A new study suggests that performing simple leg exercises while lying down can help prevent impairment of blood vessel function caused by a sedentary lifestyle. The research found that even a brief period of inactivity reduced the ability to rapidly increase blood flow to the lower legs.
NASA's Terra satellite monitored Hurricane Lane's powerful storms, confirming strong thunderstorms capable of heavy rainfall. The storm is expected to make a turn toward the Hawaiian Islands, bringing large swells and excessive rainfall that could lead to flash flooding and mudslides.
A new study finds that while the link between union decline and wage inequality is weaker when accounting for individual worker characteristics, its effects remain significant. The study tracked individuals over a 42-year period and found that union decline led to lower wages and greater volatility in paychecks.
A simple blood test identifying patients unlikely to benefit from immunotherapy for bladder cancer could save months of unnecessary treatment. The test measures pro-inflammatory molecule Interleukin-2 release from immune cells before therapy and correctly predicted therapy outcome in almost 80% of cases.
Research suggests that the amygdala is involved in a person's ability to attend to the whites of another person's widened eyes, crucial for social functioning. The amygdala does not directly compute fear but rather acts as a context-sensitive sentinel for learning threat and reward.
The US Preventive Services Task Force recommends screening for cervical cancer every three to five years with primary hrHPV test alone or co-testing. This new approach aims to reduce participant burden and increase efficiency in cervical cancer screening.
A research team at UGA New Materials Institute has synthesized a food contact polymer to create a commercially viable, fully biodegradable plastic straw. The straws must perform as well as traditional plastic straws and be cost-effective over their entire life cycle.
Scientists at the University of Nottingham have found a way to produce Bioethanol using seawater and a novel marine yeast strain, reducing the need for freshwater resources. This breakthrough could help alleviate concerns over food crop and water usage, making it a more sustainable fuel alternative.
A study of 35,132 individuals found that unstable drinking patterns over time may increase heart disease risk, while consistent moderate drinking within recommended guidelines may have a cardioprotective effect. Consistency in drinking behavior is crucial for reaping the benefits.
A team of scientists has found direct evidence for surface-exposed water ice on the Moon, with patchy distribution and smaller abundance compared to other planetary bodies. The discovery was made using data from the Moon Mineralogy Mapper onboard India's Chandrayaan-1 mission.
A University of Michigan-developed algorithm has been shown to accurately detect fake news stories up to 76% of the time, surpassing human performance. The system uses linguistic analysis and can be used to identify fake news articles that are too new to be debunked by cross-referencing their facts with other stories.
Researchers at Boston Medical Center have developed a method to identify high-burden communities for drug-resistant tuberculosis in South Africa, tracking changes over five years. The study found that Cape Town townships and informal settlements saw the highest rates of drug-resistant TB.
A new technique links samples to individuals and locations, providing continuous national surveillance for eradicating tuberculosis and drug-resistant tuberculosis. The Western Cape Province in South Africa was used as a testing ground for this method, revealing spatially heterogeneous rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis rates.
Researchers at Arizona State University and the Mayo Clinic have found that certain blue clays may help fight disease-causing bacteria in wounds, including those resistant to antibiotics. The study's findings build on earlier research into the antibacterial properties of these clays.
A new program, Skills TO Manage Pain (STOMP), aims to address the unique needs of people living with HIV and chronic pain. The NIH-funded trial will evaluate the effectiveness of peer-led group sessions and sponsorship in managing pain.
A direct link has been discovered between protein aggregation in nerve cells and the regulation of gene expression in Huntington's disease. The study found that impaired autophagy leads to accumulation of misfolded proteins, including AGO2, which disrupts cell function and signal pathways.
Scientists have unraveled the behavior of electrical discharges on extremely small scales, revealing new insights into gas breakdown mechanisms. The study found that at these microscopic gap distances, no obvious discharge channel formed, and the voltage necessary for breakdown decreased linearly with decreasing gap distance.
Researchers at Mayo Clinic and Arizona State University have discovered that a type of clay can kill certain bacteria causing infections in wounds. The clay's antibacterial properties were tested against various bacterial strains, including those resistant to antibiotics.
A team of researchers has discovered a way to measure the effect of light momentum on materials, shedding new light on a 150-year-old mystery. The study reveals that light momentum is converted into force through elastic waves on mirrors.
A study published in Scientific Reports found that children's susceptibility to the McGurk effect decreases with age, while adults are more likely to be influenced by visual information. The research suggests a shift in sensory dominance across development, with reduced susceptibility in childhood and adult-like levels by 10 years of age.
