Scientists identify defective immunity in skin as a key factor in skin aging and age-related health problems. The study reveals that older people's skin tissue fails to attract T-cells, leading to reduced immunity and increased risk of infections and cancer.
Researchers uncover 25 marine shell beads from Morocco and Algeria dating back 70,000-85,000 years, suggesting early humans wore and traded symbolic jewelry. The discovery confirms the oldest form of personal ornaments, adding to similar finds in Africa, Israel, and South Africa.
The Fisk-Vanderbilt Masters-to-PhD Bridge program has received significant funding to increase diversity in the physical sciences. With new grants totaling $3.7 million, the program aims to expand its focus to include materials science and strengthen research infrastructure at participating institutions.
Nitrous oxide emissions from human activities have surpassed those of chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), threatening the ozone layer. The NOAA study found that nitrous oxide will continue to erode the ozone layer for many decades.
Alcohol consumption during pregnancy can lead to a range of adverse outcomes, including learning disabilities and increased susceptibility to diseases. The destruction of beta-endorphin neurons in the hypothalamus region can result in permanent impairment of stress and immune system functions throughout life.
Hilda's winds have slowed from tropical storm to tropical depression-force, with sustained winds near 34 mph, according to NASA satellite data. The storm is expected to continue tracking south of the Hawaiian Islands before dissipating on August 31.
Researchers have identified pathways that control partial pancreatic regeneration induced by sodium tungstate treatment, revealing its anti-diabetic effects.
Brown University researchers have discovered that yttrium and nickel, two metal catalysts used to form carbon nanotubes, interfere with critical signaling transactions in neurons. Removing these metals can lead to the development of safe treatments for neurodegenerative diseases such as epilepsy, Parkinson's disease, and paralysis.
Researchers at the University of Illinois Chicago have received a $1.9 million grant to create a user-friendly version of OptIPuter, a global science networking platform. The new software aims to make it easy for scientists to collaborate and visualize data on ultra-high-resolution display panels.
Researchers at Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center discovered that fasting can trigger the regeneration of fertility in nematode worms, which may have implications for human reproduction. The study found that starvation stops ovulation and kills germline cells, but stem cells can produce new sex cells once normal food conditions resume.
A University of Missouri study found that people devote more attention and memory to local health threats than distant ones when reading online news. The study supported the 'hardwired for news' theory, suggesting a mechanism for increased attention to localized negative information.
A new study finds that chronic job insecurity has a stronger negative impact on worker health than smoking or hypertension. Persistent job insecurity weakens bonds between employers and employees, fueling perceptions of insecurity.
The American Society of Nephrology (ASN) has published a policy on managing conflicts of interest to ensure responsible partnerships with industry and promote patient care. The policy provides guidelines for medical societies and industry to advance research and education.
Researchers found that a key protein called Fbx6 helps eliminate activated Chk1, but defects in this process can lead to chemotherapy resistance. By understanding how cancer cells respond to Chk1 degradation, scientists may develop new treatments with fewer side effects.
K-State's Research Experience for Undergraduates program is one of the longest running in the country, providing students with independent research projects on ecology and evolution. The program aims to study the biota of the tallgrass prairie and its implications for global change.
A Texas A&M-Galveston professor has discovered two new species of marine life, a tiny worm and a poisonous crustacean, in an underwater cave off the coast of North Africa. The team found the creatures deep inside the dark cave, which is believed to have been formed by a volcanic eruption 20,000 years ago.
A new study published in Arthritis Care & Research found that women with the strongest quadriceps muscles appeared to be protected against the development of knee OA symptoms. However, thigh muscle strength was not a significant predictor of radiographic knee OA in either men or women.
A team of scientists has measured the general rate of genetic mutation at individual DNA letters in humans for the first time. The study found that most mutations are harmless and have no apparent effect on health or appearance, with an average of 100-200 new mutations per person.
The five-year grant aims to improve the quality of care for women of color suffering from HIV/AIDS by enhancing access and retention in quality HIV care. The project will be implemented in urban centers across America, addressing the technical requirements of HIV clinics serving the medically and economically disadvantaged.
Researchers have developed a new lab-on-a-chip test that detects DNA with excellent sensitivity, eliminating the need for amplification, and enabling wider use of DNA testing. The nanogap sensor technology overcomes current limitations of PCR-based tests, making it a faster and more practical alternative.
