Undetected strokes increase risk
Researchers found that 95% of people aged 65 have brain small vessel disease, while a quarter of healthy seniors have silent strokes. Regular exercise can delay onset of late life dementia, says Dr. Sandra Black.
Dementia
Articles tagged with Dementia
Living with dementia and making decisions
A two-year study funded by ESRC explores how married couples make decisions, from daily routines to complex choices. The findings highlight the importance of supporting people with dementia in decision-making processes, considering their relationship dynamics and individual preferences.
Dementia patients face burdensome transitions in last 90 days
A new study found that nearly 1 in 5 dementia patients experience burdensome transitions in the last 90 days of life, including repeated hospitalizations and relocations, which can be unnecessary and stressful for families.
A gene for Lou Gehrig's disease and frontotemporal dementia identified
A gene for Lou Gehrig's disease and frontotemporal dementia has been identified by researchers at the University of California - San Francisco. The mutated gene, C9ORF72, is associated with nearly 12% of familial cases and over 22% of sporadic cases of the diseases., Scientists have discovered a genetic mutation that triggers both Lou ...
Human genetics study identifies the most common cause of ALS and dementia
A new human genetic mutation, C9ORF72 repeat expansion, is identified as the most common cause of ALS and frontotemporal dementia. This mutation explains at least a third of all familial cases in Europeans and nearly half of all cases in Finland.
Humor as effective as medication in treating agitation in dementia
A new study found that humor therapy reduces agitation in dementia patients by 20%, comparable to widely used antipsychotic drugs. This approach also improves happiness and positive behaviors, but effects are short-lived once the program ends.
New genetic mutation for ALS identified
A new genetic mutation has been discovered in the C9ORF72 gene, responsible for over a third of familial ALS cases. The repeated DNA sequence causes toxic RNA buildup, leading to motor neuron demise and disease progression.
UCLA scientists uncover potential target for treating common form of early-onset dementia
Researchers found that a key signaling pathway, Wnt, plays an important role in the disease and may offer a potential treatment target. The study suggests increasing a specific receptor, FZD2, could promote brain-cell survival and alleviate symptoms.
New genetic mutation is the most common cause of familial forms of frontotemporal dementia and ALS
A recent study by Mayo Clinic researchers has found a genetic abnormality that is the most common cause of two neurodegenerative diseases: frontotemporal dementia (FTD) and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). The mutation, located in the C9ORF72 gene, was found in nearly 12% of familial FTD patients and over 22% of familial ALS patients.
Diabetes may significantly increase your risk of dementia
A recent study published in Neurology found that people with diabetes are twice as likely to develop dementia as those with normal blood sugar levels. The study, which monitored over 1,000 participants for an average of 11 years, also found that controlling diabetes is crucial to prevent cognitive decline.
Reassurance for dementia sufferers on impact of common drugs
Researchers have found that taking common medications for dementia does not cause further cognitive decline in those already suffering from the condition. The study involved 224 participants with established Alzheimer's dementia and suggests that low doses of certain medications may be safe for people with dementia.
Small group homes are better for many dementia patients and their families
A study of two small group living care homes in the Netherlands found that residents felt at home, maintained their identity, and benefited from family involvement. The domestic environment and normal daily activities provided stability and clarity.
Aerobic exercise may reduce the risk of dementia, Mayo Clinic researchers say
Researchers found aerobic exercise can preserve cognitive abilities and slow dementia progression. The study, published in Mayo Clinic Proceedings, suggests exercise should not be overlooked as a therapy against dementia.
Moderate drinking protects against Alzheimer's and cognitive impairment
Researchers found moderate drinkers were 23% less likely to develop cognitive impairment or Alzheimer's disease. Moderate drinking was more beneficial than beer or spirits, but the finding was based on a relatively small number of studies.
Sleep apnea linked to increased risk of dementia in elderly women
Elderly women with sleep apnea are twice as likely to develop dementia in five years, according to a study published in the Journal of the American Medical Association. Oxygen deprivation may be the key factor leading to diminished cognition.
Sleep-disordered breathing may increase risk of cognitive impairment, dementia among older women
A study found that older women with sleep-disordered breathing were more likely to develop cognitive impairment or dementia than those without. Measures of hypoxia, not sleep fragmentation or duration, were associated with an increased risk.
