Articles tagged with Associative Memory
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Researchers at UC San Diego used functional magnetic resonance imaging to assess how memories are formed and compared recollected and familiar items. The data showed that the hippocampus is actively involved in both strong recollections and familiarities, challenging earlier assumptions about their separate functions.
Research shows that forgetting can be beneficial for memory and problem-solving. By eliminating irrelevant information, we can better retain and recall important details. This phenomenon is particularly evident in situations where updating our knowledge becomes necessary.
Research suggests that illusory memories can enhance survival by providing extra protection against predators. Additionally, these false memories can also contribute to improved problem-solving skills and a more optimistic self-concept. Memory illusions are seen as an adaptive mechanism, essential for human psychological well-being.
Research at Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory reveals that fruit flies' mushroom body neurons represent odors in a consistently sparse fashion, with patterns of firing being randomly distributed within the brain area. This finding suggests that the fly's brain uses sparsity to form accurate memories.
A cross-sectional study found that older patients with heart failure and low left ventricle function experience reduced verbal memory performance, particularly delayed recall and recognition. The association between heart failure severity and cognitive impairment is complex and warrants further research.
Researchers have developed a graphene-based device that stores information in ferroelectric material, increasing fidelity and reducing operating voltage. The device's high-speed performance is expected to overcome issues associated with traditional memory devices.
A team of scientists identified the MB-V2 nerve cells as crucial for recalling associative memories in fruit flies. The study showed that these cells receive information from the mushroom body and relay it to other nerve cells, enabling memory 'read-out' and guiding behavior.
Researchers develop a way to duplicate the neural mechanism of learning in rats, restoring memory function. The team's artificial hippocampal system can strengthen internal brain memory and enhance cognitive processes, paving the way for potential treatments for Alzheimer's disease and other neurological disorders.
Researchers found that successful testing improves memory performance in all three types of memory: cue, target, and associative. The study suggests that repeated retrieval practice boosts memory, regardless of the type of memory being tested.
New research from UC Davis found that high theta waves before recalling a memory are associated with better performance, contradicting the assumption that the brain waits for external stimuli. The study suggests that most of the brain is busy with internal activity unrelated to the outside world.
Researchers found that metyrapone, a stress hormone-reducing drug, impaired memory recall for negative events in men, but not neutral ones. The study offers hope for future clinical treatments of post-traumatic stress disorder by allowing people to 'write-over' traumatic memories during therapy.
A cognitive psychologist urges memory researchers to consider the complexity of human memory, arguing that simple experimental tasks can oversimplify its nature. He highlights the importance of involuntary reminding, which creates a coherent record of our interactions with the environment.
Research reveals that collaboration can both hinder and help memory, with 'collaborative inhibition' affecting recall for various tasks. This phenomenon is attributed to 'retrieval disruption,' 'social contagion of errors,' and the benefits of collaborative learning, including error correction and cross-cuing.
A UCSF study has found a link between chronic brain inflammation and memory decline in older adults. The study, which examined the effects of C-reactive protein on memory, showed that high levels of this protein correlate with poorer verbal recall and smaller medial temporal lobes.
A study by Kent State University researcher John Gunstad found that bariatric surgery patients showed improved memory function 12 weeks after their operations. The researchers tested 150 participants and discovered a link between weight loss and enhanced cognitive abilities.
A new brain-imaging study has identified specific brain activity associated with 'A-ha!' moments, which may promote the formation of long-term memories. The researchers found that higher activity in the amygdala during insight moments predicted more successful performance in memory tasks.
A study found that older adults with the APOE ε4 allele who reside in psychosocially hazardous neighborhoods exhibit poorer cognitive performance in various domains, including processing speed and executive function. The presence of APOE ε4 alleles in African American populations also showed a significant impact on cognitive function.
Researchers found that older adults rely on implicit memory, which influences behavior without awareness, while younger adults use explicit memory. This discovery has implications for age-specific marketing and learning strategies, as well as our understanding of cognitive decline with age.
Researchers at MIT's Picower Institute of Learning and Memory discovered that relatively minor details are sometimes linked to long-term memories. They found that irrelevant information that follows a relevant event is more likely to be integrated into long-term memory, and that this can occur within an hour and a half after the event.
UCI researchers identified a novel mechanism in the brain that boosts memory by strengthening and prolonging memories of negative events to simple objects. Neuropeptide S activation prepares the brain for learning, leading to remarkable memory improvement with long-lasting effects.
