A new test developed by USC scientists and colleagues can accurately detect hidden breast cancer cells in lymph nodes, improving the detection of metastases. This breakthrough enables customized treatments tailored to individual patients' characteristics, such as tumor size and hormone receptor status.
Researchers at University of Florida report a 92% survival rate for newborns with diaphragmatic hernia using a new treatment strategy that reduces overventilation and delays corrective surgery, significantly improving lung function and development.
Researchers at the University of North Carolina will use a novel vaccine method to develop a safe and effective HIV vaccine. Early tests on monkeys show promise, with vaccinated animals showing significant cellular and humoral immunity and reduced virus load.
Researchers at the University of Michigan Comprehensive Cancer Center have identified two genes that may control the development of inflammatory breast cancer. The discovery, published in Clinical Cancer Research, could lead to more effective forms of cancer treatment, particularly for newly diagnosed women.
Researchers from the Howard Hughes Medical Institute have pinpointed how light resets the biological clock of fruit flies. By analyzing biochemical consequences of light pulses, they found that light triggers cell breakdown of a key protein called timeless, which is essential for synchronizing the biological to day-night cycle.
Astronomers have found evidence of a prompt high-energy afterglow component from a gamma-ray burst, suggesting multiple energy emission processes and mechanisms. This discovery supports the idea that different activities cause what appears to be a chaotic explosion.
A new study by researchers at the University of Southern California found that children with asthma are significantly more affected by severe air pollution than other children. Living in communities with high levels of pollutants is associated with higher rates of bronchitis and phlegm among children with a doctor diagnosis of asthma.
The event will cover hormone replacement therapies, phytoestrogens, common herbs and dietary supplements, and health promotion strategies. UCSF experts will provide guidance on managing menopausal symptoms and maintaining long-term health.
Researchers at the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine have solved the molecular intricacies of how a fruit fly controls its internal clock to cycles of light and dark. The team found that the proteosome plays a key role in TIM protein degradation, which is controlled by exposure to light.
A recent study by Mayo Clinic researchers suggests that an immune system response to fungus is the cause of most chronic sinus infections, which affects 37 million people in the US. The discovery opens the door to the development of effective treatments for this common chronic disease.
Researchers have developed seven nonlinear control laws for multi-axis control of high-performance aircraft, which could potentially save battle-damaged planes from combat. These approaches have shown spectacular results on simplified models but display pathological responses on higher fidelity simulation models.
Scientists at JILA have successfully cooled a gas of potassium atoms to temperatures near absolute zero, creating a Fermi degenerate gas. This achievement demonstrates the behavior of fermions, which are essential building blocks of matter, and could lead to breakthroughs in atomic clock technology and electronic devices.
Researchers at the Naval Surface Warfare Center are developing new statistical techniques to aid human operators in detecting and defending computer networks against intrusion. The new algorithms will filter out access attempts from strange places or at strange hours, or any attempts asking for unusual information.
A University of Pittsburgh study found that a non-invasive test can predict heart problems in middle-aged women without clinical signs of disease. The test, called electron beam computed tomography (EBCT), detected early signs of atherosclerosis in women who had no risk factors or clinical signs of disease.
The forum aims to provide access to national experts, develop workshops for science reporters, and foster research into the state of public understanding of genomics. It plans to make digitized files available for journalists to accompany gene research stories.
Researchers have discovered a new drug, pifithrin-alpha, that can protect healthy tissues from radiation damage and reduce side effects. The treatment strategy may allow for higher doses of therapy to be administered, improving cure rates.
The Alliance Chautauquas showcase the Access Grid, an experimental system linking people in virtual spaces for teamwork, remote training, and distance education. Key features include audio interactions, video presence, and shared applications.
A new system-on-a-chip technology from CPU Tech enables seamless upgrades to high-end electronic systems without rewriting software. This innovative solution addresses the issue of electronic obsolescence, which can cost hundreds of millions of dollars to resolve.
Research suggests Tourette's syndrome is not a simple motor disorder, but rather a condition affecting the brain's circuits that control planning and decision making. The study found that individuals with Tourette's can anticipate and adjust to their tics, indicating intentional movement.
The University of Iowa team will use a low-frequency radar to probe beneath the Martian surface and study the planet's ionosphere. The goal is to detect signs of liquid water, which may be responsible for carving the planet's canyons.