Improving early diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease
A new diagnostic test is being developed to pick up the presence of Alzheimer's disease and other dementias much sooner than possible currently, allowing for more effective treatment. The research could mean patients will receive timely treatment that slows down devastating symptoms.
Common irregular heartbeat raises risk of dementia
Atrial fibrillation increases dementia risk by 40-50% through weakening heart function and inflammation, study suggests. Researchers found a link between the condition and cognitive decline in older adults.
SourceGroup Health Research Institute·JournalJournal of the American Geriatrics Society·DateAug 6, 2011
New JNM research supports upcoming Alzheimer's disease guidelines
The studies focus on positron emission tomography (PET) to differentiate between types of dementia and identify pharmaceuticals to slow dementia progression. PET scores provide a valid biomarker for monitoring Alzheimer's disease progression.
SourceSociety of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging·JournalJournal of Nuclear Medicine·DateAug 1, 2011
Caregivers and their relatives disagree about care given, received
A study found that caregivers and their relatives with mild to moderate dementia have differing perceptions of care quality. The team's results suggest that adult children underestimate the importance of core values held by their relatives, leading to potential miscommunication as dementia worsens.
High blood pressure, diabetes, smoking and obesity in middle age may shrink brain, damage thinking
A study found that high blood pressure, diabetes, smoking, and obesity in middle age can lead to brain shrinkage and decreased cognitive function over time. The study involved 1,352 participants without dementia and found associations between these risk factors and white matter hyperintensities and executive function decline.
Hospice improves care for dementia patients and their families
A survey of 538 family members found that hospice care significantly improved the provision of care and support for nursing home patients with dementia and their families. Family members of hospice recipients reported lower levels of unmet needs, pain management concerns, and emotional support needs.
Inherited Alzheimer's detectable 20 years before dementia
Researchers have identified detectable changes in biological markers in the spinal fluid up to 20 years before dementia onset. Participants with inherited Alzheimer's mutations exhibit lower amyloid beta and higher tau protein levels in their cerebrospinal fluid, indicating potential for prevention trials.
Trial shows that 2 main antidepressants prescribed for dementia patients with depression provide no benefit yet increased side effects
A recent trial found that sertraline and mirtazapine, commonly prescribed antidepressants for dementia patients with depression, provide no benefit but increase side effects. The study suggests that clinicians should reframe their approach to treating depression in Alzheimer's disease, considering alternative treatments.
Adult day care services provide much-needed break to family caregivers
Researchers found that adult day care centers alleviate caregiver stress and improve dementia patient behavior, sleep quality. The study showed significant reductions in caregiver stress and behavioral problems when dementia patients attended daycare, compared to staying home.
Keeping up your overall health may keep dementia away
A recent study suggests that keeping up with general health factors, such as denture fit, vision, and hearing, may reduce the risk of developing dementia. The study found that each health problem increased a person's odds of developing dementia by 3.2 percent compared to those without such problems.
New clues to the cause of Alzheimer's disease
Scientists have identified new proteins in human cerebrospinal fluid that may help diagnose Alzheimer's disease earlier and develop effective treatments, offering hope for patients and their families affected by the condition.
SourceUniversity of Gothenburg·JournalProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences·DateJun 30, 2011
GPs missing early dementia -- new study
A new study by the University of Leicester found that GPs struggle to identify people in the early stages of dementia, resulting in both missed cases and misidentifications. The research analyzed 15,277 patients with cognitive disorders, identifying a significant number of false positives.
Cancer drug holds promise as first treatment for common, inherited dementia
Researchers at UT Southwestern Medical Center found that the cancer drug SAHA increases cell-signalling protein progranulin levels in cultured mouse cells and restores near-normal production in human subjects with FTD. The study suggests SAHA may be a promising first-generation treatment for familial frontotemporal dementia.
Relief on the way for delirium patients
A new intervention using cognitive activities is being tested to help patients with delirium superimposed on dementia. The study, funded by the National Institutes of Health, aims to improve physical function and resolution of delirium.
More focus needed on mental health triage in disaster preparedness, Johns Hopkins bioethicists urge
Survivors with pre-existing mental conditions, such as schizophrenia and dementia, are vulnerable to long-term harm after disasters. Disaster-response planners must prioritize their needs alongside those of physically injured individuals.
