The study found that maternal high blood pressure, high hematocrit levels, and smoking are associated with restricted fetal growth during the first trimester. This restriction is linked to an increased risk of preterm birth, low birth weight, and small size for gestational age at birth.
Scientists have identified a new target for cancer treatment, protein STAT3, in neurofibromatosis-1 (NF1) patients. Blocking STAT3 slows tumor growth and increases cell death in mice, offering a promising approach to treat brain tumors.
Researchers found that a negative mood imparts a warm glow to familiar stimuli, while a happy mood eliminates this preference for familiarity. This discovery has applications in various fields, including parenting, marketing, and politics.
A study at the University of Granada found that role-playing games significantly improved secondary students' knowledge and healthy practice habits, while increasing their satisfaction with physical education. The game, 'The Guardian of Health,' used new information and communication technologies to engage students in learning.
Triapine regimen provides significant reduction in cancer disease and cancer control, shows great promise for patients at high risk of relapse and death. The study's complete response rate was observed and no disease progression documented through 18 months of median follow-up.
Research finds that maternal obesity can program cellular responses in offspring, predisposing them to inflammatory disorders such as Alzheimer's and type 2 diabetes. This effect persists even after the offspring lose weight, highlighting the long-lasting impact of maternal obesity.
Laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding surgery may be a better alternative to gastric bypass surgery for treating obesity in teens. While studies show greater weight loss with the bands, complication rates and cost-effectiveness remain concerns.
A study by Brown University researchers highlights the need for better decision-making in end-of-life care, particularly for hospitalized nursing home residents with advanced dementia. The study found that feeding tubes are used variably among hospitals, with larger or for-profit hospitals using them more frequently.
Researchers found that only 16% and 9% of Helicobacter pylori strains expressed the hopE and hopV genes, respectively, despite detection rates being much higher. This suggests a mechanism for the bacteria to evade the immune system.
A recent study found that early life stress can predict an increased risk of cardiovascular disease in adulthood. Researchers used a proven model of chronic behavioral stress on rat pups and found that animals with early life stress had increased blood pressure and inflammation in their blood vessel walls upon reaching adulthood.
A study of nearly 800 patients with non-small cell lung cancer identified genetic characteristics associated with increased recurrence-free survival, differing between men and women based on age.
The study found that molecular pathways involved in women's lung cancer are less complex than those in men, while elderly patients over 70 have a low-risk profile for long-term survival. The findings may help explain why certain groups of patients do better than others despite having the same disease.
A new study reveals that urban growth and agricultural exports are major drivers of tropical deforestation, contrary to previous assumptions. The study found that industrial-scale clearing in countries like Brazil, Indonesia, and Cambodia is driven by demand for products like palm oil, soybeans, and meat.
The Tuberculosis Trials Consortium (TBTC) brings together researchers from Barcelona, the US CDC and international partners to develop new treatments and diagnostic tests for TB. With over 12,000 patients enrolled, the consortium aims to improve TB control and prevention globally.
A recent study led by Dr. Lucas Hoffman found that Pseudomonas aeruginosa, a common pathogen in cystic fibrosis lung infections, can resist powerful antibiotics due to adapting to the clogged airways. The mutation enables the bacteria to thrive in viscous lung secretions and survive oxidative stress caused by antibiotic treatment.
Researchers at Duke University used brain scans to study the emotional impact of sports on memory. The study found that fans remember successful shots by their own team better than misses or opposing team successes. Positive emotion improves memory and activates multiple brain areas, including the amygdala and hippocampus.
Geriatric Orthopaedic Surgery & Rehabilitation is a new bimonthly journal focusing on orthopaedic problems in older adults, featuring peer-reviewed research and reviews.
Researchers found that mescal contains DNA of the agave butterfly caterpillar, despite only using 40% ethanol. The discovery enables the development of inexpensive and non-invasive genetic analysis protocols for preserved specimens.
Researchers found that two Lactobacillus strains improved Helicobacter pylori-infected gastritis by exhibiting anti-bacterial and anti-inflammatory effects. The study suggests using probiotics as an alternative to antibiotics for treating H. pylori-associated diseases.
