Articles tagged with Dementia
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
A study analyzing brain tissue of volunteers found that small vessel disease accounted for 33% of dementia risk, while Alzheimer's treatments remain investigational. Researchers suggest reducing hypertension and diabetes as effective ways to mitigate this risk.
An autopsy study of 3,400 individuals found that small vessel damage accounts for 33% of dementia risk, surpassing Alzheimer's and Lewy Body diseases. This discovery underscores the importance of controlling hypertension and diabetes to protect brain health.
A Kaiser Permanente study found that people with larger stomachs in their 40s have a higher risk of dementia by age 70. The study showed that abdominal obesity in midlife is a strong predictor of dementia risk.
A study of 6,583 people found that those with larger stomachs in their 40s were nearly three times more likely to develop dementia by age 70. Abdominal obesity was associated with a higher risk of dementia regardless of weight status or existing health conditions.
Researchers estimated that one in six women and one in ten men will develop Alzheimer's disease in their lifetime, with a higher lifetime risk for women due to greater lifespan expectancy. The study also found that more than one in three people will experience stroke or dementia by age 80.
Research findings suggest that growth hormone does not enhance athletic performance, while universal MRSA screening is associated with significant disease reduction. Additionally, cognitive impairment affecting 22% of older adults exists without dementia, and current colonoscopy guidelines may predict false positives for advanced polyps.
Researchers used PET imaging with fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) to classify different types of dementia, achieving over 94% accuracy. The study suggests that early diagnosis using FDG-PET may improve prognosis for patients with mild cognitive impairment and other forms of dementia.
A new study from Washington University in St. Louis found that patients and their caregivers experience a sense of relief upon receiving an Alzheimer's diagnosis, rather than increased anxiety. The study suggests that providing an early diagnosis can allow individuals to make plans for the future, including treatment and preparing for ...
A three-year study found that taking ginkgo biloba extract did not clearly reduce the risk of developing memory problems. However, people who reliably took the supplement had a lower risk of mild memory issues compared to those on placebo.
A study of 214 residents found that nearly two-thirds received antibiotics during their stay, with most prescriptions given in the final weeks of life. The excessive use of antibiotics raises concerns about individual treatment burden and the development of antimicrobial resistance in nursing homes.
A comprehensive study published in Archives of Internal Medicine reveals that nearly 70% of Americans with dementia receive antibiotic medications, particularly in the final stages of their disease. The researchers warn that this practice poses a significant public health risk due to the emergence of antimicrobial resistance.
A study published in The Lancet Neurology found that donepezil improved measures of executive function in patients with CADASIL vascular dementia, but not their cognitive scores. The drug showed therapeutic potential for this specific population.
A new study found that cognitive impairment is decreasing among people aged 70 and older, with better education and financial status being significant contributors. The decline in cognitive impairment may be attributed to improved cardiovascular health, as risk factors like high blood pressure and smoking were more prevalent in the 1990s.
Patients with primary progressive aphasia are more likely to have a history of learning disabilities, suggesting an underlying susceptibility to language network difficulties. The study highlights the potential for learning disabilities to be underestimated among affected individuals and their families.
A new study by Rhode Island Hospital and Brown University found that individuals with early Alzheimer's disease experience more accidents and perform poorly on road tests compared to drivers without cognitive impairment. However, some individuals with very mild dementia can continue to drive safely for extended periods.
A four-year study found that walking and moderate exercise significantly lowered the risk of developing vascular dementia in people over 65. Participants who exerted more energy through physical activities like walking, gardening, or house work had a 27% lower risk compared to those with less energy expenditure.
Primary care physicians should prioritize identifying dementia red flags over routine screenings for individuals without symptoms, according to a commentary published in JAMA. Dementia red flags include medication issues, multiple hospitalizations, and agitation, which can help identify high-risk patients who require diagnostic testing.
Researchers examined the effectiveness of cholinesterase inhibitors in delaying the onset of Alzheimer's disease and other forms of dementia. The study found no significant reduction in the rate of progression from mild cognitive impairment to dementia, suggesting that these drugs may not be beneficial for patients with MCI.
A diet high in fish, omega-3 oils, and fruits/vegetables can significantly reduce the risk of dementia. The study found a 60% lower risk for those consuming omega-3 rich oils, while a 30% lower risk was seen for those eating fruits and veggies daily.
