Articles tagged with Gender Studies
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
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Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
A Rutgers-Camden psychologist has found a link between reality TV shows and the likelihood of teenagers undergoing cosmetic surgery. The study suggests that exposure to these programs can lead to a desire for plastic surgery as a means of self-satisfaction, with some participants describing it as an 'inspirational' experience.
A UCLA study suggests that a simple approach can cultivate female leadership in medicine and other fields. Subtle encouragement from teachers can increase female students' willingness to identify themselves as leaders, leading to a more balanced distribution of leaders in the classroom.
A GM insect-resistant cotton crop in India significantly increased employment opportunities for female laborers, with average income gains of 40 US dollars per hectare. The research found that the use of Bt cotton reduced manual work and reallocated labor to other household activities, improving women's quality of life.
A new study published in Rheumatology found that moderate alcohol consumption may reduce the severity of rheumatoid arthritis symptoms and risk. The study, which involved over 1,800 patients, showed a significant inverse association between frequency of alcohol consumption and RA severity.
Women respond equally to naltrexone as a treatment for alcohol dependence, with similar outcomes on various outcome measures. The study found that women initiate substance use at an earlier age than men, but progress more rapidly to severe consequences.
A study by the University of Michigan Health System found that female physicians are more supportive than male physicians when it comes to honoring patient requests for a doctor of the same gender or background. The study also showed that racial and ethnic minorities, particularly Muslim patients, are more likely to have their requests...
A study by Dr. David Hibbard and Dr. Duane Buhrmester found that competing to win is detrimental to teenage girls' social relationships and well-being, while competing to excel has no gender differences in its effects. Competing to excel benefits both genders, improving self-esteem and reducing depression.
Researchers found a persistent gender gap in math and science performance among the most talented seventh graders, with boys outnumbering girls by 3-to-1 at extremely high levels. However, the gap has narrowed considerably over time, and girls slightly outnumber boys at higher levels of verbal reasoning and writing ability.
A study published in the European Journal of Public Health found that nearly 10% of Madrid women experience gender-related violence, with significant differences by age and socioeconomic factors. The study highlights the need for preventive intervention and social support to protect vulnerable women.
A new study published in Springer's journal Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology found that men perceive vocal masculinity as a strong indicator of dominance, but it does not influence their attentiveness to rivals' voices. The researchers also discovered that testosterone levels are linked to dominance ratings.
A nearly 2,300-person study by the University of Minnesota definitively links indoor tanning to increased risk of melanoma, with frequent users facing a 74% higher likelihood. The study found that risk is associated more with how much a person tans and not the age or device type.
An Indiana University study found that more physical activity leads to less obesity, with the greatest decline seen in white women who met minimum national guidelines. However, racial and ethnic differences were observed, particularly among Hispanic and African American women.
A national survey of surgical residents found that those who are single or do not have children are more likely to pursue specialty fellowships. The study also highlights the growing trend of specialization among surgery residents, which may impact the future of general surgery.
A University of Alberta study found that people living in neighborhoods with high perceived traffic density were more likely to have a higher Body Mass Index (BMI) than those who didn't. The study also revealed age and socioeconomic status as significant factors, with younger individuals experiencing greater BMI increases.
A study published in the Journal of Thoracic Oncology found that high expression of CD24 is a negative independent prognostic factor for progression-free and cancer-specific survival in NSCLC. CD24-high expression was also associated with adenocarcinoma histology, higher risk of disease progression, and cancer-related death.
A new study suggests that declining Social Security benefits are a leading cause of older men staying in the workforce. The study found that between 25 and 50 percent of the increase in labor force participation among men aged 55-69 can be explained by declining benefits.
Research by Juan Oliva found that HIV-positive individuals are less likely to find work than their male counterparts, with women facing a significant disadvantage, and factors such as health, education level and type of transmission playing a role in employment status.
A British study found that nearly two-thirds of patients were unaware they had a minor stroke and over one-third delayed seeking medical attention for more than 24 hours. The study suggests a lack of public awareness about recognizing the signs of a minor stroke, with people from all demographics showing similar lack of knowledge.
A University of Michigan Health System study found black men with chronic pain experience more severe symptoms, leading to increased disability and depression. The study highlights the need for a culturally appropriate approach to caring for black men with chronic pain.
