Research found that daily consumption of full cream milk and butter was associated with lower rates of asthma and wheeze in pre-school children. Antioxidants and other micronutrients in these products may play a role in this beneficial effect.
Researchers found no evidence that homicide detectives spend less time on cases involving African-American victims. The study, published in the Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency, examined 802 murders in Columbus, Ohio between 1984-1992.
A computer vision study reveals that the brain processes facial recognition and emotional expression in linked neural pathways. The researchers developed a model that explains how humans recognize familiar faces and emotions, which can be applied to create more accurate face-recognition systems.
The Amorphophallus titan, or 'Ted the Titan,' produces a distinctive odor to attract flies for pollination. Scientists have identified compounds in the plant's scent that are similar to those found in rotting meat, and research is underway to isolate these compounds and explore their potential uses.
A new study led by Janice Kiecolt-Glaser and Ronald Glaser found that caregivers of chronically ill patients experience prolonged immune disregulation, increasing their risk for age-related diseases. The research suggests that chronic stress and caregiving duties can have lasting effects on the immune system.
Spanish fertility experts have found a protein called Vascular Endothelial cadherin linked to ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome. The study suggests that modulating the way ovaries are stimulated can reduce the risk of severe OHSS. Researchers propose a novel approach, 'coasting', which enables treatment cycles to continue with less risk.
UCSD researchers define multiple steps initiated by COX-2 enzymes, including cyclic adenosine monophosphate and Inhibitors of Apoptosis, leading to suppressed cell killing and uncontrolled growth. The study also explains how aspirin and NSAIDs can reduce colon cancer incidence by inhibiting COX-2.
Research shows a significantly higher prevalence of PCO/PCOS in lesbian women compared to heterosexual women. The study found that hormones such as testosterone and luteinizing hormone were significantly higher in lesbian women, suggesting a link between PCOS and sexual orientation.
Researchers have identified a subgroup of cells in amniotic fluid that express the protein Oct-4, a key marker for human pluripotent stem cells. These cells have shown potential to differentiate into nerve cells and could potentially replace embryonic stem cells, reducing the need for human embryos.
A study at Royal Hallamshire Hospital found that most death certificates were completed by junior medical staff, with only a third issued by senior members. Necropsy rates have declined since 1993, raising concerns about the impact of recent 'organ retention scandal'.
The European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology's new chairman, Professor Arne Sunde, argues against a total ban on embryo-based research. He suggests that alternative stem cell sources, such as those derived from amniotic fluid or adult tissues, may become important for research and treatment in the future.
A recent study found that individuals with higher education levels have better diet quality compared to those with lower education levels. The gap in diet between higher and lower educated groups may explain the disparity in health between socioeconomic groups in the US. Despite overall improvements in dietary habits, there are still s...
A new study by Ohio State University researchers found that some reported gender differences in sexual behavior might be due to women being less than honest when surveyed. Women's answers were closer to men's in certain areas of sexual behavior when they thought lies could be detected, while men's answers didn't change as much.
A study found that long-term caregivers experienced a rapid increase in proinflammatory cytokine levels, which continued even after the care recipient died. The research suggests that chronic stress can prematurely age the immune response and contribute to various age-related diseases.
Researchers discovered that friendly bacteria and human hormones send cellular signals alerting E. coli to its location, leading to colonization and toxin release. Beta blockers may be developed to block this signaling system, preventing the bacteria from reaching the intestine.
Phosphate reduction is achieved within a week of treatment with lanthanum carbonate, a new phosphate binder. This effective treatment reduces serum calcium levels and improves cardiovascular health in end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients.
Researchers at USC successfully simulated the somatic hypermutation process in vitro, closely mirroring its natural occurrence. This breakthrough enables the development of an in vitro system that can mimic the body's immune response.
A new study published in American Journal of Hypertension found that the Resperate device significantly reduced blood pressure in patients with hard-to-control refractory hypertension. The 8-week study demonstrated that daily self-treatment with the device reduced blood pressure, even in those taking multiple antihypertensive medications.
NYU researchers identify a gene, luxS, necessary for robust growth of the bacterium in test tubes. This discovery opens up new avenues for developing antagonists or inhibitors to control anthrax, a highly lethal bacterial infection.
The Surf Zone Crawler, a fully autonomous amphibious vehicle, can follow search instruction plans, classify and map underwater mines in turbulent ocean surf zones. It has been used to search under the World Trade Center after 9/11, Afghan caves, and underwater wreckage off Normandy's beaches, with plans to deploy it in Iraq.
