Articles tagged with Controversy
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
A Kanazawa University researcher identifies features limiting UNESCO's Memory of the World program, focusing on disagreement between China and Japan over Nanjing Massacre documents. The professor proposes alleviating tension through state participation and transparency in the nomination process.
Physicists at MIPT and their colleagues revealed the mechanisms leading to photocurrent in graphene under terahertz radiation. The study sets the stage for developing high-sensitivity terahertz detectors, essential for medical diagnostics, wireless communications, and security systems.
A new statistical method, ADGN, matches multiple records with precision and identifies the scope of discrimination when applied to voter ID laws. The research found that white registered voters are significantly more likely to possess a voter ID than African-American or Hispanic voters.
A new University of Michigan study reveals the NFL's transformation from a leader in avoiding concussion discussion to one that now leads the charge. The league has implemented significant changes, including creating expert-only committees and advocating for legislation, to address the issue, which had previously damaged its public image.
Recent study in Journal of Wildlife Management suggests trophy hunting doesn't drive artificial selection, altering horn and antler sizes. Researchers argue that numerous obstacles counteract hunter selection, minimizing population-level changes.
Researchers have developed a solution to a longstanding problem in end-to-end encryption, which ensures only sender and recipient can read a message. The new protocol, called DECIM, forces attackers to leave evidence of any such activity and alerts users to take action.
A UC researcher examines how President Trump's 'hell of a lot worse than waterboarding' rhetoric affects legal norms. The study finds that the Trump administration is breaking from previous administrations' efforts to justify controversial practices.
A new study by LMU assesses the benefits and risks of social media monitoring apps, highlighting their use in verification and tracking individuals across multiple networks. While some see these tools as useful for journalists, others express concerns over personal privacy and potential misuse.
A new study resolves the ongoing debate about the Sun's cyclic behavior by showing it follows the same pattern as other nearby solar-type stars. The research suggests that the Sun's magnetic cycle depends on its rotation rate and luminosity, advancing scientists' understanding of stellar magnetic fields.
A UTA-led interdisciplinary team is developing a computer program to detect social bots spreading fake news on Twitter. The project will leverage sophisticated algorithms and data mining techniques to combat the bots and spread of misinformation.
A population-based study found that a 2014 consensus statement endorsing minimal negative margins led to decreased reoperations and increased rates of breast-conserving surgery. Final surgical treatment rates also shifted towards mastectomy, resulting in overtreatment reduction.
Participants shared concerns about providers accessing their browsing history, verbal abuse, and harassment. Eleven Wikipedia editors expressed similar fears, despite helping shape the online resource.
A new study found that people felt more goodwill from Tom Brady when he started his answers with 'I don't know', which made him dodge questions less. The research suggests that sports stars may win by saying 'I don't know' to gain favor with the public.
A recent study found that a period of controversy over statin risks and benefits led to a temporary increase in people stopping their statin treatment in the UK. The study, published in The BMJ, suggests that widespread media coverage may have impacted healthcare-related behavior.
Men with low-grade prostate cancer are increasingly opting for active surveillance, a management strategy that monitors the cancer's progression without immediate treatment. The study found that about 59% of patients managed by active surveillance remained on this approach after five years.
Research suggests that long-term high-intensity exercise may lead to permanent structural changes in the heart, increasing the risk of arrhythmias. A review by sports cardiologist André La Gerche argues that large prospective studies are needed to fully understand the effects of intense exercise on heart health.
A Rutgers University study found that both experienced and inexperienced Bitcoin users have false beliefs about its functionality. The researchers discovered that users overestimate the anonymity of transactions and desire government insurance, despite being anti-government and anti-regulation.
Two letters to the editor debate the use of memory-based dietary assessment methods (M-BMs) in formulating dietary policies. Experts disagree on the credibility of M-BMs, with some arguing they are scientifically invalid and others citing limitations that can be mitigated by using multiple data sources.
The study expands the known distributional range of five squids, including Abraliopsis and Pterygioteuthis, with surprising finds at depths over 600m. These elasmobranch predators play a vital role in the food web, but their abundance is highly dependent on temperature.
Researchers say that the Black Widow controversy sparked by her romantic subplot with Bruce Banner fueled a surge in online sexism and misogyny. Fan anger over the scene where Natasha Romanoff confesses to being sterilized was partly due to a growing female fan culture, as well as the underrepresentation of women in comics.