Research suggests that PPAR-γ agonist 15d-PGJ2 inhibits gastric cancer cell growth through a mechanism independent of PPAR-γ. The study's findings support the potential therapeutic role of PPAR-γ agonists in chemoprevention or chemotherapy of gastric malignancies.
Researchers at McGill University's Montreal Neurological Institute have discovered a key signaling pathway involved in brain connectivity. The study found that inhibiting the interaction between Calcineurin and NFAT resulted in more dendritic branches and synapses, suggesting a potent role for CaN in regulating neural connections.
A study found that low tacrolimus doses are effective in living donor liver transplant recipients with small-for-size grafts, indicating potential benefits for rational administration of tacrolimus. The research team recommended relatively low tacrolimus doses for patients receiving SFS grafts.
Researchers define global conservation priorities for endangered carnivores considering socioeconomic and life-history factors. The study identifies 41 ecoregions worldwide as key areas for cost-effective conservation investments.
A team of South Korean scientists has successfully engineered the bacterium E. coli to produce putrescine, an industrial chemical traditionally created using fossil fuels. The production process relies on renewable materials and reduces environmental harm associated with chemical synthesis.
A team of international researchers has challenged the long-held idea that the ratio of massive stars to lighter ones in star-forming regions remains consistent. They found that this ratio, known as the initial mass function, varies significantly between different galaxies, with some forming more low-mass stars than expected.
A new analysis of 30 years of on-ground and satellite observations reveals the onset of water scarcity in southeast Australia around 1993-1996. This finding underscores the importance of good water information for water resource planning and highlights the impact of climate change on the country's current water resources.
The study found that compliant patients have better outcomes with inhaled corticosteroids, while those taking oral controllers had higher treatment benefits and better quality of life. The researchers suggest that 'one size fits all' does not apply when treating asthma patients, emphasizing the need for personalized treatment.
Researchers at Harvard Medical School used two-photon microscopy to track calcium levels in neurons during electrical stimulation, revealing a scattered and widely distributed set of neurons switch on. The findings contradict a long-standing hypothesis and suggest that axons are being stimulated rather than cell bodies.
Researchers developed a gene assay that identifies key genes contributing to drug resistance in non-small cell lung cancer. The assay showed strong correlation between multi-gene signatures and individual chemotherapy agents, allowing for personalized treatment guidance.
Researchers advocate for clearer conflict of interest disclosures in clinical trials to ensure transparency and fairness. Key findings include the need for institutional review boards and study coordinators to play a larger role in disclosing financial relationships that may impact patient decisions.
Researchers have discovered a small peptide that stops lung cancer tumors from growing by inhibiting blood vessel formation. The study showed significant reduction in tumor size and fewer blood vessels compared to untreated animals.
A team of paleontologists and ornithologists have discovered evidence of vivid iridescent colors in fossil feathers dating back 40 million years. They found a preserved color-producing nanostructure, called melanosomes, which produced black with metallic greenish, bluish or coppery colors at certain angles.
Researchers developed a technique to prevent inherited mitochondrial disorders by transferring hereditary material from one egg to another. The method resulted in four healthy newborns and holds the potential for couples to have biologically their own child without defects associated with maternal mitochondria.
A new study found nearly 70% of participants received at least one medical imaging procedure between 2005 and 2007, resulting in an average effective dose nearly double natural sources. The study highlights the need for research on the benefits and risks of medical imaging procedures to inform patient care.
A WPI professor has received a $429,000 CAREER Award to investigate the physics underlying dust ignition and flame propagation in dust clouds. The research aims to develop more robust models for assessing and predicting the risks associated with dust accumulation.
Recent NIST airframe tests provide valuable insights into how high-energy interference affects aircraft. The findings will help ensure continued air travel safety and inform the FAA's certification process.
Researchers at MIT's Picower Institute for Learning and Memory found that rats use a mental instant replay of their actions to help them decide what to do next. The study reveals that these sequences also occur when the animals are awake and may help them consider future options.
The North Greenland Eemian Ice Drilling project, led by the University of Copenhagen, has reached a depth of 5,767 feet in early August, recovering over a mile of ice core. The project aims to retrieve ice from the last interglacial episode, providing valuable information on past temperatures and precipitation levels.
A new study published in Human Ecology found that media propaganda during the late nineteenth century Colorado silver rush misled entrepreneurs by exaggerating ore concentrations, leading to over-risking their investments. The researchers used central place foraging models to investigate optimal foraging strategies and compared actual ...