SourceJohns Hopkins Medicine·JournalBiosecurity and Bioterrorism Biodefense Strategy Practice and Science·DateMay 23, 2011
Study: Memory problems often not present in middle-aged people with Alzheimer's disease
A new study published in Neurology suggests that more than half of people diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease before age 60 are initially misdiagnosed due to atypical symptoms. Researchers found that 53% of those with no memory problems were incorrectly diagnosed, highlighting the need for biomarkers to improve diagnosis and treatment.
Dementia, mild cognitive impairment common in 'oldest old' women
According to a recent report, dementia and mild cognitive impairment are prevalent among 'oldest old' women, who are 85 years of age and older. The prevalence of these conditions increases with age, with the highest rates found in women over 90 years old.
Families need to know more about feeding tubes for elderly dementia patients
A new survey finds that discussions surrounding feeding tube insertion are often inadequate, with 13.7% of family members stating medical providers inserted the tube without discussion first. Despite research questioning the value of feeding tubes, 32.9% of people in the survey reported improved quality of life for their loved ones.
Packing on the pounds in middle age linked to dementia
A new study published in Neurology suggests that being overweight or obese during middle age may increase the risk of certain dementias. Researchers found that people who were overweight or obese at midlife had an 80% higher risk of developing dementia, Alzheimer's disease, or vascular dementia in late life.
Dirty mouths lead to broken hearts
A new oral hygiene approach called Managing Oral Hygiene Using Threat Reduction (MOUTh) has been developed to help nurses care for dementia patients who resist care due to perceived threats. The technique focuses on making the patient feel comfortable and reducing threat perception, resulting in improved oral health outcomes.
Tobacco-derived compound prevents memory loss in Alzheimer's disease mice
Researchers found cotinine reduced Alzheimer's disease brain plaques and prevented memory loss in mice, showing promising results for a potential therapy. Cotinine also stimulated the survival of neurons and enhanced attention and memory.
Baycrest and NHL Alumni partner on brain health study
Retired NHL players will undergo comprehensive cognitive testing, brain scanning, and blood sampling to identify risk factors associated with cognitive decline and dementia. The study aims to better understand the aging brain in professional athletes and the general population.
Alzheimer's diagnostic guidelines updated for first time in decades
The National Institute on Aging/Alzheimer's Association Diagnostic Guidelines for Alzheimer's Disease outline new approaches for clinicians and researchers. The guidelines cover the full spectrum of the disease, including preclinical stages, mild cognitive impairment, and dementia due to Alzheimer's pathology.
Inability to detect sarcasm, lies may be early sign of dementia, UCSF study shows
A UCSF study reveals a possible early sign of dementia: the inability to detect sarcasm and lies. Researchers mapped brain activity in older adults with neurodegenerative diseases and found associations between deteriorating brain regions and this ability. This finding could help diagnose dementia earlier, enabling timely intervention.
Brain starts shrinking nearly a decade before Alzheimer's appears
A new study found that areas of the brain affected by Alzheimer's disease may start shrinking up to a decade before dementia is diagnosed. The researchers used MRI scans to measure brain size in people with no memory problems and followed them for years to see who developed the disease.
Differences in brain structure indicate risk for developing Alzheimer's disease
Researchers found that thinner brain areas associated with Alzheimer's can predict dementia and disease development. The study analyzed MR images from two groups, revealing a threefold increased risk of Alzheimer's among those with the thinnest cortical areas.
Gift will allow Mayo researchers to explore cause of dementia in the elderly
The Harry T. Mangurian, Jr., Foundation has awarded Mayo Clinic a $1 million gift to understand how Lewy body dementia develops, how to treat it more effectively, and how to diagnose it earlier. Researchers will use genetics, new drugs, and imaging techniques to advance knowledge about the disorder.
Researchers identify new biomarker for Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease, the human form of mad cow disease
Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine researchers have identified a new biomarker for sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (sCJD), a degenerative brain disease with no cure. The biomarker, transferrin, shows promise in early diagnosis and potential therapy development.
New biomarker for Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease found, the human form of mad cow disease
Researchers have identified a new biomarker for sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease, which can accurately diagnose the condition in patients while they are still alive. The biomarker, transferrin, is significantly decreased in the cerebrospinal fluid of patients with sCJD before the end stage of the disease.
