Articles tagged with Psychological Assessment
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
The Syncphonia app breaks down complex musical pieces into individual parts, allowing students to play in time with the rest of the orchestra without distractions. This approach increases motivation and enjoyment among children, leading to better learning outcomes and a more positive experience for all.
Researchers have designed a new assay that uses gold nanoparticles to improve the accuracy of medical screening, reducing false positives and wait times. The technology has been shown to be up to clinical standards, allowing patients to receive results in about an hour.
Researchers found that self-distancing language, such as using third-person pronouns, can lead to greater challenge and confidence in stressful situations. This approach was shown to promote a more confident and challenging mindset, rather than reducing anxiety or effort.
The Trauma Medical Home model provides comprehensive care for injured individuals over 50, addressing physical, psychological, and cognitive recovery. By monitoring patient progress and coordinating with primary care physicians, the model aims to significantly decrease healthcare costs and improve patient outcomes.
Researchers found no difference between men and women in facial recognition abilities, challenging conventional wisdom that women excel in this area. Facial recognition is a crucial skill for social interactions and decision-making.
Research by Sue Westwood found that parents who gave their children five pieces of praise daily improved their wellbeing, reducing hyperactivity and inattention. The study showed a significant impact of regular parental praise on child behavior over just four weeks.
Researchers found that machine learning programs can acquire cultural biases from online language patterns, affecting tasks like image categorization and automated translations. This study highlights the importance of identifying and addressing bias in AI systems to promote fairness and equality.
A recent study by Michelle Nario-Redmond reveals that disability simulations often result in feelings of fear, apprehension, and pity towards individuals with disabilities. The study found that short-term experiences can lead to misinformed perceptions about the capabilities of people with disabilities.
A team of psychologists developed new tests to capture automatic moral and empathetic judgments. The studies found that certain situations trigger instant moral assessments, even when participants are instructed to counteract those feelings. These measures could help criminologists and psychologists understand pathological behavior.
Researchers identified three core groupings of emotion regulation strategies, including avoidance, rumination, and problem-solving. These findings can help clinicians understand and treat anxiety, substance abuse, and other disorders by providing a more streamlined approach to assessment and therapy.
A longitudinal study of over 60,000 Australians found that eating 3-4 daily servings of vegetables lowers stress risk by 12% and eating 5-7 daily servings of fruit and vegetables reduces stress risk by 14%. Women who eat more veggies have a lower stress risk compared to men.
A clinical trial of 100 patients with ALS found that an eight-week mindfulness-based meditation program improved quality of life and reduced anxiety and depression. The results remained stable over a 12-month follow-up, suggesting a potential tool for increasing well-being in ALS patients.
A study published in the journal Emotion found that husbands and wives who practiced compassionate acts reported higher emotional well-being, with benefits significantly stronger for the donors than recipients. The researchers discovered that recognition by the recipient is not necessary for the donor's benefit.
A Harvard study found that minority workers perform worse under biased managers, with a 53rd percentile performance rate compared to the 79th percentile under unbiased managers. This disparity is due to biased managers interacting less with minorities, leading to reduced productivity and lower pay for minority workers.
A new mobile Critical Care Recovery Program aims to bring post-ICU care to patients in their homes, improving brain health and reducing rehospitalization rates. The 12-month program will be followed by a multi-disciplinary team to develop personalized recovery plans.
A recent study by the American College of Physicians found that physicians spend significantly more time on computer activities than direct patient interaction, taking up about half their workday. This has led to concerns over physician satisfaction, patient education, and increased malpractice risks.
A new study found that patients given psychological support before heart surgery scored lower on disability tests, had better mental quality-of-life, and reported more physical activity. Personalized support appeared to have the greatest benefit, and a short-term intervention can be easily implemented in cardiac surgery units.
Research found that 2.7% of US medical school students have disabilities, including ADHD, learning disabilities, and psychological disabilities, requiring accommodations.
A study published by Chapman University researchers found that higher psychological well-being is associated with greater levels of physical activity in older adults. The study, which followed 9,986 English adults over 11 years, suggests that boosting mental health may encourage physical activity and improve overall well-being.
A new study by Renée Baillargeon and colleagues found that 2.5-year-old children can answer questions about people acting on false beliefs, a skill previously thought to develop until age 4. The researchers developed a modified version of the Sally-Anne test, which gave children a chance to prepare for the question and reduced processi...