Researchers have discovered a new family of enzymes in the human gut microbiome that can remove red blood cell antigens, enabling the conversion of type A and B blood into universal O-type blood. These enzymes are 30 times more effective than previously studied candidates, paving the way for potential clinical trials.
A team of researchers has investigated heat transport in a model system comprising nanometre-thin metallic and magnetic layers. The results showed that the heat is distributed much slower than expected, taking hundreds of times longer to reach thermal equilibrium.
A meta-analysis of 99 studies found that levothyroxine, a common medication for hypothyroidism, is inadequate in controlling high cholesterol levels. The study's findings suggest that patients may require additional therapies or adjustments to their treatment plans.
Researchers create 3D printing filaments from recycled plastic bottles and other waste materials, enabling rapid production of spare parts under combat conditions. The process could significantly reduce dependence on outside supply chains and enhance safety for troops in remote areas.
Researchers developed a new analytical method using sparse modeling to analyze atomic structure and structural fluctuation in materials. This method can determine radial structure and estimate Debye-Waller factor from measured data, indicating potential improvements in battery and electronic device performance.
Researchers analyzed over 23,000 tree cores to investigate how adult trees respond to changes in climatic conditions. The study found that trees responded to variations in climate during a roughly 40 year period and adapted locally.
The PLAY project aims to capture natural behavior of infants and mothers in their homes, providing a comprehensive dataset on infant development. The corpus will be shareable and searchable across domains, enabling researchers to address critical questions about behavioral cascades.
A study of almost 83,000 IVF patients found that women who produce 15 or more eggs benefit from frozen embryo transfers, while those producing fewer eggs see better results with fresh transfers. This challenges the long-held 'freeze-all' approach.
Researchers found that young, healthy individuals with elevated LDL cholesterol are still vulnerable to cardiovascular disease and coronary heart disease, even with a low 10-year risk. Lifestyle interventions and cholesterol-lowering medication may be necessary for these individuals to achieve healthy LDL levels.
Researchers at University of Stuttgart are developing tools to make supercritical heat transfer more viable using high-performance computing and machine learning. They explore using carbon dioxide as a cleaner alternative to water in power plants, which could reduce hardware requirements by ten-fold.
Researchers at MIT have discovered fragments of a protein found in the stomach that can kill certain bacteria, including those resistant to antibiotics. The peptides show promise as new candidates for treating infections and may be used to develop synthetic antibiotics.
Studies found associations between teleological thinking, creationism, and conspiracism, suggesting these beliefs share a common cognitive bias. Researchers aim to raise awareness about the flaws of conspiracy theories by highlighting their reliance on teleological reasoning.
A 5,000-year-old monumental cemetery near Lake Turkana in Kenya suggests alternative models for understanding the relationships between monuments and social change. The site's burial of diverse individuals with personalized ornamentation indicates no social stratification.
A new study reveals that carbon reservoirs in the tropical soils of the Yucatan peninsula region are still impacted by ancient Mayan deforestation. Soil carbon storage has changed dramatically over centuries and millennia, with ancient land use affecting long-term persistence.
A recent UBC study reveals that men assign less importance to care-oriented careers than women, possibly due to internalized values. The research found that men tend to devalue HEED careers and have lower communal values than women.
A recent study found that summer precipitation declines contribute to increased wildfire activity in the western United States, particularly on wetting rain days. The research suggests that precipitation may drive wildfire activity through its effect on air moisture, with decreased rainfall forecasted to exacerbate future wildfires.
A researcher proposes changes to the MCDHS, including addressing use and abuse separately, collecting input from a broader range of stakeholders, and targeting substance-specific experts. This could lead to a more robust understanding of drug risks and improved public health outcomes.
A data linkage study of over 1 million Danes found that childhood experience of parental cancer is linked to poorer school grades and lower educational attainment. Children whose parents had a poor chance of surviving five years or died from their disease also experienced lower earnings power as adults.
Using computer modeling, researchers have teased out the details of how an antibiotic pump works, revealing its 'lock' and mechanism. This breakthrough aims to develop new drugs that can plug the pump, potentially restoring antibiotics' effectiveness.
A multidisciplinary research team found a form of vitamin B3 has the potential to prevent acute kidney injury by boosting NAD+ levels in high-risk patients. The study suggests a non-invasive test and therapy for patients at risk for acute kidney injury.