Vascular brain disorder misdiagnosed as multiple sclerosis
Researchers found a delay in detecting CADASIL, a vascular brain disorder, and diagnosed it as multiple sclerosis in some patients. The study suggests that CADASIL often goes misdiagnosed due to similarities with MS in brain MRIs and symptoms.
Dementia risk is higher in people with both stroke and irregular heartbeat
Research by University of East Anglia shows stroke survivors with irregular heartbeat are 2.4 times more likely to develop dementia than those without the heart condition. Atrial fibrillation increases the risk of stroke and dementia in patients with stroke.
Stroke survivors with irregular heartbeat may have higher risk of dementia
Research analyzed 15 studies and found that stroke survivors with atrial fibrillation were 2.4 times more likely to develop dementia than those without the heart condition. Approximately 25% of patients with stroke and atrial fibrillation developed dementia during follow-up.
Research suggests alcohol consumption helps stave off dementia
A study of 23 longitudinal studies found that light-to-moderate alcohol consumption was associated with lower incidence rates of overall dementia and Alzheimer's disease. However, the impact on vascular dementia and cognitive decline is unclear.
Storytelling program improves lives of people with Alzheimer's
Researchers found that TimeSlips improves communication skills and positive affect in persons with dementia, promoting rich social interactions and meaningful activities. The program is an easy and affordable activity for long-term care facilities to implement, offering a stimulating alternative to typical activities.
Alzheimer's disease may be easily misdiagnosed
A study of Japanese-American men who died at an average age of 87 found that half of those diagnosed with Alzheimer's did not have sufficient brain lesions to support the diagnosis. Other dementia types, such as Lewy body dementia and vascular dementia, were more accurately diagnosed.
Look after your brain
Swedish scientist Laura Fratiglioni's research shows that active mental, physical, and social activities can preserve cognitive functions and lower the risk of developing dementia. Factors such as blood pressure, weight, and genetics also play a role in determining an individual's risk.
Hearing loss and dementia linked in study
Seniors with hearing loss are more likely to develop dementia over time than those with normal hearing. The study found a significant link between the two conditions, with the risk of developing dementia increasing by twofold, threefold, and fivefold for individuals with mild, moderate, and severe hearing loss.
Financial planning a key but neglected component of Alzheimer's care, say researchers
Researchers emphasize the importance of financial planning for Alzheimer's patients, noting that doctors often fail to address this critical issue. Early guidance on managing finances is essential, allowing caregivers to take over responsibilities and maintaining patient autonomy.
Hearing loss associated with development of dementia
A study of 639 individuals aged 36-90 found a significant association between hearing loss and dementia. The risk of dementia increased among those with moderate or severe hearing loss, particularly in older adults, who experienced nearly one-third more risk due to hearing loss.
New mode of dementia care improves health, lowers hospitalization rates
Researchers developed a new mode of dementia care that significantly reduces emergency department visits and hospitalizations, while encouraging the use of non-harmful medications. The model results in improved health outcomes, reduced healthcare costs, and less emotional burden on family caregivers.
Beyond Alzheimer's: Research explores hippocampal sclerosis
Hippocampal sclerosis (HS-AGING) is a serious condition causing cognitive decline and impaired memory in aged persons. Researchers analyzed autopsy data from 1,100 individuals to define HS-AGING as a distinct disease entity.
For-profit hospice patients more likely to require lower skilled-care needs, longer lengths of stay
A study found that for-profit hospices tend to have more patients with dementia and other diagnoses requiring less intense care, as well as longer hospital stays. This may be due to financial incentives tied to Medicare reimbursement rates.
Study of nutrition, Alzheimer's links hampered by research approach
A new study found that traditional dietary surveys, relying on self-reported data, are inconsistent and can be influenced by memory impairment and digestive issues. Using nutrient biomarkers through blood tests, researchers aim to improve the accuracy of nutritional assessments and develop more effective therapies for cognitive health.
Adult ADHD significantly increases risk of common form of dementia
Research confirms adult ADHD significantly increases risk of developing degenerative dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), a common cause of dementia in older adults. The study, published in the European Journal of Neurology, found 48% of patients with DLB had previously suffered from adult ADHD.