Researchers used single-walled carbon nanotubes to study phase transition behavior of argon and krypton atoms. They found that the nanotube's electrical resistance changed when krypton atoms stuck to the surface, and demonstrated sensitivity to individual atom landings.
Researchers created a self-healing polymer that can extend the lifetime of automotive oils. The 'starfish' polymer, designed by Professor David Haddleton's team, helps maintain engine efficiency and resists mechanical and thermal stress.
The Virtual USA project aims to create a nationwide capability for sharing and standardizing life-saving emergency data in real-time. The platform, developed by the US Department of Homeland Security's Science and Technology Directorate, enables seamless integration of disparate data sources, reducing communication barriers between age...
Researchers at University of California, San Diego have identified a signaling protein called RON that helps pancreatic cancer cells survive and resist chemotherapy. The study provides new insights into pancreatic cancer development and suggests combining RON-targeted therapy with other treatments to combat tumor resistance.
The Healthy Urban Food Enterprise Development (HUFED) Center will provide training and technical assistance for small and mid-sized agricultural producers, aiming to increase access to healthy, affordable foods in low-income areas. The center is designed to promote positive economic activities generated from attracting healthy food ent...
A recent study found that ulipristal acetate is more effective than levonorgestrel in preventing pregnancy after unprotected sex. The new findings provide women and healthcare providers with an alternative option for emergency contraception, available up to five days post- intercourse.
Researchers at Sanford-Burnham Medical Research Institute have identified a new function of the CD44 receptor, which helps specific T helper cells develop immunologic memory. This discovery could lead to the development of therapies to control disease pathology in various infections and autoimmune conditions.
Researchers found that touch typing training significantly improved keyboarding speed in RA workers, regardless of impairment. However, impairments in hand function were associated with reduced mouse speeds, highlighting the need for effective strategies to maintain productivity in computer users with RA.
Scientists discovered a new strategy for making embryonic stem cell transplants less likely to be rejected by a recipient's immune system. Bone marrow cells fuse with embryonic stem cells, creating hybrid cells that can evade immune rejection without drugs.
A new study published in The Journal of Law and Economics found that physicians cut back their workload by almost two hours each week when the expected liability risk increases by 10 percent. This represents a significant impact, equivalent to one out of every 35 physicians retiring without a replacement.
Researchers found that participants who attended AA meetings more frequently had fewer depression symptoms and less drinking compared to those with less AA participation. The study suggests that the social aspects of AA may contribute to improved mental well-being and abstinence.
Researchers developed a microfluidic device that selectively isolates targeted cells, including cancer cells, based on their electrical properties. This breakthrough enables the screening of entire blood samples for cancer detection.
Researchers have found a new way to study how enzymes repair DNA damage caused by UV light, which could lead to new therapies for sunburned skin. By using ultra-fast laser pulses, they were able to observe the motion of photolyases at the atomic scale, revealing unprecedented detail about the repair process.
Researchers at UCLA's Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center have performed the first complete genomic sequencing of a brain cancer cell line, revealing a unique biological signature that may lead to new therapies. The study also holds promise for developing patient-specific diagnostics to monitor for cancer recurrence.
Researchers have identified several cytokines that increase significantly prior to rheumatoid arthritis disease onset, indicating immune system activation. Early diagnosis and treatment may prevent disease progression and improve quality of life for patients.
A study found that kidney transplant recipients with high levels of T-regulatory cells and low Natural Killer cells are at a higher risk for skin cancer, which can occur after ten years of immunosuppressive drugs.
A researcher from Northwestern University has invented a novel way to halt and reverse rheumatoid arthritis by developing an imitation of a suicide molecule that targets hyperactive immune cells. The approach, tested on mice, showed promising results with a 75% success rate and no reported toxicity.
A study of over 800 parents and 439 children found that mothers and fathers of overweight and obese children were significantly heavier than those with normal-weight children. Parents also tended to underestimate their child's weight, with mothers of obese children being more concerned about their child's weight.
Scientists have developed an experimental VLP vaccine that protects macaques and mice against chikungunya virus, a debilitating disease with no current treatment. The vaccine, using non-infectious virus-like particles, elicits immune responses and provides complete protection from infection.
Researchers have found that young squeaker catfish can detect sounds made by their older relatives, challenging prior assumptions about auditory development. The study suggests that fish of all ages use the 'squeaking' sound to communicate, increasing in level and duration as they grow.
A review of the US Preventive Services Task Force's statement on screening for breast cancer raises questions about the methodology and evidence behind widely publicized mammography guidelines. The study found low methodological scores in the report, potentially undermining the recommended changes for breast cancer screening.
Adults aged 70 and older who are classified as overweight are less likely to die over a 10-year period compared to those with a normal weight. The study found a reduced mortality risk by 13% among overweight participants, but only up to a certain point of obesity.
The US Department of Agriculture's National Agricultural Statistics Service has released new geospatial data products, including satellite images of agricultural land cover across most of the nation. These cropland data layers can be used to monitor crop rotation patterns, land use changes, and water resources.
