Researchers have discovered an imaging technique that monitors cancer cell proliferation by incorporating fluorescent proteins into cell nuclei. The technique allows for simultaneous observation of up to 100 cells and can be used to screen compound libraries for novel anti-cancer therapies.
Proton radiotherapy is being used to treat cancer patients at MPRI with minimal damage to healthy cells. The facility has received $10 million in funding and will be a centerpiece of the life sciences effort in Indiana.
Researchers found that HIV-positive patients with a history of alcohol abuse showed statistically significant impairments in verbal IQ, verbal reasoning, and reaction time compared to those without a history of alcohol dependence. Even after stopping alcohol use, these patients remained at risk for cognitive impairment.
Researchers at Washington University in St. Louis have found that heavy metal snow on Venus is actually made of lead sulfide, contradicting previous hypotheses. This discovery could allow for the dating of Venus using lead isotopes, providing a new frontier for space exploration.
A team of scientists at Vanderbilt University Medical Center discovered that tumors can develop in normal epithelial cells due to changes in signals from nearby fibroblasts. The study, published in Science, shows that eliminating a specific cell signaling pathway in fibroblasts leads to precancerous lesions and invasive cancers in mice.
By embedding a two-dimensional photonic crystal into the top face of a VCSEL, researchers can accurately design and control the device's mode characteristics. The technology has the potential to push VCSEL performance toward higher power and enable mass-produced devices for high-speed data communication.
Companies like Gemesis and Apollo Diamond are creating lab-grown diamonds over a carat in size that match mined counterparts in terms of chemical and physical properties. Additionally, colored diamonds can be created by introducing controlled elemental impurities, such as nitrogen for yellow stones or boron for blue gems.
Researchers from Cardiff University suggest that a large comet impact could throw material containing micro-organisms out of the planet's atmosphere, infecting hundreds of millions of nascent planetary systems. This viable bacterial outflow would survive heat and radiation, ultimately spreading Earth-life across the galaxy.
The Hudson River Estuary has largely stopped filling in with new sediment, except for specific locations, according to researchers. The estuary's sedimentation rate is approximately 1mm per year, matching the rate of sea level rise.
Elevated iron stores, particularly plasma ferritin concentration, may predict type 2 diabetes risk in healthy individuals. Healthy women with moderately elevated iron levels were found to have higher baseline intake of heme iron and lower fiber and magnesium consumption.
Researchers discovered that Ozz-E3 ligase is essential for the correct assembly of sarcomeres, which disrupts muscle formation. The study also found a close link between PPCA and Ozz genes, potentially explaining why some children with severe neurodegenerative disease suffer from muscle disorders.
The American Association for Cancer Research has honored scientists who have made significant contributions to the prevention, detection, and treatment of cancer. These awards recognize outstanding achievements in basic research, clinical care, therapeutics, and prevention.
Researchers observed Bacillus subtilis bacteria moving through fluid in a coordinated pattern, creating swirls and jets that stir the fluid and may aid bacterial detection. The 'self-concentration' phenomenon has potential applications in biotechnology, particularly in mixing minute quantities of solutions.
Researchers have discovered a new hereditary cancer mutation associated with an increased risk of colon, endometrial and ovarian cancers. The mutation was found in descendants of a German immigrant who arrived in the US in 1727.
A Swedish study found that risperidone long-acting injection reduced hospital admissions by 23% and mean hospital stay duration by 35%. This results in significant cost savings for the healthcare system, with estimates suggesting up to €6,300 per patient annually.
A study by Johns Hopkins researchers found that patients on peritoneal dialysis rate their care as excellent, citing independence, access to staff, and quality of treatment. In contrast, hemodialysis patients report lower satisfaction rates, with many citing inadequate information and economic factors as barriers.
Two new sets of guidelines aim to enhance patient safety by establishing formalized plans for inter- and intrahospital transport of critically ill patients. The guidelines recommend regular evaluation and refinement using standard quality improvement processes to minimize risks and improve outcomes.
A court-ordered settlement has provided funding to New Jersey's Women's Heart Foundation, enabling the implementation of statewide programs targeting women at risk for heart disease. The foundation aims to introduce new care interventions and professional nursing courses that cater to the specific needs of women.
Researchers aim to develop enhanced warning signals to aid elderly drivers in detecting critical information, as visual and auditory abilities decline with age. The study will examine the relationship between warning signal perceptions and driving skills in both young and elderly drivers.