A study of children born after in vitro maturation indicates the technique is safe. The children, aged two to four years old, achieved higher than average scores in developmental tests. They were found to be healthy with no notable exceptions, supporting the safety and effectiveness of IVM for women with polycystic ovarian syndrome.
A study by Kaiser Permanente found that targeted interventions to increase multivitamin use among women of childbearing age had no significant long-term impact. Despite efforts to educate healthcare providers and pharmacists, the success of these interventions was hampered by inadequate implementation and lack of behavioral change.
A Stanford study found that nearly 18 months and 17% of the total research budget were spent on IRB activities, with no impact on human subject protection. The researchers hope to lead further examination of IRB procedures and weigh the cost and benefits of multi-center review for minimal-risk studies.
A two-year study examines factors influencing female students' entry into and exit from RIT's IT program, comparing them to those in CS programs. The research aims to inform strategies for improving female student retention in IT departments.
A study published in the American Journal of Public Health found that Hurricane Floyd caused substantial changes in healthcare patterns that lasted for over a year. The storm led to increased use of emergency rooms and outpatient services, particularly among Medicaid recipients, with estimated costs of $13.3 million.
A recent study found that schools' a la carte options are displacing fruits and vegetables in the diets of middle schoolers. The researchers discovered that nearly four out of every five snacks sold through these programs were high-fat, while only low-cost and healthy items should be added to menus.
Researchers found that adding interleukin-6 to the preservative solution before transplantation significantly increased post-transplant survival of rats receiving organs with fatty degeneration. The treatment reduced cell death and improved liver function in steatotic livers, suggesting a promising strategy for addressing organ shortages.
The head of Germany's IVF registry warns that outdated ART laws are putting patients at risk of multiple pregnancies and related complications. The German experience shows a strong correlation between embryo transfer number and multiple pregnancy incidence, with women under 35 being more likely to have twins or triplets.
A study published in the American Journal of Public Health found that a combination of factors, including unemployment, access to firearms, highly controlling behavior, and separation, increases the likelihood of female murder by their partner. Researchers identified key risk factors that can help identify women at high risk of homicide.
Researchers have identified a genetic variant in the calcineurin pathway that may be linked to schizophrenia. The study found that mice lacking this gene exhibited severe behavioral abnormalities similar to those seen in humans with the disorder, including hyperactivity and social withdrawal.
The US Preventive Services Task Force recommends against use of beta-carotene supplements for cancer or cardiovascular disease prevention due to lack of benefit and potential harm. Lawsuits involving human subjects research are increasing, leading to more careful research and increased costs, according to experts.
A specific gene variation, CYP2A6del, may inhibit smokers from quitting and protect against pulmonary emphysema. The study found that this allele was more common in heavy smokers who consumed fewer cigarettes and had a lower risk of developing lung disease.
A team of Marine Corps reconnaissance swimmers, Navy SEALS, Explosive Ordnance divers, dolphins, and REMUS worked together to clear mines from Iraq's port. REMUS successfully located potential targets, allowing the dolphins to inspect and report back on its findings.
A French team of fertility experts discovered that maternal genetic imprinting errors can occur during egg follicle development in mice. The research found that methylation patterns, essential for normal development, were disrupted at the earliest stages of in-vitro cultivation.
The European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology (ESHRE) has reaffirmed its ban on human reproductive cloning due to significant practical and ethical risks. The organization believes that the generation of clones could infringe upon human dignity, increase genetic determinism, and restrict autonomy.
The study found that single embryo transfer (SET) does not reduce the chances of having a baby, with similar cumulative live birth rates to dual transfers when previously frozen embryos are included. SET also carried fewer risks to mothers and fetuses, with only three sets of twins out of 107 women.
Researchers discovered that a single life-extending mutation affects multiple genes, including those controlling cellular stress response and metabolic processes. The study reveals the intricate connections between genetic pathways and their impact on lifespan.
Researchers found semen volume increases with abstinence, but sperm morphology deteriorates over time. Abstaining for up to two days may be sufficient for some men undergoing fertility treatment.
The study found significant disparities in self-reported versus diagnosed alcoholism rates among elderly individuals, with certain groups, such as those in poor health or aged 75+, being more likely to be under-diagnosed. The researchers identified key risk factors that can inform targeted screenings and interventions.
Researchers from Field Museum and American Museum of Natural History analyze museum specimens to understand genetic variation of the Northeastern Beach Tiger Beetle. They discover more genetic variation across historical range, suggesting human impacts led to fragmentation of populations.