Researchers at Penn State have developed a new mobile data access system (MDAS) that enables efficient access to diverse data sources through both wired and wireless connections. The system uses multidatabases to provide integrated access to multiple databases with a single query, reducing traffic jams caused by simultaneous queries.
A gamma-ray burst may have melted primordial dust grains, seeding the formation of meteorites and rocky planets like Earth. The theory suggests that only one Sun-like star in a thousand would be close enough to form chondrules.
Researchers at Harborview Medical Center are exploring a new approach to treat depression by introducing extra copies of the gene for 5-HT1b receptors into serotonin neurons. Preliminary results suggest that this technique may allow for faster and more effective treatment of depression.
A University of Iowa study reveals that high salt concentrations in the airways of people with cystic fibrosis prevent antimicrobial peptides from working effectively. This finding provides new ideas about potential treatments for the disease.
For the first time, researchers have designed a working molecular motor that can convert chemical energy into controlled motion. This breakthrough advances miniaturization technology to the single molecule level, with potential applications in understanding diseases and developing new treatments.
Researchers at Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center have developed a new drug that targets histone deacetylase, an enzyme that regulates cell growth and division. The drug, called SAHA, has shown promise in treating various types of cancer, including breast, lung, and prostate cancers.
Researchers at Vanderbilt University have developed a groundbreaking treatment for self-injury in people with developmental disabilities. By combining communication training with naltrexone, a medication that blocks the brain's opiate receptors, they were able to significantly reduce or eliminate self-injury in most cases.
Third-year medical students who completed an ethics course showed a deeper understanding of medical issues and made more informed decisions. The course improved their ability to consider patients' capacity for informed choice and evaluated the benefits of physician-assisted suicide, according to lead author Risa P. Hayes.
According to Professor Valerie Randle's research, the imbalance in senior positions is attributed to differing attributes and aspirations of men and women. More women are now aspiring towards senior management positions due to growing schemes like networking and mentoring.
Seven large randomized clinical trials investigate the relationship between homocysteine, vitamins, and cardiovascular risk. The American College of Physicians recommends high-risk individuals take folic acid supplements, while others can benefit from a healthy diet rich in fruits and vegetables.
Researchers at the University of Illinois have discovered that Fragile X syndrome affects dendritic spine development in the brain, leading to impaired protein synthesis and maturation. This process is fundamental to normal brain development and may hold clues to understanding the cause of mental impairment.
A study of 393 male college football players found a link between multiple concussions and permanent neurological damage, particularly in athletes with pre-existing learning disabilities. Players with two or more concussions showed significant signs of long-term neurological damage, especially if they had an LD.
A survey of older Californians ages 45-70 found that poor health is a significant contributor to early retirement, with nearly half retiring for health-related reasons. The study also revealed disparities in health coverage and poverty rates among early retirees compared to those who retired after age 50.
Researchers attribute decrease in atmospheric carbon monoxide levels to reductions in manmade emissions, consistent with trends reported by the EPA. The study found a significant decrease of around five parts per billion by volume in carbon monoxide concentration levels at Big Meadows in Shenandoah National Park, Virginia.
Researchers at Max Planck Institute for Brain Research discovered a protein in photoreceptor cells that plays a crucial role in adapting to changing light intensities. The activation of this autoreceptor triggers a negative feedback loop, reducing glutamate release and preventing signal saturation.
The 9th annual meeting of the European Respiratory Society will address various topics such as lung cancer, asthma, chronic bronchitis, and sleep apnea. The congress will also feature discussions on artificial ventilation methods, non-invasive ventilation, and respiratory problems faced by mountaineers, deepsea divers, and astronauts.
A University of Illinois physicist has proposed a 'midinfrared' scenario that may help explain the mechanism behind high-temperature, cuprate superconductors. The theory suggests that the driving force for superconductivity in cuprates is a saving of Coulomb energy associated with long wavelengths and midinfrared frequencies.
The Earth is surrounded by a complex system of electric and magnetic fields, known as the magnetosphere, which interacts with charged particles called plasma. Scientists have developed a general model to describe the density of this surrounding plasma, revealing its behavior and effects on our planet.
A University at Buffalo study found no association between DDE-contaminated sport fish and shorter lactation periods. Women who ate Lake Ontario fish had lower DDE levels in their breast milk, contradicting initial expectations.
Researchers from Max Planck Institute simulated grazing collisions of two black holes, finding huge amounts of energy coalescing black holes emit in gravitational waves. The simulations revealed that these events could release one percent of the combined mass's energy, a phenomenon thousand times more powerful than our sun's emissions.