The Center for Resource Recovery and Recycling (CR3) aims to reduce energy usage and greenhouse gas emissions by developing new technologies for maximizing metal recovery and recycling. The center will focus on promoting a more sustainable approach to metal use in the US, with research collaborations between academia and industry.
A new UC Davis study finds that sudden shifts in Earth's natural systems can occur with no warning, making it difficult to prevent or prepare for major changes. The study suggests that some effects of climate change on ecosystems may only be seen once the effects are dramatic, making return to a desirable state nearly impossible.
Research associates H. pylori and EBV infections with gastric cancer development, particularly through DNA methylation and microsatellite instability alterations. CDH1 gene silencing and DAPK inverse correlation with MSI offer new insights into disease mechanisms.
A study found that gastric banding resulted in significant weight loss (84% vs. 12%) and improved health markers, including reduced metabolic syndrome, in severely obese adolescents. The procedure also led to better quality of life with no adverse events shortly after surgery.
A new study predicts the impact and cost-effectiveness of different vaccination options for pandemic influenza, revealing that prioritizing high-risk individuals is likely very cost-effective. The model was applied to the 2009 H1N1 outbreak and accurately predicted when the epidemic would peak and who should be vaccinated.
Research by Dr. Atul Gawande and collaborators developed a core set of safety standards for surgery, resulting in over 1,600 hospital implementations globally and widespread adoption across 16 countries.
This article highlights new findings on late Cenozoic deformation in the Greater Caucasus Mountains, an important structure in the Arabia-Eurasia collision zone. The study also reports on a crucial upper age bound for the disappearance of the North Tian Shan Ocean and collision between the Yili and Junggar blocks in western China.
A new study using bioinformatics predicts the molecular cause of many inherited genetic diseases by analyzing tens of thousands of mutations. The research led to the creation of a web-based tool available to academic researchers.
A review of nearly 20 years of literature found that depression does not always lead to cognitive difficulties such as memory problems or difficulties concentrating and paying attention. Processing speed was the cognitive function most often affected by depression, with a slower capability when individuals are depressed.
M.D. Anderson researchers discover that low-molecular-weight (LMW-E) forms of cyclin E render aromatase inhibitor letrozole ineffective in women with estrogen-receptor-positive breast cancers. A CDK2 inhibitor can reverse letrozole resistance, offering a potential treatment option for patients.
Researchers found that cells' DNA-reading machinery can bypass certain types of damaged DNA, leading to mutagenesis and potential antibiotic resistance in bacteria. This discovery has important implications for understanding how bacteria develop resistance to antibiotics.
Researchers at UT Southwestern Medical Center discovered a single gene mutation that induces endometrial cancer, which can be treated with a specific drug therapy. The study found that women with this mutation may respond well to 'rapalogs' and could benefit from targeted treatment.
The Journal of Histochemistry & Cytochemistry will be published by SAGE beginning with volume 59 in 2011. The journal focuses on significant advances in visual techniques providing biochemical and molecular information about cells, tissues, and organs.
Researchers at Purdue University have discovered that resistant wheat plants stave off attacks by Hessian fly larvae by destroying their midgut and preventing nutrient absorption. The study found that the midgut disruption is caused by a toxic substance called lectin, which is produced by the plant in response to the fly's presence.
A recent study resolves a long-standing mystery surrounding the giant fossil Prototaxites. Researchers propose that these ancient organisms were mixotrophic liverworts associated with fungi and cyanobacteria. The findings support previous hypotheses that microbial associations and mixotrophy are ancient plant traits.
A new study from Tel Aviv University has found that statins significantly reduce the risk of cataracts in men and women under 75. The study covered over 180,000 patients and showed a 38% lower risk for men aged 45-54 and an 18% lower risk for women of similar age.
Research published in the World Journal of Gastroenterology reveals a significant association between Helicobacter pylori babA2 and atrophic gastritis in Costa Rican patients. The findings suggest that babA2 may play a role in the development of gastric cancer in this population.
Researchers at McGill University discover a molecular link between Parkinson's disease and impaired nerve cell communication. They found that parkin protein binds to endophilin-A, affecting synaptic transmission and potentially leading to dopamine neuron death.
