Researchers used powerful supercomputers to simulate microturbulence in plasma, gaining valuable new physics insights that correlate with experimental trends. The simulations, performed on 400 million particles over 5,000 time-steps, demonstrate the maturity of high-performance scientific computing as a tool for discovery.
Researchers have uncovered ancient fragments of sea shells and cutting tools at two sites in Peru, dating the earliest evidence of maritime-based societies in the Americas between 11,000 and 13,000 years ago. The discoveries challenge traditional views on Paleoindian societies and suggest a more diverse set of strategies for survival.
A large-scale randomized study found that chemotherapy improves long-term survival for women under 50 and those in their 50s and 60s, even if the cancer has not spread. The treatment also showed benefits for women without evidence of disease spread.
Jay A. Levy, a UCSF professor of medicine, suggests delaying antiviral therapy for HIV infection until the CD-4 cell count falls below 400 and the viral load is above 30,000 copies per milliliter. This approach aims to avoid drug resistance and allow the immune system to recover and control the virus.