A recent US study reveals that pediatric patients with rheumatic diseases have significantly lower mortality rates compared to previous studies. The Childhood Arthritis and Rheumatology Research Alliance estimates that 300,000 children in the US suffer from some form of arthritis or rheumatic disease.
The US government's financial support for the news industry has declined sharply since the 1960s, with subsidies for mailing and public notices decreasing by 64% and 73%, respectively. The report recommends policy options to address this decline, including allowing newspapers to become non-profits, tax credits for subscribers, and expa...
Research found that smokers' health is compromised by breathing environmental tobacco smoke, with second-hand smoke equivalent to an additional 2.6 cigarettes per day. This highlights the need for both active and passive smoking contributions to be considered when studying smoker health.
Research suggests that privatizing government-owned banks can result in a collapse of depositors' confidence, triggering bank runs and financial instability. Effective regulation is crucial to prevent this outcome, as it allows for the banking system to finance economic growth.
A study by Mount Sinai researchers found a connection between prenatal phthalate exposure and disruptive behaviors in children. Mothers with higher phthalate metabolite levels reported poorer behavioral profiles in their children, including conduct and externalizing problems.
The US Department of Energy has awarded 1.6 billion supercomputing hours to 69 cutting-edge research projects through the INCITE program. These projects focus on accelerating discoveries in areas like climate change, alternative energy, life sciences, and materials science.
A new wound treatment has received $529,450 in funding to speed up healing of chronic wounds like burns and ulcers. The treatment uses antibodies to suppress a protein that restricts wound healing, promising benefits for the aged, obese and diabetics.
A recent study discovered that blood flow force triggers a chain reaction protecting arteries from dangerous clogs. The reaction involves the structural change of an enzyme, histone deacetylase 5 (HDAC5), influencing key genes involved in reversing atherosclerosis.
Researchers have developed an all-solid-state cryocooler that can reach temperatures as low as 155K, potentially enabling miniaturization of superconducting electronics. The technology uses optical refrigeration to cool gases and has the potential to advance spaceborne and airborne sensors.
The production Heuschrecken by Rimini Protokoll explores the marriage of theatre and science, challenging traditional skepticism. By embedding artists in a science department, new approaches to storytelling emerge.
A study published in the Journal of Applied Physiology found that the type of food eaten after exercise can significantly impact metabolic health. Eating low-carbohydrate meals after exercise enhanced insulin sensitivity more than eating balanced or low-calorie meals. The study suggests that people can still reap important health benef...
A GW research team has discovered a new species of dinosaur, Haplocheirus sollers, that links to bird evolution. The Late Jurassic fossil, found in China, shows early evolutionary stages in bird-like dinosaurs.
A QUT team is studying how iron from soil reaches water to potentially cause algal blooms. Researchers are investigating the role of bacteria and chemical reactions in making iron soluble.
Researchers found that ovarian cancer symptoms are not reliable for detecting the disease at an early stage. In fact, only 1 out of 100 women with symptoms will be diagnosed with ovarian cancer. This study highlights the need for better molecular markers and imaging modalities to improve screening for ovarian cancer.
A recent study found that introducing new genes from distant populations to damaged ecosystems can have negative consequences on native populations. However, the introduction of genes from nearby, contrasting environments can lead to poorer seedling performance and reduced fitness over time.
Scientists have determined how a normal protein can be converted into a prion, an infectious agent causing fatal brain diseases in humans and mammals. The study provides the strongest evidence yet to prove the prion hypothesis and offers insights into molecular mechanism and potential therapeutic targets for these diseases.
A study found that not sedating critically ill patients in intensive care significantly reduced the number of days on mechanical ventilation (55 days vs 9.6 days) and length of stay in the ICU (13.1 days vs 22.8 days). However, no sedation was also associated with increased risk of delirium.
Researchers developed SCGPSim, a simulation infrastructure that uses parallel processing and CUDA programming model to speed up SystemC-based hardware models. This could significantly reduce the time it takes to bring products to market, improving the efficiency of semiconductor electronics industry.
Researchers at Medical College of Georgia identified neogenin as a key player in regulating iron levels, providing a new target for drugs to treat iron deficiency and overload. Studies showed that neogenin inhibits the secretion of an RGM gene called hemojuvelin, which controls circulating iron levels.
NASA and JAXA satellite data combined with ground weather station information aid in forecasting tropical cyclone tracks. Olga's center is expected to remain over land, but Australian Bureau of Meteorology forecasts its reemergence into the Gulf of Carpentaria.
The Los Alamos National Laboratory's Magnetic Vision Innovative Prototype (MagViz) uses ultralow magnetic fields to detect liquid bombs and other hazardous materials. With an accuracy rate of over 99%, MagViz could significantly enhance airport security, allowing passengers to pass through with ease while keeping liquids at bay.
A team from Harvard University led by Vinothan Manoharan and Michael Brenner presents clues to how groups of atoms and molecules favor less symmetrical geometric patterns. Entropy plays a key role in the formation of these complex structures, which are more likely to occur due to their flexibility.
