancing the efficiency of controlling rotor motion in active magnetic bearings. The new methods utilize feedback control laws to minimize disturbance quenching levels and provide optimal solutions.
Researchers at NYIT have developed a 3D data modeling tool called IN-SOURCE to simulate and visualize the impact of environmental conditions on FEW distribution networks and urban infrastructure. The tool aims to help policymakers make informed decisions about infrastructure investments and mitigate the effects of climate change.
A UTA researcher has secured a five-year, $1.8 million grant to explore the role of mitochondria in boosting the immune response against pathogens like bacteria. His team aims to harness the mitochondrial unfolded protein response to develop new treatment options for patients.
Researchers at the University of Illinois created a unique study environment for cats to advance science and test an injectable contraceptive vaccine. The hybrid facility, dual-licensed as a USDA research facility and animal shelter, provided enriching conditions with furniture, toys, and outdoor enclosure.
Scientists find that DNA and RNA have memory properties, with two stable states, making them suitable for storing data. The minimum electric field required for switching is inversely proportional to the ratio of topological polar surface area to total surface area.
Researchers have developed a new approach to predict how plants in Arctic regions respond to warming, revealing that 16% of vegetated land is no longer temperature-limited today. By the year 2100, only 20% of vegetation will be limited by cold conditions.
Researchers created a lensless camera by connecting a digital sensor to a plexiglass window, which acts as a makeshift lens. The system can capture recognizable images with computer algorithms decoding the pixelated data. This innovation opens up possibilities for various applications, including augmented reality goggles and biometric ...
Researchers create nanobot pumps that neutralize nerve agents and administer antidotes, powered by the enzyme's chemical energy. The technology has applications in medicine, manufacturing, robotics, and fluidics, and could be used to treat diseases like diabetes and deliver targeted treatments.
Scientists have successfully manipulated individual dislocations in bilayer graphene using advanced electron microscopy and nanoscale robot arms. This breakthrough confirms long-standing theories of defect interactions and opens up new possibilities for studying plasticity.
The University of Maryland Baltimore County (UMBC) has partnered with the Chesapeake Conservancy to develop a more accurate map of the region's waterways using novel techniques. This project aims to prioritize restoration efforts and enhance enforcement of environmental laws in the Chesapeake Bay watershed.
A new collagen-based treatment has shown promise for reversing Type 1 diabetes in both humans and dogs, offering a minimally invasive alternative to traditional therapies. The treatment involves injecting a solution containing pancreatic cells mixed with collagen, which can restore insulin independence for at least 90 days.
The sudden departure of 800 medical trainees from Canada will negatively impact patient care. The Canadian government must step up funding for residency spots to avoid future shortages and ensure timely healthcare delivery.
Recent FDA research identified effective health messaging strategies for rural, non-Hispanic White males aged 12-17 years who are at risk of initiating or experimenting with smokeless tobacco. The findings suggest that authenticity and straightforward facts about the health consequences of SLT use resonate well with this audience.
Researchers tested two commercially available baby monitors, finding that one detected low oxygen levels inconsistently while the other falsely displayed low pulse rates. These alarming results highlight the need for regulation of these products to prevent unnecessary anxiety and medical interventions in healthy infants.
Researchers at Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center compared two common CAR designs in lab models and found that the CD28 CAR showed faster and stronger activity, while the 4-1BB CAR was more effective in clearing cancer cells. The study provides insights into how to improve immunotherapy by designing future generations of CAR T-cell therapies.