Researchers analyzed over 250 dinosaur genera, finding the fossil record to be moderately complete, but highly congruent with existing family tree relationships. This study provides valuable insights for paleontologists studying dinosaur evolution.
The study found that the primary motor cortex represented actual movement while the ventral premotor cortex generated elliptical shapes. The research reveals how the mind creates order and adjusts on the fly to eliminate distortions, with implications for developing biomedical devices controlling artificial limbs.
A study published in JAMA found that patients on peritoneal dialysis were more likely to give high ratings of care compared to those on hemodialysis. The researchers also found better survival rates for peritoneal dialysis patients, especially in the first two years after starting treatment.
The Roche Organ Transplantation Research Foundation has awarded 11 new grants totaling 2 million Swiss francs, focusing on the understanding of rejection responses and inflammation. The grants aim to improve long-term organ survival and help more people with solid organ transplants live longer and healthier lives.
Researchers at UCSD aim to improve care of laboratory animals with automated monitoring technology. The Smart Vivarium project combines cameras, sensors, and AI to enable 24/7 monitoring and analysis of animal behavior.
A recent study found that children who experienced fewer fevers in their first year were less likely to develop allergies by age 6. Researchers discovered that fever-inducing infections involving the eyes, ears, nose, or throat appeared to be associated with a lower risk of developing allergies.
African-Americans are more likely to have advanced stage cancer by the time it's diagnosed, and less likely to receive radiation therapy after surgery. Rectal cancer patients of any race still don't always receive optimal post-surgery care, highlighting a need for further studies to improve treatment guidelines.
A symposium at AAAS explores environmental microorganisms as human pathogens, highlighting devastating diseases and antibiotic resistance. Global climate change and biowarfare threaten disease prevalence and prevention.
Researchers have successfully created a new kind of mouse by replacing its genetic material with that from another species, paving the way for studies on mitochondrial medicine. The goal is to improve treatment options for people with currently untreatable diseases, such as infertility, diabetes, and neurodegenerative disorders.
A recent study found racial disparities in the delivery of care to black and white rectal cancer patients. Black patients were diagnosed at a younger age and had more advanced disease, leading to differences in treatment outcomes. The study suggests that improved access to state-of-the-art surgical care for minority patients with recta...
A study found that teaching hospitals have lower operative mortality rates for pancreatic, hepatic, and esophageal resections. Higher volume at teaching hospitals is a contributing factor to these differences in outcomes. The findings suggest that hospital structure and process variables play a role in variation in surgical outcomes.
Scientists say that replacing gasoline-fueled vehicles with cleaner diesel technology could lead to a significant increase in surface ozone levels, particularly in the Southeast. The study found that pollutants such as nitrogen oxides and hydrocarbons also increased, highlighting the need for more effective pollution control measures.
Scientists have long debated the causes of coral reef decline, but new research suggests pollution from land-based sources is a major culprit. A study in the Bahamas found that nutrient levels, particularly nitrogen, play a critical role in seaweed spread and destruction of coral reefs.
A three-year grant supports a study to prevent organ rejection in recipients by developing new white blood cells compatible with donated organs. The average survival rate for grafts is approximately 90% within the first year, but less than 50% after 10 years.
A study of 93,676 healthy older women found that depressive symptoms are significantly related to cardiovascular disease risk and increased mortality rates. Women with depression were more likely to develop hypertension, have a history of stroke or angina, die from cardiovascular disease, and experience all-cause mortality.
Leptin treatment transforms rat fat-storing cells into unique fat-burning cells with increased mitochondria. This conversion leads to substantial weight loss and improved health in rats.
A new survey reveals that people with psoriasis experience severe effects on self-confidence, work, and social life. The study found that three-quarters of those with severe psoriasis reported low self-confidence, while 48% of those with moderate psoriasis also suffered from it.
A study of 1,036 individuals from 266 families discovered that genetics significantly impacts memory performance, accounting for up to 80% of the variation. The influence of genes on memory abilities was stronger than previously thought and appears to be relatively unaffected by the presence of Alzheimer's disease.
Women with premature ovarian failure experience higher rates of dry eye due to ocular surface damage, not reduced tear production. Sex hormones play a multifaceted role in maintaining healthy moisture on the eye's surface.
A clinical trial found that low-dose clozapine can reduce levodopa-induced dyskinesias (LIDs) in people with severe Parkinson's disease by around 50 percent. The study suggests that clozapine may mitigate the transmission of toxically high levels of levodopa, thereby reducing its potency and lessening the severity and duration of LIDs.