Researchers have successfully tested a medicine that can treat hereditary angioedema by inhibiting the kallikrein enzyme, preventing severe swelling. The daily administration of the drug has been shown to prevent symptoms from developing, offering a new hope for patients suffering from this rare genetic disease.
Tropical Storm Cimaron displays a unique infrared pattern resembling a 'Picasso-like' face, characterized by cold cloud top temperatures and strong thunderstorms. The storm is forecast to intensify until its peak on Aug. 22, posing a threat to south central Japan's landfall on Aug. 23.
Researchers from IST Austria have developed a tool that automatically finds the best way of designing molds, producing optimized silicone mold pieces. The method can lower the cost of this fabricating technique, making it accessible for everyone.
The new ESCAT grading system helps distinguish between tumour DNA alterations relevant for targeted medicine decisions and those that aren't. The system enables clinicians to prioritize mutations and make data-driven treatment choices.
Researchers developed a single gene therapy vector that preserved retinal structure and function for over 8 months in a canine model of autosomal dominant retinitis pigmentosa. The treatment had potential implications for treating inherited retinal degeneration associated with the rhodopsin gene.
A statistical analysis of two Phase 3 clinical trials reveals a decrease in dengue vaccine efficacy with increasing antigen amino acid mismatch in children aged 2-8. In contrast, older children showed broader protective responses with prior virus exposure.
Salivary proteins could be part of a feedback loop that influences food taste and dietary choices. Researchers found that drinking bitter foods altered saliva protein composition, which corresponded to changes in sensory ratings.
A recent study published by the American Psychological Association found that teenagers are spending less time reading books, magazines, and newspapers, and more time on social media. The study analyzed data from over 1 million teenagers between 1976 and 2016, revealing a significant decline in traditional media consumption.
The West Coast of the United States is experiencing a massive wildfire season with over 1.9 million acres ablaze. The situation is exacerbated by warmer temperatures and dry conditions, leading to increased lightning strikes and potential for further blazes.
Researchers studied the correlation between radiation therapy dosage to the hypothalamus and pituitary gland and development of endocrine dysfunction in pediatric and young adult patients. The study found a strong association between radiation dose and age on the development of hormone deficiencies, supporting the benefits of advanced ...
A gene expression predictor was developed to indicate whether melanoma patients are likely to respond to immune checkpoint inhibitors, a novel type of immunotherapy. The predictor was accurate across multiple melanoma patient datasets and identified nearly all responders and more than half of non-responders.
Researchers from Toyohashi University of Technology discovered that smoldering combustion can sustain even under nearly 1% atmospheric pressure, challenging conventional fire extinguishing methods. The study's findings suggest that vacuumed operations to extinguish fires in space may fail unless proper conditions are achieved.
Researchers have crystallized serotonin receptors bound to several compounds, revealing why some drugs cause severe side effects while others do not. The study provides valuable insight into the receptor's structure and binding mechanisms, enabling drug developers to create safer and more effective medications.
A recent study found that rates of viral suppression among HIV-infected adults improved from 32% in 1997 to 86% in 2015, but disparities persist across demographic groups. Closing treatment gaps and addressing social and economic barriers to care will be essential to ending the US HIV epidemic.
A recent study using sewage epidemiology found significantly higher levels of methamphetamine and amphetamine use, as well as increased opioid consumption, during festive events. The researchers also confirmed the intuitive assumption that drug use rises during celebrations.
A blood management program safely reduced transfusions in orthopedic patients undergoing hip and knee replacement surgeries. The program implemented strategies to minimize bleeding, resulting in lower hemoglobin thresholds and reduced complications.
The Lothagam North Pillar Site is the earliest and largest monumental cemetery in eastern Africa, built by an egalitarian society of mobile pastoralists around Lake Turkana. The site's construction contradicts traditional theories about the emergence of social hierarchy and its relationship to monument building.
A Rice University scientist has developed a new method to diagnose quantum computers, reducing the need for expensive measurements. This approach uses compressed sensing to minimize data while ensuring accurate results, making it possible to validate even large-scale systems.
A new EU-wide study found that more than half of severe listeriosis cases belong to clusters, which are often not detected quickly enough by current surveillance systems. The use of whole genome sequencing could lead to faster detection of multi-country outbreaks, saving up to 5 months of investigations.
A study published in the American Journal of Epidemiology found that a healthy diet high in fruits, vegetables, and whole grains can promote healthy cellular aging in women. The researchers used telomere length as a measure of cellular aging and found that higher diet quality indices were associated with longer telomeres.