Researchers at Vanderbilt University found that men are better at identifying faces on toy Transformers than women. The study, which surveyed people's childhood play experiences with Barbie and Transformers, suggests that the type of face individuals encounter as children affects their adult facial recognition abilities.
A recent BYU study reveals that the amount of time between sunrise and sunset is the key factor in determining emotional distress. The research suggests that sunshine has a positive impact on mental health, while extreme temperatures, air pollution, and rain do not have a significant effect.
A coordinated replication effort across 17 labs failed to replicate the 1988 study suggesting that facial expressions can trigger emotional reactions. The multilab study used a standardized protocol with over 1,900 participants but found no evidence that inducing particular facial expressions affected their emotional state.
A new study reveals a wide range of unexpected authors contributing to psychology research, including politicians, celebrities, and historical figures. Notable examples include Ben Carson, Tim Duncan, and the Dalai Lama.
Researchers found that framing spatial tests as social tasks eliminated the gender gap in performance, with women performing just as well as men. The study suggests that traditional measures of spatial ability may be underestimating women's abilities and limiting their accessibility to STEM fields.
A study by Duke University and Max Planck Institute reveals that chimpanzees, bonobos, and orangutans can understand when others have mistaken beliefs, mirroring skills seen in human infants. The apes' ability suggests a key step towards fully understanding the thoughts of others.
A UA psychologist has developed a tabletop version of an interactive game that tests memory, which was later translated into an Android touchscreen-based battery of tests. The tool aims to measure memory in younger children and those with intellectual disabilities, addressing the lack of standardized tests in these populations.
A new study from the University at Buffalo suggests that expressing core values and beliefs can lead to a positive psychological experience, even when faced with unanimous disagreement. Participants' cardiovascular responses indicated feelings of invigoration when standing up for their individuality, rather than anxiety when conforming...
A new study by University of Connecticut sociologists found that as men take on more financial responsibility in their marriages, their psychological well-being and health decline. In contrast, women's psychological well-being improves as they make greater economic contributions.
Research suggests that using Tinder leads to lower levels of self-worth and increased negative perception of body image among both male and female users. The study, conducted by the American Psychological Association, involved 1,044 women and 273 men who reported less satisfaction with their bodies and looks compared to non-users.
Researchers found that 3D films inspire stronger feelings of being drawn into the story than 2D films, but also cause more nausea. The study showed no detectable differences between real and algorithmically converted 3D films.
A Cornell University study found that run-down schools contribute significantly to low test scores and poor academic achievement, accounting for 70% of the issue. Students attending such schools are more likely to miss classes and exhibit high absenteeism, hindering their ability to learn.
A study published in Frontiers in Psychology found that using self-talk and imagery techniques can improve performance in competitive tasks. Participants who used these motivational methods outperformed the control group in various aspects of the task.
A new study found that military members with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and depression can experience significant improvements in symptoms after enrolling in a treatment program that includes specially trained care managers and telephone therapy options. The approach resulted in better outcomes and improved access to high-qu...
A study found that more than half of those making decisions for critically ill patients have significantly different estimates of survival rates than their doctors. The research team hopes to train physicians to better communicate with these decision-makers, improving treatment outcomes and alleviating suffering.
Researchers investigate how expectations influence pain perception, with results showing men's pain tolerance altered by sex-based expectations. The study highlights the importance of considering non-explicit expectation processes in psychology and therapy.
A Cochrane Review evaluated the evidence for psychosocial interventions in adults who self-harm. Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) was found to be effective in reducing self-harm behaviors and improving emotional well-being. The review included 55 trials with a total of 17,699 participants.
A new study in Sierra Leone found that short reconciliation ceremonies helped communities recover from civil war, increasing trust and public goods contribution. However, the process also had negative effects on individuals' anxiety and depression, suggesting policymakers need to restructure such processes to reduce psychological costs...
Researchers are conducting a groundbreaking study to understand how children cope with traumatic life events from ages 3-5. The five-year project will track hundreds of Kansas City children and their families, providing real-time assessment and interaction data to identify key factors influencing outcomes.
Experts say pre-participation screening should be abandoned due to the lack of evidence confirming it saves lives. The harms of overdiagnosis, overtreatment, and false positives far outweigh any potential benefits in preventing sudden cardiac arrest among young athletes.