Developed by INRS researchers, the new microring resonator offers several advantages, including low-cost fabrication and a single low-power laser source to obtain multiple wavelengths. This technological breakthrough is crucial as electronic devices reach their data transmission capacity limit.
Researchers at Caltech have developed a way to make brittle materials ductile by reducing their size, creating materials that are stronger than ever. The new materials could be used in aerospace vehicles and naval vessels, providing improved strength and durability.
A study of elite cross-country skiers reveals a high prevalence of atrial fibrillation, with rates significantly higher than in the general population. The study identified two key risk factors: slow heart rate at rest and large left atrium size, suggesting that genetic factors may play a role.
The Montreal Heart Institute has received $4.8 million in financing to support two research projects focused on genetics and genomic medicine. The projects aim to create diagnostic tests and therapeutic approaches for lactic acidosis and improve the diagnosis and treatment of inflammatory diseases.
A large population study found that lower IQ scores were associated with higher rates of cardiovascular disease and total mortality, surpassing the risk linked to smoking. The study also identified other risk factors, including obesity, high blood pressure, and low physical activity.
Researchers found a strong association between the DRD4 gene and novelty seeking behavior in great tits, but results varied across different populations. The study's findings mirror those of human research, suggesting that genetic factors may play a role in shaping personality traits.
A new instrument called PIB-PET effectively detects amyloid-beta protein plaques in the brains of living people, predictive of who will develop Alzheimer's disease. The study confirms the sensitivity of the tool and provides strong evidence supporting the 'amyloid hypothesis'.
Researchers at Tulane University aim to evaluate antibodies from patients infected with the Lassa virus to develop a vaccine or treatment. The goal is to better understand how these antibodies neutralize the virus and ultimately prevent or treat the deadly disease.
The Lymphoma Research Foundation has published a report on Mantle Cell Lymphoma, highlighting the disease's rarity and the need for further research. The report, based on the 2009 MCL Scientific Workshop, aims to accelerate advances in MCL treatment and improve patient outcomes.
Research suggests that online social networking sites can facilitate faster information dissemination, provide timely information sources, and re-connect people affected by disasters. However, concerns about technology failure, credibility, and usability issues need to be addressed in developing emergency online networks.
A phase 2 trial of denosumab has shown encouraging results in treating a rare type of brain tumor. The study found that 86% of patients experienced a tumor response, including some with lung lesions, and reported clinical benefits such as reduced pain and improved mobility.
Researchers found that patients with primary biliary cirrhosis predominantly express IgM in plasma cells, which can be used to distinguish the condition from autoimmune hepatitis. The study supports the use of IgM/IgG ratio as a diagnostic tool for PBC.
Heart specialists at Michigan Medicine call for clarity on beta blocker prescribing before surgery. Previous studies have differing methods and results, making it hard to determine who should get beta blockers and at what dosage.
A study found that HBV genotype C is independently associated with a higher risk of cirrhosis in community-based residents in Eastern China. Logistic regression models identified age, sex, and viral load as major risk factors for probable cirrhosis.
Research suggests that atypical intestinal metaplasia (AIM) may be a precancerous lesion, indicating a higher risk of gastric cancer. The study proposes a new classification system for intestinal metaplasia, distinguishing between simple and atypical subtypes.
Research by Dr. Michelle Ryan found that women are more likely to be appointed to powerful leadership positions when an organization is in crisis or high-risk circumstances, a phenomenon known as the 'glass cliff'. This stereotype is often reinforced and self-perpetuating, with women continuing to face challenges in politics and business.
A preliminary study found that drinking milk during pregnancy can reduce the risk of multiple sclerosis (MS) in babies. The study, presented at the American Academy of Neurology's Annual Meeting, revealed that high milk and vitamin D intake during pregnancy lowered the risk of MS by up to 56%.
Advanced dementia patients are more likely to receive feeding tubes at larger, for-profit hospitals. Research found a higher rate of feeding tube insertion in these hospitals compared to others.
A multicenter clinical trial of 224 postmenopausal women found no significant effect of soy isoflavone tablets on lumbar spine or total hip bone mineral density. However, a small protective effect was observed at the femoral neck among those taking the highest dosage.