Researchers developed a mathematical model to predict cervical cancer treatment outcomes, allowing for quicker identification of non-responding tumors. The model uses MRI scans and can provide a prediction accuracy of 90 percent for local tumor control and recurrence.
Researchers developed two step-by-step training programmes to help dementia patients regain eating skills. The study showed that both methods reduced feeding difficulty and improved nutritional assessment compared to no intervention, offering a promising approach to addressing nutritional problems in older adults with dementia.
Scientists at Baylor College of Medicine discovered that adjacent neurons in the brain do not synchronize their action potentials, contrary to previous beliefs. This finding provides insight into how the brain processes information efficiently by introducing a 'decorrelated state' that allows for uncorrelated activity.
A Spanish study found that mental illnesses are the second leading cause of temporary and permanent sick leave in Spain. The research estimated a total social cost of at least €7.019 billion, with direct non-medical costs accounting for nearly half of this amount.
Patients with type 2 diabetes who experience subtle brain damage may be at risk of progressive kidney disease and kidney failure, according to a new study. Diabetic patients with silent cerebral infarction were nearly five times more likely to develop serious kidney disease than those without.
Researchers found that Herceptin significantly improved event-free survival in patients with HER2-positive locally advanced or inflammatory breast cancer, with a 3-year event-free survival rate of 71% compared to 56%. The treatment was well-tolerated, with only two patients experiencing symptomatic cardiac failure.
A new paper by MSU psychologist Brooke Ingersoll suggests that a combined approach to treating autism could be more effective than traditional behavioral or developmental methods. By combining the strengths of both approaches, supporters can create individualized interventions that meet the unique needs of each child.
Bdelloid rotifers have evolved to avoid parasites and pathogens by desiccating and drifting away on the wind. This mechanism allows them to establish new, uninfected populations and evade biotic enemies without sex.
A multinational team of researchers has identified a plan to develop new treatments for malaria by targeting the parasites' digestive enzymes. By blocking these enzymes, the parasites can no longer survive within human red blood cells, offering new hope for millions affected by global spread of drug-resistant parasites.
John Kitchin, an assistant professor in Chemical Engineering at Carnegie Mellon, has been awarded funding to research new materials for efficient hydrogen production from water. His work tackles a primary hurdle in energy efficiency and may play a crucial role in managing CO2 emissions through advanced fossil energy power systems.
Tropical Depression 11S forms near La Reunion Island with sustained winds of 39mph, moving southward at 6mph. The storm is expected to strengthen over warm sea surface temperatures before becoming extra-tropical.
A new study from the University of California, Berkeley, suggests that spouses who use 'we-ness' language are better able to resolve conflicts than those who don't. The study found that older couples identified more as 'we' than middle-aged counterparts, suggesting a greater sense of shared identity and teamwork.
The 2010 Lemelson-MIT Invention Index survey found that hands-on learning approaches are effective in engaging youth ages 12-17 in STEM subjects. Teens prefer activities such as field trips and access to experimental spaces over traditional classroom methods.
Researchers at UCLA's Pediatric Epilepsy Surgery Program have found that a non-invasive approach to pre-surgical testing, combined with earlier consideration for surgery, is associated with the best seizure-free surgical outcome in patients with TSC. Approximately two-thirds of TSC patients became seizure-free after surgery.
Recent studies found a link between low-level lead exposure and ADHD symptoms, including hyperactivity and impulsivity. Lead is thought to disrupt brain activity, causing altered psychological processes supported by these neurons.
Developed at the University of Utah's Genetic Science Learning Center, the websites are providing an excellent source of new material while educating a hugely diverse audience. They have been honored with the Science Prize for Online Resources in Education, recognizing their value as educational tools.
NASA's TRMM satellite observed Tropical Storm Nisha strengthening rapidly, with rainfall rates exceeding 2 inches per hour and cloud heights reaching 6 miles.
A mandatory influenza vaccination policy improved the vaccination rate among 26,000 employees at a large health care system from 54% to 98%. The study found that medical and religious exemptions were granted to 411 employees, with eight terminated for non-compliance.
A Tel Aviv University study suggests that early intervention may be able to prevent schizophrenia in those at high risk. The researchers found that administering drugs to rats during adolescence prevented the development of schizophrenia-like symptoms and brain deterioration.
Researchers at UCLA have made a breakthrough in identifying the earliest signs of Alzheimer's disease using brain imaging techniques. By tracking subtle changes in brain structure over time, they were able to predict a brain's progression to Alzheimer's disease, allowing for potential early interventions.
Scientists have discovered a molecule that determines which T cells become memory cells just days after a viral infection starts. This finding could lead to more effective vaccines for diseases like HIV/AIDS and cancer.
Researchers at Hospital for Special Surgery used a novel technique involving transplanted bone and cartilage to treat an 18-year-old man's severe femoral head fracture. The patient successfully recovered from the surgery and delayed his need for a total hip replacement, avoiding multiple revision surgeries.