Researchers found that a combination of surgery and intraperitoneal hyperthermic chemotherapy (IPHC) can increase survival rates for patients with peritoneal carcinomatosis. The procedure, which delivers heated chemotherapy directly to the tumor site, has shown promise in improving quality of life and extending survival.
Researchers at the University of Pennsylvania are conducting a clinical trial to evaluate the safety and efficacy of a telomerase peptide-based vaccine against breast cancer. The study aims to stimulate an immune response that can target and kill cancer cells, with the goal of improving patient health.
A study examined trends in potentially inappropriate drug prescribing at ambulatory care visits among older adults from 1995 to 2000. The research found that pain relievers and central nervous system drugs made up most of the inappropriate prescriptions, with rates higher for patients with multiple prescriptions and women.
A new study links high-voltage electromagnetic fields to the production of ozone in the air surrounding animals, potentially posing a health risk. The researchers found that rats exposed to corona discharge produced significantly higher levels of ozone than those without exposure.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins Kimmel Cancer Center have identified a new compound that accelerates genetic discovery by reducing the time and cost associated with DNA separation. Sodium boric acid has been found to replace outdated solutions in electrophoresis, resulting in significant improvements.
A study of 524 patients found Mexican-Americans are more likely to have a family history of stroke. Researchers believe this population is ideal for studying family stroke risks due to significant associations between ethnicity and stroke factors.
Research at Ohio State University found that acute stress can significantly boost the immune system's response, with stressed animals showing a two-to-four times higher reaction to chemical or protein antigens. This effect was observed even after several weeks to months of re-exposure without further restraint.
A recent study found that middle school students who slept fewer hours experienced lower self-esteem, higher levels of depression, and poorer grades. The research, published in Child Development, suggests that a good night's sleep is crucial for adolescents' health and academic success.
Botulinum toxin type A treatment significantly reduces sweat production and improves quality of life for hyperhidrosis patients. The Hyperhidrosis Severity Scale is a new tool to identify and assess treatment results.
Researchers found a 21% higher risk of death from stroke among children under 20 in stroke belt states compared to non-stroke belt states. The study highlights the need to consider environmental and cultural factors in understanding childhood stroke.
Researchers present findings on various stroke treatments, including the effectiveness of IV magnesium in reducing death and improving functional outcome. Additionally, studies show promise for statins, oxygen therapy, and clot-busting therapies in improving neurological outcomes after ischemic stroke.
Scientists successfully reverse the direction of a molecular motor by rotating its lever arm, achieving a previously unknown movement. The breakthrough demonstrates the potential for protein design and engineering to create novel properties with well-defined functions.
A study of 34 academic medical institutions found that seven criteria, including written procedures and emergency staff training, significantly increased the use of tPA for stroke patients. Hospitals that met all seven criteria saw a 4.7 times greater chance of treating ischemic strokes with tPA.
Researchers found that manual techniques can reduce permanent brachial plexus damage in babies by up to 50% compared to episiotomies. This approach also minimizes severe perineal injuries in mothers. The study suggests a safer and more effective alternative for managing severe shoulder dystocia during childbirth.
Patients with a history of high cholesterol had a lower risk of cognitive impairment three to six months after stroke. The study found that statin treatment, rather than the cholesterol itself, may be responsible for this effect.
A new study suggests that treating metabolic syndrome's risk-factor components might reduce stroke risk before Type 2 diabetes develops. Men with metabolic syndrome have a 78% greater stroke risk, while women have more than double the risk compared to those without the condition.
Archaeologists at Newcastle University and Australian National University estimate rock paintings in the uKhahlamba-Drakensberg are up to 3,000 years old. This new study uses accelerator mass spectrometry radiocarbon dating to contribute significantly to understanding San hunter-gatherer society.
John Allen Paulos, a renowned mathematician and public commentator, has received the AAAS Award for Public Understanding of Science and Technology. He is recognized for his efforts to make mathematics accessible and relevant to everyday life through his books, columns, and opinion pieces.
Scientists give mice with damaged kidneys injections of BMP-7 to prevent adynamic bone disorder, a condition causing weakening and distortion of bones. The treatment is shown to be effective in normalizing bone cell counts and structures.
Research finds that neonatal white matter injury is associated with culture-positive infections and rare instances of metabolic acidosis. The study refutes the idea that delivery complications cause these injuries.
The study found that lifetime stroke risk is 21% in women at age 55, while men have a 17% risk. Blood pressure significantly increases the risk of stroke across all ages. Lifestyle changes to control blood pressure can reduce stroke risk.