A PET scan significantly improves the accuracy of diagnosing Alzheimer's disease and frontotemporal dementia (FTD) by measuring brain sugar uptake. The study found that FDG-PET scans correctly diagnosed FTD and Alzheimer's in almost 90% of cases, increasing accuracy by 14%.
A new study found that approximately 13.9 percent of the population aged 71 and older have some form of dementia, with Alzheimer's disease being the most common cause. The prevalence of dementia increased dramatically with age, from five percent of those aged 71 to 79 to 37.4 percent of those age 90 and older.
A study by Albert Einstein College of Medicine found that people with higher education levels lose their memory faster after a dementia diagnosis. The accelerated decline in memory was observed to be 4 percent faster for each additional year of education.
A study published in Neurology found that people with more years of education lose their memory at a faster rate before a dementia diagnosis. The researchers discovered that higher levels of education delay the onset of dementia but accelerate memory decline once it begins.
A USC Davis School of Gerontology study found that caregivers showed few negative mental or physical health effects, contrary to myths about caregiving. The research analyzed ethnic differences among caregivers tending to people with dementia and found unique health risks for African-American caregivers.
Researchers from Indiana University School of Medicine and Regenstrief Institute advocate for collaborative dementia care model that extends beyond primary care doctor's office into patients' homes and communities.
A study published in JADA found that tooth loss is linked to an increased risk of developing dementia. Researchers proposed several possible reasons for the association, including periodontal disease and early-life nutritional deficiencies.
First-degree relatives of patients with Parkinson's disease are at increased risk of developing dementia and cognitive impairment, particularly those with younger age of onset. The study suggests shared familial susceptibility factors may be driving this association.
A study published in Neurology found that individuals with lower levels of education are at a higher risk of developing dementia and Alzheimer's disease. Those with higher levels of education had an 80-percent lower risk, possibly due to a greater cognitive reserve.
Researchers at Mayo Clinic discovered that loss of progranulin gene causes errant splicing of a protein that disrupts normal functioning of neurons. Accumulation of toxic TDP-43 proteins is found in several neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's Disease and Frontotemporal Dementia.
Researchers propose a new way to diagnose Alzheimer's disease in its earliest stages, allowing for earlier treatment and potential prevention through vaccines or targeted drug therapies. The new guidelines focus on advanced brain imaging techniques and biomarkers, enabling early detection of the disease.
Researchers found an antidepressant (citalopram) may perform as well as a commonly-prescribed antipsychotic (risperidone) in reducing psychosis and agitation in patients with dementia. The study also showed citalopram was associated with significantly lower adverse side effects.
Research found a significant association between decreased platelet count and the development of HIV-associated dementia. Platelet decline was linked to a two-fold increased risk of dementia within six to 12 months after baseline values.
A recent study published in Neurology found that smokers are 50% more likely to develop dementia than nonsmokers or past smokers. The study suggests that smoking increases the risk of dementia through mechanisms such as oxidative stress, which can damage cells in blood vessels and lead to hardening of the arteries.
Research suggests that removing ovaries before menopause may lead to increased risks of cognitive decline and movement disorders such as Parkinson's disease. Women who underwent surgery at a younger age were found to be more likely to develop dementia and Parkinsonism.
A study found that women with dementia start losing weight up to 20 years before diagnosis, due to reduced appetite and motivation. Men with dementia do not experience significant weight loss in the years leading up to diagnosis.
The HIV/AIDS virus affects adult neural progenitor cells in the brain, preventing them from dividing and contributing to neurodegeneration. The protein gp120 causes both brain injury and prevents its repair, highlighting a potential target for new therapies.
Scientists have linked a genetic disorder to mutations in the TREX1 gene, which may also be relevant to common health problems like diabetes and vascular dementia. The discovery could accelerate efforts to understand and treat retinal vasculopathy with cerebral leukodystrophy, a rare condition that causes vision loss and mini-strokes.
A study published in BMC Medicine found that simvastatin is associated with a lower incidence of dementia and Parkinson's disease. The researchers analyzed data from over 700,000 simvastatin users and more than 50,000 atorvastatin users to confirm the benefits of simvastatin on these conditions.
Researchers have identified a new gene mutation in the progranulin gene associated with frontotemporal dementia. The mutation leads to a loss of protein production, which can cause brain cell death. This discovery provides new insights into the disease and may lead to the development of new therapies.
A new study found that most people with dementia have a combination of Alzheimer's disease and other chronic diseases in their brains. The researchers suggest that controlling blood cholesterol levels and hypertension may help prevent or slow the progression of Alzheimer's disease, potentially reducing the risk of dementia.