The University of Hawai'i computer system uses Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellites (GOES) to detect heat from fires on the ground, providing early warnings for forest services. The system has been tested in Southern California and will soon monitor fires across the West Coast, including California, Oregon, and Washington.
A daily dose of fish oil significantly improves kidney function and reduces the risk of advanced kidney failure in people with IgA nephropathy. Researchers followed 106 study participants for over six years, finding sustained benefits from fish oil supplementation.
A recent study by the Mayo Clinic found that 10 out of 16 men experienced a greater than 50% reduction in hot flashes while taking venlafaxine. The incidence of severe and very severe hot flashes was also significantly reduced.
Scientists discover that removing two proteins controlling cell proliferation can lead to deadly consequences, including leukemia and immune system dysfunction. The study reveals critical regulatory roles of SOCS1 in T cells and its absence makes cells sensitive to cytokines.
A major study found that children whose mothers are chronically depressed perform significantly worse on tests of verbal comprehension, language skills, and school readiness compared to those with no maternal depression. Mothers who were sometimes depressed fell somewhere in between.
Children of depressed mothers performed poorly on measures of school readiness, verbal comprehension, and expressive language skills. However, maternal sensitivity played a crucial role in the well-being of children, even when mothers were depressed.
Scientists have developed a method to deliver large proteins into cells using a molecular passport. The technology allows for lower doses and fewer side effects, making it a promising avenue for therapeutic approaches. This breakthrough could enable the creation of drugs that act only in disease-related cells.
Researchers successfully delivered fully functional proteins inside cells using a piece of the AIDS virus, overcoming the bioavailability wall that restricts large molecules. This technique has the potential to treat diseases such as cancer and genetic disorders by inserting working versions of damaged proteins into affected cells.
A study by Mayo Clinic pediatrician Philip R. Fischer found that pseudoephedrine hydrochloride was not effective in decreasing ear pain in children during air travel. Offering food or drink can help relieve pressure and clear earache, with swallowing sometimes helping to open eustachian tubes.
A new HIV drug intervention using nevirapine is significantly cheaper and more effective than three similar treatments, preventing 603 infections at a cost of $80,000 per year. The universal nevirapine program is the most cost-effective option, with a treatment cost of $138 to prevent one case of infant HIV.
Gene-repair pioneer Eric Kmiec has established the University of Delaware's Laboratory of Gene Therapy, focusing on sickle-cell anemia, Huntington's Disease and food-crop advances. His technique repairs genetic mutations by stitching mutated sequences back together in their proper order.
Researchers at Thomas Jefferson University have isolated hematopoietic stem cells using a specific marker, enabling laboratory production of all types of blood cells. This breakthrough has the potential to alleviate blood shortages for transfusions and develop innovative approaches to bone marrow transplants and gene therapy.
A study published in the New England Journal of Medicine shows that adding spironolactone to standard treatment regimens for heart failure reduced mortality by 30 percent. The research confirms aldosterone's role in heart failure pathophysiology and opens the door to more effective treatment options.
Researchers developed an electronic stock exchange that rapidly detects and shares insider information, imposing electronic penalties on insider traders. This approach can level the playing field and diminish the gains from insider trading.
A Purdue University researcher has discovered a natural plant toxin that can stop invading fungi by triggering programmed cell death in fungal cells. This finding could lead to the development of genetically engineered crops that are resistant to fungal infections, reducing the need for fungicides and saving farmers money.
Researchers developed a technique to follow electronic-structural rearrangements in molecules, enabling insights into molecular electronics and biological processes like vision and photosynthesis. This breakthrough uses femtosecond laser technology to distinguish atomic motions from electronic rearrangements.
A team of researchers is using seismic equipment to map the Earth's structure beneath the Rocky Mountains, aiming to understand how ancient land masses collided to form the continent. By analyzing density and material properties of rocks, they hope to visualize the structure of what lies far under the Earth's surface.
Researchers at Princeton University genetically modified mice to have improved learning and memory by adding a single gene, NR2B. The results show that the brain uses a common biochemical mechanism for forming associations, and this finding could lead to human gene therapy for dementia.
A study published in the Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology found that severe psoriasis is debilitating, both physically and mentally, affecting quality of life for patients
The research describes a cone-like deformation as the basic building block of a crumpled object, found in mountains and wrinkled materials. The study also reveals that crumpling is dominated by bending rather than stretching in its initial stages.