A study found that playing Tetris after viewing traumatic images reduced memory flashbacks in healthy volunteers. However, playing a word-based quiz game increased flashbacks. The researchers suggest that Tetris competes with the brain's perceptual information channel, reducing traumatic memories.
Research at University of Illinois found that physically fit children have a bigger hippocampus and perform better on tests of memory. A study using MRI measures found associations between aerobic fitness and improved cognitive tasks in pre-adolescent children.
A study published by the American Academy of Neurology found that brain lesions associated with dementia contribute to mild memory loss in older adults. The study of 350 Catholic nuns and priests revealed a gradual decline in memory until the last four to five years of life.
Researchers found that people who watched videos of someone else performing simple actions were more likely to falsely remember doing the same action themselves two weeks later. This phenomenon, known as observation inflation, may be due to internal simulation of what others are doing while observing them.
Researchers at Washington University in St. Louis found that sleep strengthens weak associations in the brain, improving prospective memory and recall of future intentions. The study showed that a good night's sleep helps individuals carry out their plans more effectively by enhancing the link between context and intention.
Researchers mapped over 4 billion neuronal interactions to reveal synchronized brain areas during working memory tasks. The study shows that rhythmic activity between brain regions is linked to both memory maintenance and content.
Researchers at Jena University found that verbal stimuli can activate the pain matrix in the brain, activating areas that process pain. The study used functional magnetic resonance tomography (fMRT) to investigate how healthy subjects process words associated with experiencing pain.
Researchers at New York University found that memory consolidation strengthens during periods of awake rest, not just sleep. This process boosts brain activity in the hippocampus and cortex, leading to better retention of information and improved cognitive function.
A new magnesium compound, MgT, has been shown to boost learning abilities, working memory, and short- and long-term memory in rats. The study suggests that maintaining normal or higher levels of magnesium may help slow age-related loss of cognitive function and prevent diseases affecting cognitive function.
A recent study using fMRI found that men tend to process emotional stimuli in terms of required action, while women focus on the feelings engendered by these stimuli. Women showed stronger activation in the left thalamus when viewing negative images, indicating a stronger neural circuit for identification of emotional stimuli.
A brain imaging study found that first scents have a unique signature in the brain, regardless of whether they're pleasant or unpleasant. Early odor memories are more easily recalled, especially for bad smells, and can be predicted by brain activity.
Researchers used optogenetics to stimulate 12 cells in fly brains, creating false memories of an unpleasant event. This discovery provides new insights into how simple organisms can form complex cognitive associations.
New research shows that dopamine reinforces drug-associated memories, driving and perpetuating addiction. The study found that nicotine induces synaptic potentiation, which correlates with the mice learning to prefer a place associated with the nicotine dose.
Researchers at Baylor College of Medicine found that nicotine strengthens neuronal connections in the brain, creating memory associations between environmental cues and smoking behavior. This process is thought to underlie why former smokers often experience strong cravings when exposed to triggers such as bars or meals with friends.
Two large studies using DHA showed mixed results, with no benefit in people with mild to moderate Alzheimer's but a positive result in healthy older adults. The findings highlight the need for earlier detection and diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease, as well as further research on genetic interactions.
The researcher aims to understand how neurons store information and decide which memories to retain. UT San Antonio scientist Brian Derrick is studying the role of the dentate gyrus in preserving episodic memories using a $917,000 NIH grant.
Researchers found online obituaries enable a community of mourners to share stories and condolences, but pose ethical concerns for newspapers about maintaining public memory and distinguishing between official and user-generated content. Online guestbooks allow readers to post comments and e-mail them to other mourners.
A study found that sleep selectively preserves memories of emotionally salient scenes, with benefits lasting up to four months. The sleeping brain calculates what is most important about an experience and selects only the adaptive elements for consolidation and long-term storage.
A study of 717 Medicare recipients found that older adults incorrectly reported having had a stroke, with lower sensitivity and specificity compared to MRI scans. Factors such as memory impairment, cognitive decline, and hypertension also contributed to false-negative reports.
Researchers at Case Western Reserve University have discovered a form of synaptic memory in the olfactory bulb, which could explain how we store information about specific smells. This finding provides a new perspective on the brain's processing of sensory information and has implications for understanding human memory.