Active surveillance can reduce overtreatment by almost 50 percent at 15 years, according to a new review article. The approach involves monitoring and testing patients with regular intervals, rather than immediate treatment. The authors found that this strategy can balance the risk of overdiagnosis and overtreatment in prostate cancer.
A new species of crayfish, Cherax snowden, has been identified in West Papua, Indonesia, and is easily distinguishable from its relatives. The species was named after Edward Snowden due to its orange coloration and shape of body.
A study published in the Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery found that delaying surgery for severe mitral regurgitation until symptoms appear doubles the risk of postoperative mortality and heart failure. Early surgery, on the other hand, provides the best long-term outcomes, with lower mortality and congestive heart failur...
A new study using data from six continents provides strong evidence supporting the humped-back model (HBM) of plant species richness. The HBM theory suggests that environmental stress can lead to low plant productivity, with highly competitive species dominating at high productivity levels. The research found a very strong correlation ...
A recent study found that only 25% of amateur athletes undergoing hypoxic training receive specialist monitoring, putting them at risk for health problems such as increased breathlessness, anaemia, and muscle loss. The lack of regulation among amateur athletes leads to ineffective training efforts and increased health risks.
Astronomers used a global network of radio telescopes to measure the distance to the Pleiades star cluster, resolving a long-standing controversy. The result is a precise measurement of 443 light-years, accurate to within one percent.
Researchers found that breast-feeding has a protective effect on the risk of obesity at 20 years old. A diet rich in fat after breast-feeding also appears to reduce body fat, while low-fat diets may mask the benefits of breast milk.
Recent publication in the European Heart Journal questioned the use of beta blockers in perioperative care, sparking debate. A new editorial addresses these concerns, highlighting the importance of dosing and starting time of betablockade before surgery on outcome.
The American College of Physicians has published new research on MERS, highlighting the need for better understanding and collaboration to combat its potential as a major public health threat. Guidelines for cholesterol treatment have also been released, sparking debate among physicians, while expert advice is offered on effective scre...
Researchers discovered a mathematical law that explains a wide range of human confrontations, including child-parent struggles, cyber-attacks, and civil unrest. The 'power-law' formula can be applied to make quantitative predictions about future attacks and create intervention strategies.
The introduction of the HPV vaccine was introduced in a manner that generated cultural conflict, leading to low vaccination rates. In contrast, the Hepatitis B vaccine was introduced with less controversy and higher completion rates. The article highlights the importance of using evidence-based strategies to anticipate and avoid recurr...
Researchers found that moderately controversial articles received more comments than less or more controversial ones. Companies should avoid evoking high levels of controversy to generate buzz
A recent study published in Nature found that a single phenomenon of global warming in the Arctic - the release of methane from thawing permafrost - could have an average global price tag of $60 trillion. The authors modeled various methane release scenarios and stressed that the impacts of Arctic warming will be felt worldwide.
Researchers at EMBL used super-resolution microscopy to determine the arrangement of Y-shaped molecules in the nuclear pore complex, resolving a decade-old controversy. The study found that the Ys lie in an orderly circle around the opening, with all arms pointing towards the centre.
A study of BitTorrent file-sharing found that digital game piracy is more prevalent than thought, with popular titles like Fallout: New Vegas and Call of Duty: Black Ops driving most sharing activity. The analysis contradicts common myths, showing that children's and family games are also pirated.
A Swiss government-protected field site will provide a secure environment for GM crop researchers, enabling them to conduct experiments without security measures. This model could help European countries evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of GM crops in an objective manner.
A new study by University of Warwick economists reveals that lobbyists' revenues fall by 24% when their former employer leaves government office, highlighting the significant value of personal connections in US politics. The research uses public directories to quantify the impact of these connections on lobbyist earnings.
Researchers at the University of Michigan have found that Vega, a star used as a reference point for measuring other stars' brightness, is approximately 200 million years older than previously estimated. The star's rotation rate and mass were also precisely measured using the Michigan Infrared Combiner tool.
Prostate cancer cases expected to reach nearly 242,000 diagnoses in 2012. New guidelines introduce active surveillance as a viable alternative to immediate treatment for low-risk tumors.
Rudy M. Baum's thought-provoking editorials tackled global climate change, population growth, and human rights, challenging the scientific community to think deeply about these issues. The symposium featuring eminent scientists and policy experts aimed to continue his legacy of sparking meaningful discourse on contentious science topics.