Researchers found that male batterers show greater activation in anterior cingulate cortex and medial prefrontal cortex, and smaller reaction in superior prefrontal cortex in response to intimate partner violence images. This study may have important implications for understanding violence against women and recidivism in batterers.
A new study finds that natural resilience may not be as common as thought, and when confronted with a major life-altering event, many people can struggle considerably. The study's findings go against previous claims that resilience is the typical response to major life stressors.
Researchers at the University of Zurich developed a revised Sense of Coherence Scale to improve mental resilience assessments. The new questionnaire yields more accurate and objective results, revealing that individuals with greater resilience suffer less from depression and bereavement pain.
A cross-sectional survey found that detailed clinician communication can alleviate patient distress associated with incidental pulmonary nodules. Patients who received accurate information about their nodule size and diagnosis had a more reassuring experience, reducing anxiety and improving overall well-being.
A study by UCSB psychologists found that challenging a person's belief in free will corrupts intuitive cooperation and leads to impulsive selfishness, but allows for recovery with time. Participants who were asked about their agreement with the statement 'I have free will' showed significant differences in their level of cooperation.
A recent study from Washington University in St. Louis confirms that about 71% of Americans are fairly certain Alexander Hamilton was a U.S. president. The study found that people's confidence in Hamilton's presidency is high, higher than for six actual presidents.
A cross-sectional survey of 14,587 patients found that 86% had a preference for at least one aspect of their psychological treatment, with time of day and location being the most popular. Patients who had unmet preferences were less likely to report being helped by the treatment.
A study by the University of Exeter has found that the children of migrants tend to think and reason like the wider UK population. This shift occurs despite retaining cultural similarities with their parents. The research suggests that communities can integrate over a single generation, contrary to common assumptions.
A recent study by Colorado State University's Silvia Sara Canetto highlights the link between cultural scripts of masculinity and aging with increased suicide risk among white, older men. These men are less likely to experience widowhood, have better physical health, and more economic resources compared to other demographics.
A Cornell study found that price affects how customers evaluate pizza by focusing on the first slice's taste. When paying $8, diners prioritize the initial impression over the last bite.
Researchers found that prediction markets correctly predicted replicability in 71% of cases studied, highlighting the need for timely methods to identify reproducibility challenges. The study used a pool of psychologists as traders and provided them with $100 to invest in 'reproducible' or 'not-reproducible' shares.
A recent study by Professor John Turri and Wesley Buckwalter found that people attribute moral obligations to those unable to fulfill them, regardless of ability. In experiments, participants judged a lifeguard obligated to save both drowning swimmers despite physical limitations.
The new system monitors five substances, including glucose and lactate, and can detect up to 40 molecules in real time. This reduces the need for invasive monitoring devices, providing a practical advantage for medical staff and loved ones.
A study of young women in China found lower self-esteem and self-efficacy before surgery, but significant increases six months later. The research suggests that preoperative psychological intervention may be necessary to address these issues.
Research found that people who experience cultural disfluency, such as encountering wrong holiday plates or non-traditional wedding photos, perform better on cognitive reasoning tests and are less likely to engage in mindless consumption. This shift to systematic thinking reduces stress levels and increases brainpower.
A study by UCSB and NASA reveals that humans are inherently bad at watching computers work, with distractions and daydreaming leading to failures in practical monitoring tasks. Pilots missed 25% of altitude crossings despite high levels of cockpit automation, highlighting the challenges of task monitoring.
A study by Tohoku University found that depressive symptoms are higher in coastal areas than inland areas affected by the Great East Japan Earthquake. Four percent of participants experienced considerable posttraumatic stress reaction (PTSR). Psychologists have provided support to over 600 residents with psychological problems.
A study found playing Tetris for three minutes reduced cravings for drugs, food, and activities like sex and sleeping by approximately one fifth. The benefits were maintained over a seven-day period.
A recent study published in the American Journal of Public Health found that healthcare providers, including doctors, nurses, and mental health professionals, hold implicit biases towards lesbian women and gay men. The study used the Sexuality Implicit Association Test to assess attitudes towards sexual orientation among over 200,000 p...
A new study published in the Journal of Experimental Social Psychology finds that white Americans who acknowledge their biases are more effective at addressing contemporary racial challenges. The research suggests that personal awareness and acceptance are key factors in developing 'concerned awareness' of racial bias.