A recent study found that a specific region of the brain serves as a hub linking familiar music, memories, and emotions. The medial prefrontal cortex region is crucial for supporting and retrieving memories, and it also tracks tonal progressions in music, strengthening autobiographical memory connections.
A new Northwestern University study uses brain-reading technology to show that people can be more accurate in recognizing familiar images when distracted or guessing than when paying full attention. The research suggests that implicit recognition may play a significant role in everyday decision-making and problem-solving.
A new study published in Neurology, a journal of the American Academy of Neurology, found that higher education levels do not slow down the rate of memory loss. Despite initial improvements in memory and thinking skills with more education, these advantages did not translate to slower decline over time.
Researchers found that déjà vu experiences are associated with a sense of familiarity, even when the source is unknown. The study suggests that specific aspects of current situations can trigger feelings of familiarity, leading to Déjà vu experiences.
Researchers have discovered that the blood-boosting effects of erythropoietin are not related to its impact on cognition. Instead, EPO directly influences neurons in the brain, improving memory and cognitive function. The findings may lead to new treatments for neurodegenerative diseases.
A new study published in Neuron reveals that the perirhinal cortex can contribute to forming memories by creating simple associations between items. This finding expands our understanding of how brain areas involved in memory formation are organized, potentially leading to new insights into memory disorders such as Alzheimer's disease.
A new study shows that people can create false memories of their past, which can lead to lasting changes in their behavior. Participants who were told they had become ill after eating egg salad as children avoided the food and gave it lower evaluations than those who did not develop false memories.
Researchers at the University of Cambridge have discovered that disrupting or erasing memories associated with drug use during recall can prevent relapse in recovering drug abusers. By blocking a brain chemical receptor important to learning and memory, scientists reduced drug-seeking behaviors in rats for up to four weeks.
Researchers have discovered a new process that regulates adverse responses to bad memories by working on a tiny group of neurons inside the amygdala. By blocking or activating specific receptors, scientists can speed up or slow down traumatic responses, offering potential new treatments for panic disorders.
Researchers from the American Heart Association report a link between low levels of high-density lipoproteins (HDL) and increased risk of memory loss and dementia. Studies found that participants with low HDL cholesterol showed a higher risk of memory decline compared to those with high HDL, particularly in late midlife.
A study by researchers at the University of Illinois Chicago found that women experience underreported hot flashes and these symptoms are linked to poor verbal memory. Objective measurement of hot flashes reveals a strong relationship between the number of hot flashes and memory performance.
A recent meta-analysis found that smoking is associated with increased risk of poor memory among middle-age adults. Long-term ex-smokers also showed improvement in other health behaviors after quitting smoking.
Nautilus pompilus demonstrated short-term memory lasting up to an hour before fading away, but remembering it again after 6 hours. The living fossil's memory was comparable to that of modern cephalopods, challenging the assumption that complex brains are necessary for memory.
A University of Missouri researcher found a way to isolate and test genes related to memory by manipulating compounds associated with the fly brain. This discovery could lead to new treatments for Parkinson's disease and depression.
Researchers found that tobacco hornworm caterpillars could be trained to avoid specific odors, and adult moths emerged from the pupae of these caterpillars also avoided the same odors. The study suggests that memory retention is dependent on the maturity of the developing caterpillar's brain.
A new five-year study aims to identify modifiable beliefs and behaviors that boost memory performance in middle-aged and older adults. By assessing psychological and physiological pathways, researchers hope to develop effective interventions to reduce distress, impairment, and dependence.
Michael Davis has made significant advances in understanding the neural basis of fear and its applications to psychiatric research, including a proposal for using NMDA receptor signaling to enhance fear extinction. His work has shown promise in treating disorders such as PTSD, OCD, and social phobia.
Researchers found that asking people to choose among products primes them to think about positive attributes, leading to a more favorable evaluation of subsequent items. In another experiment, participants who ranked hotel prices from highest to lowest were willing to pay an average of $19 more than those who did the reverse.
Studies show that humans do not experience events in slow motion during crisis situations. Instead, longer durations are a result of memory distortion and increased activity in brain areas associated with fear response. This understanding is crucial for grasping how time is represented in the brain.
The Gerontological Society of America has awarded USC's Mara Mather the 2007 Richard Kalish Innovative Publication Award for her groundbreaking research on memory in older adults. Her work challenges traditional notions of memory as an exact photograph, highlighting the role of cognitive control in emotional memory.