Researchers investigated how babies up to six months old perceive moving objects behind screens, finding that they initially don't see continuity until four months old. This suggests that babies develop their perceptual abilities with age rather than being born with them.
A team of Johns Hopkins students designed and built a computer-guided pill dispensing machine for a quadriplegic man, allowing him to take medication independently. The device, which uses a mouth stick and slam switch, enables the user to select medication and dispense it through a tube into their mouth.
A Cornell University expert argues that 8 million childhood deaths worldwide are preventable due to malnutrition. Malnutrition interacts with diseases like measles and pneumonia, increasing the risk of death by up to 12 times. The solution lies in making healthcare more equitable and accessible, despite funding issues.
The US-EC Biotech Task Force is exploring the potential of transkingdom biology to bring together life forms from diverse kingdoms. This new field has opened up a broader relevance due to commonalities in molecular machinery, enabling researchers to share findings and perspectives.
Researchers analyzed interviews with WW2 Polish Resistance veterans to identify key motivations behind recruitment, including patriotism, xenophobia, and moral constraint. The study found that these emotions were rooted in a migrants' moral system and family life, rather than solely driven by ideology.
A study published in the Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society found that chronic cannabis use has a small impact on learning and forgetting, suggesting selective memory defects. The research team suggests that heavy marijuana users often abuse other drugs with potential long-term neurological effects.
A recent study by Stanford researchers found that receiving traffic tickets reduces drivers' risk of dying in crashes by 35 percent. The study analyzed public records of Ontario drivers involved in fatal crashes between 1988 and 1998, revealing a significant protective effect of traffic enforcement.
Researchers found that the normal form of the BRCA-2 gene enhances androgen receptors' activity to suppress tumors. The mutant form of BRCA-2 fails to enhance activity, allowing cancer cells to proliferate. The study provides new insights into male breast cancer and its connection to the BRCA-2 gene.
Researchers found a clear association between increased DDT concentrations in maternal blood and decreased chance of pregnancy in daughters. The opposite effect of DDE concentrations was unexpected, but may explain the lack of large changes in human reproductive performance after DDT introduction.
A new study reveals that bone morphogenic protein-7 (BMP-7) can reverse chronic kidney injury by reducing scar tissue and repairing damaged areas. This breakthrough could lead to a cost-effective treatment alternative for patients currently undergoing dialysis, significantly improving their quality of life.
A recent study by the American College of Emergency Physicians found no significant racial differences in the administration of pain medications to children, but did reveal regional variations. Children in the South and West received narcotics more frequently than those in other parts of the country.
A two-thirds reduction in childhood deaths is achievable in 42 countries with 90% of child deaths if known low cost measures such as breastfeeding and vaccination are extended to maximum coverage. The primary challenge today is to transfer what we already know into action.
The study found that uninsured patients and Medicaid recipients account for a significant proportion of emergency department visits due to tooth pain or injury. Despite receiving antibiotics or pain medication, these patients often lack follow-up dental care.
Researchers have discovered a nickel-tin catalyst that can replace precious metal platinum in producing hydrogen fuel from plants. The new catalyst, combined with a hydrogen purification innovation, offers opportunities for transitioning to a world economy based on renewable resources.
Researchers have identified a new target for treating female sexual dysfunction, which is caused by an enzyme that disrupts blood flow. The discovery provides an important advance in understanding the biochemical cascade involved in healthy sexual function.
A new study reveals the global spread of a virulent dengue virus strain responsible for severe disease outbreaks in Latin America and Africa. The research uses viral genetics to demonstrate the virus's movement from Asia and Africa to the Americas, shedding light on its emergence and transmission.
Scientists have determined the structure of the 2G12 antibody, which neutralizes HIV by binding to sugars on its surface. The antibody's unique structure could provide a template for designing an antigen that triggers the body to produce it, potentially leading to an HIV vaccine.
Researchers chart seismic effects on water levels to better understand the impact of earthquakes on hydrology. The study found that wells and aquifers respond differently to earthquakes than surface water, with effects recorded at greater distances.
Research reveals that amyloid accumulation selectively reduces expression of genes essential for forming new memories, leading to early memory loss in Alzheimer's disease. The study suggests a new approach to treating the disease by blocking the effect of remaining amyloid on normal learning and memory.
According to a study by Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, China loses an estimated 12 million productive working years annually due to injuries. The economic burden is substantial, with motor vehicle crashes, suicide, and falls accounting for the majority of productivity lost.