Articles tagged with Psychological Theory
Researchers found that dominant individuals exhibit a preference for vertically-oriented stimuli, indicating their level of dominance can be measured based on this bias. This study provides new insights into personality processes and suggests a link between thinking dominantly and perceiving power.
Research suggests that transference is more pronounced when an individual's energy resources are low, rather than abundant. Studies have shown that people tend to rely on automatic associations and fail to notice differences when they are tired or at a circadian mismatch.
The new edition of Change for the Better provides valuable insights into how learned patterns contribute to psychological problems like depression and anxiety. With updated theories and case studies, readers can identify their inner dialogues and achieve lasting change through mindfulness-based psychotherapy.
A researcher at Ohio State University suggests that ingroup bias doesn't require conflict with other groups, but rather a desire for trust and security within one's own group. This is contrary to the common misconception that people join groups to boost their self-esteem or to assert dominance over others.
A new study published in Psychological Science found strong support for consensus among instant runoff and three classic voting methods: Condorcet, Borda count, and Plurality. This contradicts past research that highlighted worst-case scenarios and the mathematical impossibility of a single universally 'best' election method.
Researchers found that partners who engage in sacrifices out of genuine desire for their partner are more satisfied and committed. Additionally, those who perceive these actions as selfless can also experience positive outcomes. The study's findings have practical applications for individual and couples therapy.
New research at the University of Rochester found that smokers who were counseled in a manner that encouraged them to reflect on whether they wanted to smoke or not were more likely to maintain their abstinence for two years. Participants who received personalized quit plans with input and perspective on how smoking fit into their live...
New research from the University of Washington suggests that understanding why employees choose to stay in their jobs is crucial for retaining good workers. The 'unfolding model' explains why employees leave, while 'job embeddedness' describes forces that keep workers engaged.
A NYU study finds that people who see the world as fair and just can maintain their perspective by reducing moral outrage, leading to decreased support for helping the disadvantaged. The research suggests a palliative effect of ideology on emotions.
A study found that people enjoy video games because they find them intrinsically satisfying, with benefits including achievement, freedom, and connection to others. The research suggests that some video games can motivate further play and even enhance psychological wellness.
A Florida State University study found that kids with realistic perceptions of social acceptance are better equipped to handle negative feelings, reducing depressive symptoms. The researchers discovered a self-perpetuating cycle where inaccurate perceptions lead to depression, and depression worsens accuracy.
A recent study found that men tend to gauge their partner's sexual interest before women do, with men's ratings of women influenced by physical attractiveness but not agreeableness. Women, on the other hand, rated their male partners higher on both physical attractiveness and agreeableness.
Automatic influences over us are typically benign and help keep us in touch with our present circumstances while our conscious mind is time-traveling into the past or future. The article highlights the importance of acknowledging these unconscious influences to regain control.
A study by University of Toronto researchers found that minority women experience a cumulative effect of racial and sexual harassment in the workplace. The additive theory supported by the data suggests that these two forms of harassment compound, with minority women facing higher rates than others.
A study analyzing media coverage of Olympics found that Japanese and American views on winning differ significantly. In Japan, winning is attributed to a combination of athlete's attributes, background, and social experience. This difference reflects cultural products such as television, which influence how people perceive the world.
A study published in Psychology of Women Quarterly found that businesswomen wearing tight skirts were perceived as less competent than their neutrally dressed counterparts. The research suggests women in high status occupations must resist the temptation to emphasize their sex appeal to gain respect from colleagues.
A study found that people consider a serving of ice cream more valuable if it's under-filled than over-filled, even if the overall amount is the same. This phenomenon, known as magnitude insensitivity, occurs in single-evaluation mode where individuals make decisions without comparing to other options.
A study by Arthur B. Markman and C. Miguel Brendl found that people's representations of self are distinct from their body representations, suggesting a temporary localization of the self in virtual environments like video games. This external representation affects how players perceive and act, potentially leading to a merge of both b...
Researchers at Carnegie Mellon University challenge the somatic marker hypothesis, a widely-held theory on decision-making. The study suggests that bodily states may not be as influential in guiding decisions as previously thought.
A new psychological theory proposes that 16 basic human needs, such as honor and idealism, drive individuals to adopt religious beliefs. The theory, developed by Steven Reiss at Ohio State University, suggests that each person balances their unique set of needs when engaging with religion.
Dr. Whitbourne is recognized for her significant influence on the field of gerontology through her theoretical and empirical contributions, as well as her extensive mentoring over three decades. She has mentored hundreds of students at Amherst College.
Nesselroade is awarded the Career Contribution Award by The Gerontological Society of America for his groundbreaking research in life-span development. His contributions focus on understanding intra-individual variability in behavior and its application in forecasting long-term outcomes.
Researchers found that servers at two restaurants and cab drivers received lower tip percentages for larger bills, but levels off above $100. The magnitude effect shows that relative value is affected by absolute amount, contradicting standard microeconomic theory.
The American Psychological Association and FBI report highlights the importance of social science techniques in combating terrorism. Three key strategies emerge: information exchange using data mining and decision tree techniques, relationship-building with key communities, and effective interrogation/interviews.
D'Andrade's research focuses on cognitive anthropology, quantitative methods, and American culture, with a focus on insightful interpretations of historical trends shaping the future goals of anthropology. He is one of 14 individuals honored by the NAS this year.
A new study by University of Wisconsin-Madison professors finds that juggling work and family roles improves health for single and married women, as well as men. The research also shows that high levels of role satisfaction are associated with low levels of depression and anxiety.
A study suggests that people are more likely to vote if they actively dislike a presidential candidate, but only if there is a preferred candidate to support. The research, based on nationwide survey data from 1972 to 1988, found that voters form impressions about candidates similarly to those in other areas of life.
The 108th Annual Convention will examine the role of psychology in changing healthcare environments, online therapy, and the human genome project. Keynote speakers Pete Seeger and Arthur Jensen will discuss their work on music, spirituality, and genetics.
A recent study by Carnegie Mellon University researchers found that patients with a positive outlook and strong sense of control over their lives are less likely to experience a second coronary event. Those with low self-esteem, optimism, and feelings of control were two and a half times more likely to suffer from restenosis.
Researchers discovered the spontaneous trait transference phenomenon, where people who describe positive or negative traits in others are often attributed those same traits. This occurs even when participants are told there's no connection between the speakers and statements, suggesting an irrational, unconscious process.
A Cornell psychologist suggests that a child's early preferences for sex-typical or nonconformist activities and peers may shape their future sexual orientation. Studies show that many gay men and lesbians recall being more attracted to those who were different from them in childhood.