A simple test combines medical history, cognitive testing, and physical examination to predict dementia risk within six years. The 14-point index is accurate in predicting dementia with 87 percent accuracy.
A new study found that both newer atypical and older conventional antipsychotics are associated with increased mortality in older adults with dementia. The risk appears to be highest for conventional antipsychotics.
University of Leeds scientists have found a link between reduced oxygen in the brain and increased risk of Alzheimer's disease. The research suggests that even after full recovery from stroke, patients may still be vulnerable to the build-up of toxic chemicals that cause the disease.
A study found that people with dementia with Lewy bodies displayed passive personality changes, such as apathy and repetitive behaviors, more frequently than those with Alzheimer's. These changes can occur years before cognitive symptoms, enabling earlier diagnosis and potentially disease-modifying treatments.
A study published by the American Academy of Neurology found that consuming up to one drink a day can slow the development of dementia in individuals with mild cognitive impairment. The participants, aged 65-84, who consumed wine had an 85% slower rate of progression compared to those who never drank.
Researchers at Mayo Clinic have discovered a correlation between violent rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder and eventual onset of parkinsonism or dementia. Patients with the disorder may be exhibiting early signs of an evolving neurodegenerative disease caused by abnormal synuclein protein clumps.
Researchers found that improving communication and patient involvement led to significant weight gain among Alzheimer's patients, who also displayed improved intellectual abilities. The study aimed to measure weight changes in patients with moderate and severe dementia.
Researchers found a link between taking centrally active ACE inhibitors and lower rates of mental decline, with a 50% lower decline in test results compared to other high blood pressure pills. The study suggests that these drugs may slow cognitive decline by reducing inflammation in the brain.
Research presented at the American Academy of Neurology's meeting found that women using estrogen hormone therapy before age 65 had a nearly 50% lower risk of developing Alzheimer's disease or dementia. The study followed over 7,000 healthy women aged 65-79 for an average of five years.
A new mouse model of HIV-related dementia shows that green tea extract EGCG reduces neurotoxicity of proteins secreted by HIV. The study suggests a potential natural compound for preventing and treating the devastating disease.
Research suggests that elderly people exposed to secondhand smoke are at a higher risk of developing dementia. The study found that those with high lifetime exposure were approximately 30% more likely to develop dementia than those with no exposure. High exposure was defined as more than 30 years of exposure to secondhand smoke.
Researchers found that men with Primary Progressive Aphasia (PPA) had a higher rate of vasectomy than those without the condition. PPA is a neurological disease causing language problems, while frontotemporal dementia (FTD) affects personality and behavior. The study suggests a possible link between vasectomy and increased risk of thes...
A study of 823 individuals with an average age of 80 found that loneliness was associated with a 51% increased risk of developing Alzheimer's disease. The findings suggest that loneliness may contribute to the risk of dementia through mechanisms other than Alzheimer's disease pathology.
A recent study published in Archives of General Psychiatry found that individuals experiencing loneliness are at a significantly increased risk of developing Alzheimer's disease. The research, conducted over four years, analyzed data from 823 older adults and revealed that loneliness was associated with a 51% increased risk of developi...
A Johns Hopkins study found that 31% of HIV-positive patients in Uganda had HIV dementia, a rate that challenges Alzheimer's and stroke dementia globally. The condition is treatable and potentially reversible with antiretroviral medication.
A study found that providing regular acupressure treatment sessions twice a day for five days a week significantly reduced verbal and physical attacks, wandering, and agitation levels in dementia patients. The benefits were seen after four weeks of treatment, but agitation levels rose again once the treatment ended.
A special section of The Journal of Gerontology: Medical Sciences explores the relationship between delirium and dementia, finding potential biomarkers for delirium and a link between anesthesia and long-term delirium. Delirium is a common complication in older adults, affecting over 4 million individuals in the US each year.
Researchers explore relationship between delirium and dementia, finding potential biomarkers, neuroimaging techniques, and cognitive reserve factors. Delirium can be a major expense to healthcare systems, but interventions can decrease its incidence.
A Canadian study found that bilingual individuals experience a delay in the onset of dementia symptoms by approximately four years compared to monolingual individuals. This delay was observed after considering potential influencers such as cultural differences, education, and occupation.
A new study found that frontotemporal dementia (FTD) devastates Von Economo neurons (VENs), a unique brain cell type involved in social behavior and emotion. VEN loss is selective to FTD, unlike Alzheimer's disease (AD).