A study found that kudzu root extracts improved lab rats with metabolic syndrome by lowering cholesterol, blood pressure, and insulin levels. Kudzu has been used in traditional Chinese medicine as a health food, containing isoflavones with potential health benefits.
A study found that CD14 rs2569190/C-159T gene variants are associated with the formation of portal lymphoid aggregates in chronic hepatitis C patients. These aggregates were also correlated with moderate and severe hepatic inflammation, but not with fibrosis progression.
Research suggests that red light can impact alertness at night via pathways other than the circadian system, contradicting previous assumptions about blue light's dominance. The study found that moderate levels of red light increase alertness in individuals, making it a viable alternative to blue light for improving nighttime alertness.
A new study by Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health estimates that European REACH legislation for chemicals may require up to 54 million research animals and $13.4 billion over the next 10 years.
A study of 4254 Canadian schoolchildren found a direct association between BMI and satisfaction with their body shape, with girls happier when thin and boys unhappy when too skinny or fat. Poor body satisfaction was more common among rural girls from low-income families.
Tropical Storm Danny has formed east of the Bahamas, with NASA's Aqua satellite capturing strengthening thunderstorms in infrared imagery. The storm is expected to bring 2-3 inches of rainfall to the central and northwestern Bahamas, with maximum amounts of 4 inches.
A Rutgers University—Camden biochemist is creating a database for quick background checks on all known enzyme functions, including energy-creators like ATP and ADP. The goal is to create a standard vocabulary to describe how enzymes function for the biomedical community.
Research reveals distinct patterns of intestinal response to arterial, venous, or total mesenteric ischemia/reperfusion, influencing the severity of injury. This knowledge could lead to targeted therapies for specific conditions, including venous occlusion, arterial ischemia, and transplant procedures.
A Purdue University study found that ground moisture at landfall is a major indicator of tropical storm behavior. Storms are more likely to sustain and cause heavy rains when the ground is wet, while dry conditions tend to calm them down.
Agricultural scientists at TUM created indicators and models to analyze, assess and optimize the sustainability of agricultural enterprises. The new indicator model describes farms as systems based on their material and energy flows, enabling accurate calculations of emissions, climate balance and biodiversity.
Researchers have identified new targets for treating breast cancer metastasis by inhibiting Brk protein expression. Additionally, a study on Wnk1 revealed its critical role in angiogenesis and heart development. Furthermore, drug abuse has been found to worsen HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders through dopamine signaling.
Researchers have identified a new genetic mechanism controlling body's fat-building process, potentially leading to new treatments for obesity and type 2 diabetes. The study found that the MCPIP gene controls fat cell development, offering a new direction for developing drugs to prevent obesity-related chronic diseases.
A new study from the University of Michigan found that working too many hours in the wrong environment can lead to teenagers dating older partners, which is associated with riskier sexual behavior and STDs. High self-esteem and low alcohol use can offset the negative effects of excessive work hours.
Researchers at Whitehead Institute have shown that a single gene mutation can cause a transmissible neurodegenerative disease in mice, similar to human fatal familial insomnia. The study demonstrates that mutations associated with prion diseases are sufficient to cause the disease and the spontaneous generation of transmissible prions.
Researchers have found evidence of iridescent colors in a 40-million-year-old feather fossil, revealing the first documented nanostructure responsible for color production. The discovery paves the way for studying color patterns in other ancient birds and dinosaurs.
Researchers found that viral polymerase is a key target for preventing systemic flu in humans. The study discovered that avian influenza adapted to infect mice caused severe illness and death due to suppression of the immune system.
Pittsburgh researchers have found a molecular link between insulin resistance and inflammation, suggesting a novel target for diabetes treatment. The study reveals that protein Fox01 stimulates inflammatory white blood cells, leading to increased production of cytokine IL-1B, which interferes with insulin signaling.
A NIST research team has figured out why a metal-organic framework can safely store acetylene at low pressure, leading to potential substantial savings in transportation costs. The discovery could also help scientists better understand MOFs and develop new materials for storing other substances.
Tropical Storm Hilda is expected to pass south of the Hawaiian Islands, with forecasters noting minimal impacts due to her small size. The storm's maximum sustained winds are near 45 mph, and slow strengthening is possible as it continues west-southwest.
A new study found that road tunnels can concentrate ultrafine particles and pollutants by up to 1000 times, posing serious health risks to occupants. This concentration level is higher than previously reported measurements.