A 1998 medical journal publication sparked concerns about an alleged link between the MMR vaccine and autism, leading to a decline in vaccination rates. The controversy persisted even after epidemiological studies refuted the claim. Research found that higher-educated mothers were less likely to vaccinate their children.
A recent study found that labeling vegetable content in snack foods does not alter taste preference in children. Instead, introducing a variety of vegetables may be more effective in promoting consumption. The study enrolled 68 elementary and middle school children and tested their preferences for labeled versus unlabeled samples.
New research suggests Triceratops and Torosaurus should be classified into two distinct groups, based on morphological and computational analysis of 35 specimens. The study found evidence that some Torosaurus skulls were immature, contradicting previous hypotheses.
The American Society for Microbiology publishes commentaries on the NSABB's biosecurity recommendations, weighing in on whether details of H5N1 virus experiments should be suppressed. Key experts argue over the balance between public health and scientific freedom.
Research led by John Scannella confirms that Triceratops is a single genus, resolving debate over the classification of Torosaurus and Nedoceratops. The study reveals that significant skeletal changes during development and natural variation within the genus cause specimens to exhibit varying features.
Physicists from the University of Pisa and the Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche have put an end to the debate on the glass transition temperature of water. They found that the magic number is approximately 136 Kelvin (-137 Celsius) using a thorough study of water's dynamics, supporting traditional views and refuting recent claims.
A study found that North America's first supervised injecting facility in Vancouver, Canada, helped reduce the number of fatal overdoses in the community by 35%. The area within 500m of the facility experienced a significant decrease in fatal overdose rates compared to the rest of the city.
A University of Minnesota researcher found that public support for the HPV vaccine decreases when linked to controversy in the media. In contrast, support for other vaccines remains stable, suggesting a need for responsible reporting on health policies.
A new study found that active surveillance is a suitable treatment option for patients with low-risk prostate cancer, resulting in lower mortality rates compared to radical prostatectomy or radiation therapy. After a median follow-up of 8.2 years, the surveillance group had a higher percentage of deaths from competing causes.
Researchers discovered a link between height loss and vertebral fractures in postmenopausal women. The study found that patients with a height loss of at least 4 cm were more likely to have an existing vertebral fracture. This suggests that measuring height loss could be an accurate method for detecting spinal fractures.
The special issue examines the role of intelligence within government, organisational structures, and coordination. It presents a fascinating analysis of historical and contemporary security and intelligence, highlighting the need for co-ordination and 'joined up' approaches.
A study published in PLoS Medicine discusses the challenges of designing clinical trials when there is no consensus on usual medical care. The authors recommend specific criteria for assessing proposed study designs and highlight the importance of comparing management of conditions to standard care.
Dr. Feinman will present on the controversy surrounding dietary strategies for diabetes treatment, stating that carbohydrate consumption raises blood glucose levels. He emphasizes that there is scientific consensus on this issue, but disagrees with healthcare professionals' advice.
An international body of earth scientists has agreed to move the Quaternary age boundary by 800,000 years, formalizing a natural event marking the start of global climate cooling. This decision ends decades of controversy and provides a fixed point for geological research.
A new study re-examines Kammerer's experiments and finds remarkable resemblances to newly discovered aspects of epigenetics. Kammerer's data shows consistency with current epigenetic mechanisms, providing new biological arguments in favor of the authenticity of his midwife toad experiments.
Researchers investigate strange river behavior in Arizona, attributing it to ancient tectonic extension. In another paper, scientists study active low-angle normal faults in Mexico, resolving a long-standing controversy on their existence.
Dental amalgam has been deemed safe and effective for over 200 years, with the majority of health risks associated with large doses. A person would need hundreds of amalgam fillings to experience symptoms of mercury toxicity, according to Dr. Rod Mackert.
Researchers dispute a recent study that creates a different family tree for the hippo, arguing that it ignores important DNA data. Hippos are closest living relatives of whales, according to most DNA evidence from the last 12-13 years.
A survey of researchers found that many engaged in self-censorship after public debate about NIH grant funding, removing politically sensitive language and stopping certain topics. The study also showed that some researchers strengthened their commitment to complete their research despite controversy.
A study found that surgical removal of small colon polyps is not necessary due to low risk of cancer development. The study suggests that imaging surveillance for isolated small polyps detected during CT colonography may be an alternative to unnecessary colonoscopy procedures.