Research suggests that social role changes can lead to an increase in gender violence, especially for women who are expected to conform to traditional roles. The study, conducted by Prof. Mª Carmen Herrera Enríquez, found that men may use violence as a means to restore their lost power when faced with changing social dynamics.
A large study found that walking at a brisk pace (3 miles per hour) or for two hours a week significantly lowers the risk of stroke in women. The study followed 39,315 female health professionals over 11.9 years and found lower risks for total, clot-related, and bleeding strokes.
A study by the Mongan Institute at Massachusetts General Hospital found that women conducting research in life sciences receive lower levels of compensation than their male counterparts, even after controlling for professional activities and academic accomplishments. Women also take on more administrative tasks, leading to a pay gap of...
A large-scale Dutch study finds that bullies aim to gain status by dominating victims, while avoiding social rejection from peers. The study also reveals that gender plays a significant role in bullying behavior.
A study found that Mexican Americans are 40% less likely than non-Hispanic whites to call 9-1-1 and be taken to the hospital via ambulance for stroke, leading to delayed medical treatment. Women, particularly those from the Hispanic community, were also more likely to experience delays in receiving timely care.
A University of Montreal study found that men and women respond differently to stress, with high blood pressure and heart rate in women who are more defensive. Older men with low defensive reactions have higher cardiovascular rates. The study suggests that socialization and maintaining self-esteem contribute to these responses.
A Mayo Clinic study identifies clinical traits that predict higher radiation doses in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) therapy, with men receiving higher doses due to body size and disease complexity. The study aims to reduce radiation risks and improve PCI safety and quality.
A new IU study found that a representative sample of 18- to 96-year-olds had varying definitions of 'had sex', with 30% not considering oral sex as sex. The study highlights the need for specific language when discussing sex, affecting medical advice and health education efforts.
A recent study published in Neurology found that people with ocular shingles are four-and-a-half times more likely to experience a stroke compared to those without the infection. The research also discovered that individuals with ocular shingles were more likely to have ischemic strokes and less likely to have hemorrhagic strokes.
The American Psychiatric Association released proposed draft diagnostic criteria for the fifth edition of Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM). The revisions include new categories for learning disorders and autism spectrum disorders, as well as the addition of dimensional assessments to evaluate symptom severity...
Researchers found that new immigrants to Ontario, Canada had a 30% lower rate of strokes at age 16-65 compared to long-term residents. The study controlled for factors such as income level, smoking, and history of diseases like high blood pressure and diabetes.
A new study suggests that sex differences in jealousy are rooted in individual personality traits rather than evolutionary origins. Men with a dismissing attachment style tend to be more upset by sexual infidelity, while securely attached individuals find emotional betrayal more distressing.
Two new papers by University of Alaska Fairbanks researcher Judith Kleinfeld reveal high rates of suicide, conduct disorders, and emotional disturbance among boys, as well as lower grades and test scores. Schools are urged to address the unique challenges faced by both girls and boys.
A new study published in the Journal of Marriage and Family examines the importance of fathers in child development, challenging the long-held assumption that children need both a mother and a father. The research found that children raised by same-sex parents do as well on average as those raised by opposite-sex parents.
A recent study found that teenage minority boys who experience discrimination are more likely to smoke, while their female counterparts show no such association. Researchers investigated 2,561 adolescents and discovered that perceived discrimination had a positive impact on smoking rates among boys, but not girls.
A worldwide study analyzed data from 69 countries and found small but significant gender differences in math skills, with girls performing as well as boys when given the right educational tools. The research highlights the need for schools, teachers, and families to encourage girls' math learning.
A UAB study found that boys scored higher than girls for using their cell phones to play games, share pictures and videos, listen to music and/or send e-mails. Girls, on the other hand, tend to use their phones more as a phone book or contact list, while boys see the phone as a gadget.
A University of Illinois study suggests that connecting with workers' emotions and personal identity can produce powerful triggers for calling out wrongdoing in the workplace. The study found that half of employees who witnessed wrongdoing on the job failed to report it due to fear of retaliation, but those who did reported being drive...
A new study by Northwestern University found that ethnic pride is crucial for the mental well-being of young African-American adolescents. The research discovered that increased feelings of ethnic pride are associated with reduced depressive symptoms in both male and female students.
A study by University of Missouri researcher Rebecca Meisenbach found that female breadwinners experience both benefits and tensions in their roles. Despite challenges such as pressure and guilt, many women enjoy a sense of independence and ambition, while also valuing their partners' contributions.
A University of Miami researcher and his daughter explore the role of social dominance and sexual self-schema in sexist reactions. They find that both men and women respond more hostility towards a woman who violates sex-role expectations than one who adheres, with individuals supporting social hierarchy being more hostile.
A quality improvement program increased hospitals' adherence to evidenced-based therapies, narrowing gender- and age-related disparities in coronary artery disease care. Average adherence improved significantly across all patient groups.
A new study has found no significant gender differences in rates of chest discomfort or 'typical' symptoms such as arm discomfort, shortness of breath, and sweating. Female patients were more likely to have both classic symptoms of a heart attack and throat, jaw, and neck discomfort.
Researchers at the University of Montreal found that women are better than men at distinguishing between emotions, particularly fear and disgust. Women processed facial and multisensory expressions faster than men.
A new study by the Spanish Foundation for Science and Technology found that adolescents' perception of family functioning is no longer decisive. Family structure is no longer a determining factor in an adolescent's perception of proper family function.
A study found that workers acknowledge gender discrimination is possible but often downplay its occurrence due to 'gender fatigue,' preventing productive discussion on inequalities between men and women. The researchers suggest exploring strategies to address this issue.
A recent Florida study found that black and Hispanic students are less likely to enroll in advanced courses due to lower scores on eighth-grade exams, but gaps exist between poor and non-poor students. The findings suggest investments before high school age can close these disparities.
Research reveals women with atrial fibrillation are more likely to experience symptomatic attacks, have higher heart rates, and increased risk of stroke due to pooling of blood in the atria. A new gender-specific approach to therapy is recommended to prevent strokes and improve quality of life.
The study divides Arab countries into three categories and compares their population-weighted averages in health, educational attainment, and income with those of non-Arab nations. While Arab countries have made significant progress in areas such as life expectancy and education, they lag behind in democracy and women's labor-force par...
Researchers found that athletes with previous injuries to the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tend to have smaller ACLs than those without injuries. The study suggests that a smaller ACL may be more susceptible to injury due to various factors such as activity level, neuromuscular coordination, and muscle strength.
A University of Pittsburgh study found that women, blacks, and Medicare recipients are less likely to be evaluated for liver transplantation. The research followed 144,507 patients hospitalized with liver-related conditions, revealing disparities in the evaluation process.
Research finds that higher levels of testosterone in women are associated with a greater appetite for risk, leading to more risk-prone career choices. In contrast, men with similar testosterone levels exhibit lower risk aversion.
Researchers found that women and men use hesitant language when discussing topics that don't align with their gender, but also exhibit similar patterns of tentativeness in neutral topics. This challenges the notion of innate gender differences in communication style.
A University of Michigan study analyzed 23-year patterns in weight-related activities among 17,314 young adults, revealing consistent disparities in health behaviors by gender, race, and socioeconomic status. The study found that young women exercised less than men, while black and Hispanic women had lower fruit and vegetable consumption.
A new study from North Carolina State University finds that white men receive significantly more job leads than women and racial minorities, particularly among upper management positions. The disparity is attributed to social capital, a measure of connections to people in various fields of employment.
A University of Cincinnati study reveals women report more sleep disruption than men, attributing it to the unequal distribution of family care responsibilities. The research found that women's lives are more likely to be fragmented by work and family demands, resulting in increased sleep disturbance.
Researchers found that quality after-school programs are essential for children's physical activity, but many lack adequate nutrition and physical activity. The HOP'N After-School Project improved physical activity levels by modifying existing activities to include more moderate-to-vigorous exercise.
A long-term study found that increased exercise in middle-aged adults led to decreased triglycerides and increased HDL cholesterol levels, with stronger effects in women. African-American women experienced the greatest benefits, especially post-menopause, while racial differences may be attributed to genetic variations.
A comprehensive survey of video game characters reveals that the industry does not better represent American society than television. Latino characters are virtually absent, with only non-playable background characters being represented. Women, Native Americans, children, and the elderly also lack representation. Meanwhile, males, whit...
A study published in Neurology found that nearly 30% of people with benign MS significantly worsened over five years. Cognitive tests and brain scans revealed that men with more brain lesions were nearly three times more likely to experience MS signs compared to women.
New research reveals a significant link between same-gender parent relationships and childhood obesity. Girls with obese mothers are more likely to struggle with weight problems in childhood, while similar patterns exist between obese fathers and sons.